Referentielijst MOT-syllabi

 

1.              Ahmad et al.; Effect of Gender and Maturity on Qaudriceps-to-Hamstring Strenght Ratio and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Laxity. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 2006, Vol. 34(3).

2.              Ahmmed, A. U. and Mackenzie, I. J., Posture changes in diabetes mellitus, Journal of Laryngology and Otology 117,358-364 (2003).

3.              Alexander IJ. The Foot: Examination and Diagnosis. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 1990.

4.              Alexander RM, Bennet-Clark HC. Storage of elastic strain energy in muscle and other tissues. Nature 1977;265:114–17.[Medline]

5.              Alexander, N.B. (1996). Gait disorders in older adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 44, 434-51.

6.              Alfredson H , Forsgren S, Thorsen K, et al. In vivo microdialysis and immunohistochemical analyses of tendon tissue demonstrated high amounts of free glutamate and glutamate NMDAR1 receptors, but no signs of inflammation, in Jumper’s knee. J Orthop Res 2001;19:881–6.[CrossRef][Medline]

7.              Alfredson H, Forsgren S, Thorsen K, et al. Glutamate NMDAR1 receptors localised to nerves in human Achilles tendons. Implications for treatment? Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2001;9:123–6.[Medline]

8.              Alfredson H, Nordstrom P, Lorentzon R. Prolonged progressive calcaneal bone loss despite early weightbearing rehabilitation in patients surgically treated for Achilles tendinosis. Calcif Tissue Int 1998;62:166–71.[Medline]

9.              Alfredson H, Pietila T, Jonsson P, et al: Heavy-load eccentric calf muscle training for the treatment of chronic Achilles tendinosis. Am J Sports Med 1998;26(3):360-366

10.          Alfredson H, Pietila T, Lorentzon R: Chronic Achilles tendinitis and calf muscle strength. Am J Sports Med 1996;24(6):829-833

11.          Alfredson H, Thorsen K, Lorentzon R. In situ microdialysis in tendon tissue: high levels of glutamate, but not prostaglandin E2 in chronic achilles tendon pain. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 1999;7:378–81.[Medline]

12.          Alfredson H. & Lorentzon R;, Chronic Tendon Pain: No Signs of Chemical Inflammation but High Concentrations of the Neurotransmitter Glutamate. Implications for Treatment?, Current Drug Targets, 2002, 3, 43-54

13.          Alison Grimaldi. Understanding the Lateral Stability Mechanism of the Hip & Pelvis Manual Therapy, 2009 Oct; 14(5):S1-S54

14.          Allen AA, Warner JJ. Shoulder instability in the athlete. Orthop Clin North Am 1995;26:487-504.

15.          Allen BN, et al: Ruptured flexor tendon tenorrhaphies in zone II: repair and rehabilitation, J Hand Surg 12A:18, 1987

16.          Allen R E, Hosker G L, Smith A R B, Warrell D W 1990 Pelvic floor damage and childbirth: a neurophysiological study. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 97:770

17.          Allum, J. H. J., Bloem, B. R. and Carpenter, M. G., Proprioceptive control of posture: a review of new concepts, Gait & Posture 8, 214-242 (1998)

18.          Almekinders LC, Banes AJ, Ballenger CA. Effects of repetitive motion on human fibroblasts. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1993;25:603–7.[Medline]

19.          Almekinders LC, Temple JD: Etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of tendonitis: an analysis of the literature. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998;30(8):1183-1190

20.          Altchek DW, Warren RF, Skyhar MJ, et al: T-plasty modification of the Bankart procedure for multidirectional instability of the anterior and inferior types. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1991;73(1):105-112

21.          Amevo B, Aprill C, Bogduk N  1992  Abnormal instantaneous axes of rotation in patients with neck pain  Spine  54(2): 213-7

22.          Amiel D, Billings E Jr, Akeson W: Ligament structure, chemistry, and physiology, in Daniel DM, Akeson WH, O'Connor JJ (eds): Knee Ligaments: Structure, Function, Injury, and Repair. New York City, Raven Press, 1990, pp 77-91

23.          Anderson D, Zvirbulis R, Ciullo J: Scapular manipulation for reduction of anterior shoulder dislocations. Clin Orthop 1982;164(Apr):181-183

24.          Anderson DL, Taunton JE, Davidson RG: Surgical management of chronic Achilles tendinitis. Clin J Sport Med 1992;2(1):38-42

25.          Anderson J. Grant's atlas of anatomy. 7th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1978. Fig. 4-28.

26.          Anderson M. and Hall S. (1995) Sports Injury Management Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins.

27.          Andersson, E.A., Nilsson, J., Ma, Zhijia, M., & Thorstensson, A. (1997). Abdominal and hip flexor muscle activation during various training exercises. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 75, 115-123

28.          Andersson, G.B. (1991) The epidemiology of spinal disorders. In: J.W. Frymoyer (ed)., The Adult

29.          Aoyagi K, Ross PD, Huang C, et al. Prevalence of joint pain is higher among women in rural Japan than urban Japanese-American women in Hawaii. Ann Rheum Dis. May 1999;58(5):315-9. [Medline].

30.          Apley G, Solomon L. Apley's system of orthopaedics and fractures. 6th ed. London: Butterworths; 1990.

31.          Aprill C, Bogduk N.: High-intensity zone: A diagnostic sign of painful lumbar disc on magnetic resonance imaging. Br J radiol 1992; 65:1361-8.

32.          Arab AM ,Nourbakhsh MR , The relationship between hip abductor muscle strength and iliotibial band tightness in individuals with low back pain, Chiropractic & Osteopathy 2010, 18:1

33.          Arab, M.A., Abdollahi, I., Joghataei, M.T., Golafshani, Z., Kazemnejad, A. Inter- and Intra Examiner Reliability of Single And Composites of Selected Motion Palpation and Pain Provocation Tests for Sacroiliac Joint. Manual Therapy, 2008;xx:1-

34.          Archambault JM, Wiley JP, Bray RC, et al. Can sonography predict the outcome in patients with achillodynia? J Clin Ultrasound 1998;26:335–9.[Medline]

35.          Arciero RA, St. Pierre P. Acute shoulder dislocation. Indications and techniques for operative management. Clin Sports Med 1995;14:937-53.

36.          Arciero RA, Taylor DC, Snyder RJ, et al: Arthroscopic bioabsorbable tack stabilization of initial anterior shoulder dislocations: a preliminary report. Arthroscopy 1995;11(4):410-417

37.          Arciero RA, Wheeler JH, Ryan JB, et al: Arthroscopic Bankart repair versus nonoperative treatment for acute, initial anterior shoulder dislocations. Am J Sports Med 1994;22(5):589-594

38.          Arendt-Nielsen L, Graven-Nielsen T, Svarrer H, Svensson P 1996 The influence of low back pain on muscle activity and coordination during gait: a clinical and experimental study. Pain 64(2):231-240

39.          Arndt AN, Komi PV, Bruggemann GP, et al. Individual muscle contributions to the in vivo achilles tendon force. Clin Biomech 1998;13:532–41.

40.          Arndt AN, Notermans H-P, KoebkeJ, et al. Zur Fasertextur der menschlichen Achillessehne: Eine Analyse durch Mazeration. Der Preparator 1997;43:67–70.

41.          Arroll B, Ellis-Pegler E, Edwards A, et al: Patellofemoral pain syndrome: a critical review of the clinical trials on nonoperative therapy. Am J Sports Med 1997;25(2):207-212

42.          ARTICULAR CARTILAGE DEFECTS (PART I & PART II) , Journal of Musculoskeletal Research, Vol. 7, No. 3 & 4 (2003) 157– 181

43.          Ashe MC, Khan KM, Maffulli N, et al. Pathology of chronic Achilles tendon injuries in athletes. Int Sports Med J 2001;2:http://www.esportmed.com/ismj/content/viewarticle.cfm?aid=112.

44.          Ashmen, K.J., Swanik, C.B., Lephart, S.M , ‘Strength and Flexibility Characteristics of Athletes with Chronic Low Back Pain,’Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, Vol. 5, pp. 275-286, 1996

45.          Ashton-Miller J A, Howard D, DeLancey J O L 2001 The functional anatomy of the female pelvic floor and stress continence control system.  Scandanavian Journal Urology Nephrololgy Supplement 207

46.          Aspden RM, Bornstein NH, Hukins DW. Collagen organisation in the interspinous ligament and its relationship to tissue function. J Anat 1987;155:141–51.[Medline]

47.          Aspden, RM. The spine as an arch: a new mathematical model. Spine 14: 266-274, 1989.

48.          Astrom M, Gentz CF, Nilsson P, et al. Imaging in chronic Achilles tendinopathy: a comparison of ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging and surgical findings in 27 histologically verified cases. Skeletal Radiol 1996;25:615–20.[Medline]

49.          Astrom M, Rausing A. Chronic Achilles tendinopathy. A survey of surgical and histopathologic findings. Clin Orthop 1995;316:151–64.[Medline]

50.          Astrom M, Westlin N. Blood flow in chronic Achilles tendinopathy. Clin Orthop 1994;308:166–72.[Medline]

51.          Astrom M, Westlin N. Blood flow in the human Achilles tendon assessed by laser Doppler flowmetry. J Orthop Res 1994;12:246–52.[Medline]

52.          Astrom M, Westlin N. No effect of piroxicam on achilles tendinopathy. A randomized study of 70 patients. Acta Orthop Scand 1992;63:631–4.[Medline]

53.          Astrom M. On the nature and etiology of chronic achilles tendinopathy. PhD thesis, Lund University, Sweden, 1997.

54.          Astrom M: Partial rupture in chronic Achilles tendinopathy: a retrospective analysis of 342 cases. Acta Orthop Scand 1998;69(4):404-407

55.          Atkin DM, Fithian DC, Marangi KS, et al. Characteristics of patients with primary acute lateral patellar dislocation and their recovery within the first 6 months of injury. Am J Sports Med. Jul-Aug 2000;28(4):472-9. [Medline].

56.          Aufdenkampe, G., van den Berg, J., Van der Windt, D.A.W.M., Hoe vind ik het? Zoeken, Interpreteren en opzetten van fysiotherapeutisch onderzoek, Bohn Stafeu Van Loghum, Houten, 2007.

57.          Avila MA, Keating JG, McDermott C, McLaughlin MV. Non organic signs in low back pain with lumbar strength testing. NASS proceedings October 1996, 223-224 (abstract).

58.          Axler CT, McGill SM. Low back loads over a variety of abdominal exercises: searching for the safest abdominal challenge. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 1997;29:804–810. [PubMed] [Full Text]

59.          Axler, C.T., & McGill, S.M. (1997). Low back loads over a variety of abdominal exercises: searching for the safest abdominal challenge. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 29, 804-811

60.          Ayyappa E, ed. American Academy of Orthotists and Prosthetists Gait Society, Gait and Pathomechanics Syllabus, Certificate Program in Professional Development-Final Report, August 1996.

61.          Ayyappa E, ed. Words about words: the terminology of human walking, bipedal exchange. Monograph of the American Academy of Orthotists and Prosthetists Gait Society, Volumes 1-2, 1994.

62.          Ayyappa E, Mohamed O. Orthotics and prosthetics in rehabilitation. In: Lusardi M, ed. Clinical assessment of pathological gait. Newton, Mass.: Butterworth Heinemann, manuscript submitted for publication, September 1996.

63.          Ayyappa E. Gait lab technology: measuring the steps of progress. O&P Almanac 1996;45:2:28,29,41,42,56

64.          Azevedo, C., P. Poignet, and Espiau, B., Artificial locomotion control: from human to robots, Robotics and Autonomous Systems 47, 203-223 (2004)

65.          Backman C, Boquist L, Friden J, et al. Chronic achilles paratenonitis with tendinosis: an experimental model in the rabbit. J Orthop Res 1990;8:541–7.[Medline]

66.          Bagg SD, Forrest WJ: Electromyographic study of the scapular rotators during arm abduction in the scapular plane. Am J Phys Med 1986;65(3):111-124

67.          Bagnolesi P, Cilotti A, Lencioni R, et al. The Achilles tendon: echography at different frequencies. Comparative study. Radiol Med Torino 1993;85:741–7.[Medline]

68.          Bahr R et al.; Exercises to prevent lower limb injuries in youth sports: cluster randomised controlled trial. British Medical Journal 2005;330- 449.

69.          Bahr R, Craig EV, Engebretsen L. The clinical presentation of shoulder instability including on field management. Clin Sports Med 1995;14:761-76.

70.          Bahr R, T. Krosshaug.; Understanding injury mechanisms: a key component of preventing injury’s in sport. British Medical Journal 2005;39;324-329.

71.          Bak K, Bue P, Olsson G: Injury patterns in Danish competitive swimming. Ugeskr Laeger 1989;151(45):2982-2984

72.          Baker, J.H. & Matsumoto, D.E. (1988), Adaptation of skeletal muscle to immobilization in a shortened position. Muscle & Nerve, 11, 231-44.

73.          Baldwin K M 1996 Effect of spaceflight on the functional biochemical and metabolic properties of skeletal muscle. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 28(8):983-7

74.          Baldwin K M 1996 Effects of altered loading states on muscle plasticity: what we have learned from rodents? Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 28(10): S101-S106

75.          Balk, A.. Muskellraining zu Hause. Falken-Verlag, 1996

76.          Balter SGT, Stokroos RJ, Akkermans E, Kingma H. Habituation to galvanic vestibular stimulation for analysis of postural control abilities in gymnasts. Neurosci Lett. 2004;366:71–75.

77.          Baratta R V, Zhou B H, Solomonow M, D'Ambrosia R D 1999 Force feedback control of motor unit recruitment in isometric muscle J Biomechanics 31(5): 469-78

78.          Barbara Hungerford, Wendy Gilleardb and Diane Lee (2004), Altered patterns of pelvic bone motion determined in subjects with posterior pelvic pain using skin markers , Clinical Biomechanics , Volume 19, Issue 5 , June 2004, Pages 456-464

79.          Barker KL, Shamley DR, Jackson D 2004 Changes in the cross sectional area of multifidus and psoas in patients with unilateral back pain. Spine 29(22):E515-E519

80.          Barker KL, Shamley DR, Jackson D.,2004  Changes in the cross-sectional area of multifidus and psoas in patients with unilateral back pain: the relationship to pain and disability. Spine. 2004 Nov 15;29(22):E515-9.

81.          Barker P J, Briggs C A 1999 Attachments of the posterior layer of the lumbar fascia. Spine 24(17):1757

82.          Barlow W., 1987 "The Alexander Principle" Arrow Books Ltd.

83.          Barnes WJ. Efficiency and cost of Medical Exercise Therapy, conventional physiotherapy, and self-exercise in patients with chronic low back pain: A pragmatic, randomized, single blinded, controlled trial with 1-year follow-up. Physical Therapy. 1999

84.          Barr AE & Backus SI (2001).  Biomechanics of Gait   In Nordin M & Frankel VH: Basic Biomechanics of the Musculoskeletal System.  Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Chapter 18, pp.438-443.

85.          Barr AE et al. (2001).  Biomechanics of the wrist and hand.  In Nordin M & Frankel VH (eds): Basic Biomechanics of the Musculoskeletal System.  Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Chapter 14, pp.358-387

86.          Barrack RL, Skinner HB, Buckley LS. Proprioception in the anterior cruciate deficient knee. Am J Sports Med. 1989;17:1-6.

87.          Barrack RL, Skinner HB, Buckley SL. Proprioception in the anterior cruciate deficient knee. Am J Sports Med. 1989 17(1):1–6.Jan–Feb; [PubMed]

88.          Bartelink, DL. The role of intra-abdominal pressure in relieving the pressure on the lumbar vertebral discs. J Bone Joint Surg Br 39: 718-725, 1957.

89.          Bartlink DL 1957 The role of intra-abdominal pressure in relieving the pressure on the lumbar vertebral discs. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 39B:718-725

90.          Barton CJ, Levinger P, Webster KE, et al.,Walking kinematics in individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome: a case-control study.Gait Posture 2011 Feb; 33(2) :286-91.

91.          Bartonietz k. & Strange D. (1999) The Use Of Swiss Balls In Athletic Training--An Effective Combination Of Load And Fun, TRACK COACH Fall 1999 (149)

92.          Basmajian J V, Deluca C J 1985 Muscles alive: their functions revealed by electromyography. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore

93.          Bass, RL (1998). Fractures of the metacarpals and phalanges. In Jebson, PL & Kasdan, ML (Eds). Hand Secrets, Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus, pp 79-87

94.          Bassett C A L 1968 Biologic significance of piezoelectricity. Calcified Tissue Research 1:252

95.          Bates BT, Osternig LR, Mason B, et al. Foot orthotic devices to modify selected aspects of lower extremity mechanics. Am J Sports Med 1979;7:338–42.[Abstract]

96.          Baxter-Petralia, P & Penney, V (1992). Cumulative trauma. In Stanley, BG & Tribuzi, SM (Eds). Concepts in Hand Rehabilitation, Philadelphia: FA Davis, pp 434-445

97.          Beach RB: "Measurement of Extremity Volume by Water Displacement", Phys Ther, 57(3):286, 1977.

98.          Beach TA, Howarth SJ, Callaghan JP. (2008 )Muscular contribution to low-back loading and stiffness during standard and suspended push-ups. Hum Mov Sci. 2008 Mar 23.

99.          Beaconsfield T, Pintore E, Maffulli N, Petri GJ. Radiological measurements in patellofemoral disorders. A review. Clin Orthop Relat Res. Nov 1994;(308):18-28. [Medline].

100.       Bear Facts: Algoma Central Marine Employee Newsletter, volume 6, number 2, 1996 Fall.

101.       Beazell JR, Magrum EM., Rehabilitation of head and neck injuries in the athlete, Clin Sports Med. 2003 Jul;22(3):523-57.BIB

102.       Beeton & Jull 1994 Beeton K, Jull G A.  1994  The effectiveness of manipulative physiotherapy in the management of cervicogenic headache: A single case study  Physiotherapy  80(7): 417-23

103.       Beiring-Sorensen F ,‘Physical Measurements as Risk Indicators for Low-Back Trouble over a One-Year Period,’ Spine, Vol. 9, pp. 106-119, 1984

104.       Belgische Wetenschappelijke Vereniging voor Orthopedische geneeskunde (Cyriax), vzw, Vijfde themadag BWVOG: De probleemschouder (25 september 1999).

105.       Bell G. Infra radiation modalities. In: Prentice WE, editor. Therapeutic modalities in sports medicine. 2nd ed. St Louis: Times/ Mirror Mosby; 1990. p. 79-117.

106.       Bellamy N, Park W, Rooney P J 1983 What do we know about the sacroiliac joint? Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism 12:282

107.       Bell-Krotoski JA, Breger DE, Beach RB: "Application of Biomechanics for Evaluation of the Hand", In Hunter JM, Schneider LH, Mackin EJ, and Bell JA (eds), Rehabilitation of the Hand; Surgery and Therapy, 4th ed, Philadelphia, CV Mosby:153-184, 1995.

108.       Bell-Krotoski JA, Fess EE, Figarola JH, Hiltz D. Threshold detection and Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments. J Hand Ther 1995;8(2):155-62.

109.       Benazzo F Stennardo G, Mosconi M, et al. Muscle transplant in the rabbit's Achilles tendon. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001;33:696–701.[Medline]

110.       Benazzo F, Maffulli N. An operative approach to Achilles tendinopathy. Sports Medicine Arthroscopy Review 2000;8:96–101.

111.       Bendat, JS, and Piersol AG. Measurement and Analysis of Random Data. New York: Wiley, 1966.

112.       BENDER JA, PIERSON JK, KAPLAN HM, JOHNSON AJ. FACTORS AFFECTING THE OCCURRENCE OF KNEE INJURIES. J Assoc Phys Ment Rehabil. 1964 18:130–134.Sep–Oct; [PubMed]

113.       BenGal S, Lowe J, Mann G, et al. The role of the knee brace in the prevention of anterior knee pain syndrome. Am J Sports Med. Jan-Feb 1997;25(1):118-22. [Medline].

114.       Bensahel H, Souchet P, Pennecot GF, Mazda K. The unstable patella in children. J Pediatr Orthop B. Oct 2000;9(4):265-70. [Medline].

115.       Berchuck M, Andriacchi TP, Bach BR Jr, et al: 1990 , Gait adaptations by patients who have a deficient anterior cruciate ligament. J Bone Joint Surg 72A: 871-877,

116.       Berg K, Wood-Dauphine S, Williams JI, Gayton D. Physiotherapy Canada. Canadian Physiotherapy Assn. 41:304-311.

117.       Berg K, Wood-Dauphine SL, Williams JL, Gayton D (1992) Measuring balance in the elderly: validation of an instrument Canadian Journal of Public Health S2: s7-s11.

118.       Berghmans LCM, Van Waalwijk van Doorn ESC, Nieman FHM, de Bie RA, van den Brandt PA, Van Kerrebroeck PhEV. Efficacy of physical therapeutic modalities in women with proven bladder overactivity. Eur Urol 2002; 41/6: 581http://www.xytron.nl/downloads/barry.pdf

119.       Bergmark A 1989 Stability of the lumbar spine A study in mechanical engineering Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica 230(60): 20-24

120.       Berkow, R., Fletcher, A.J., Beers, M.H. and Londhe, A.R. (eds). The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy. Section 10: Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders. 114. Non-articular rheumatism: Low back pain and sciatica. 16th edition. Merck & Co., Inc., Whitehouse Station, New Jersey, 1996-1997.

121.       BernardsJA , Boddeke H.W.G.M.  Medische Fysiologie , Springer, 2008 , ISBN 9031346756, 9789031346752

122.       Bernier JN. Perrin DH 1998. Effect of coordination training on proprioception of the functionally unstable ankle. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 27:264-275.

123.       Bernstein I, Juul N, Gronvall S, Bonde B, Klarskov P 1991 Pelvic floor muscle thickness measured by perineal ultrasonography. Scandanavia Journal Nephrology Supplement 137:131

124.       Berryman Reese N, Bandy W: Joint Range of Motion and Muscle Length Testing. W.B Saunders Company. Philadelphia 2002

125.       Berthelot, J.M., Labat, J.J., Le Goff, B., Gouin, F., Maugars, Y. Provocative Sacroiliac Joint Maneuvers and Sacroiliac Joint Block are Unreliable for Diagnosing Sacroiliac Joint Pain. Joint Bone Spine, 2006;73(1):17-23.

126.       Bestwick CS, Maffulli N. Reactive oxygen species and tendon problems: review and hypothesis. Sports Medicine Arthroscopy Review 2000;8:6–16.

127.       Beurskens AJHM. Low back pain and traction. Hfst. 7 A patient-specific approach for measuring functional status in low back pain. Thesis Rijksuniversiteit Limburg, Maastricht 1996 Datawyse Universitaire Pers Maastricht

128.       Beynnon B. Biomechanical principles of sports medicine. In: Johnson R, Lombardo J, editors. Current review of sports medicine. Philadelphia: Current Medicine; 1994. p. 141-55.

129.       Beynnon BD, Johnson RJ. Anterior cruciate ligament injury rehabilitation in athletes. Biomechanical considerations. Sports Med. 1996 Jul;22(1):54–64. [PubMed]

130.       Biedert RM, Sanchis-Alfonso V: Sources of anterior knee pain. Clin Sports Med 2002;21(3):335-347

131.       Biering-Sorensen F. Physical measurements as risk indicators for low-back trouble over a one-year period. Spine 1984;9:106-119.

132.       Biering-Sorenson F (1998) ,Low-Back Pain,’ Scientific American, Vol. 279 (August), pp. 48-53

133.       BIGLIANI L.U., MORRISON D.S.: The morphology of the acromion and its relationship to rotator cuff tears.  Orthop trans, 1986, Nr. 10, 228-229.

134.       Bigliani LU, Pollock RG, Soslowsky LJ, et al: Tensile properties of the inferior glenohumeral ligament. J Orthop Res 1992;10(2)187-197

135.       Binet MH, Berrehail M, Montillet B, Terrenoir F, Tissier B. Shoulder dislocations resulting from ski injuries. In: Johnson RJ, Mote CD Jr, eds. International Symposium on Skiing Trauma and Skiing Safety. Philadelphia: American Society for Testing and Materials, 1985.

136.       Binfield PM, Maffulli N. Surgical management of common tendinopathies of the lower limb.Sports Exercise Injuries 1997;3:116–22.

137.       Binkley Jm ea  (1999) , The Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS): Scale Development, Measurement Properties, and Clinical Application , PHYS THER Vol. 79, No. 4, April 1999, pp. 371-383

138.       Birac DA, Andriacchi TP, Bach BR Jr: 1991 , Time related changes following ACL rupture. Trans Orthop Res Soc 16: 231,

139.       Bizzini M, Childs JD, Piva SR, et al: Systematic review of the quality of randomized controlled trials for patellofemoral pain syndrome. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2003;33(1):4-20

140.       Black KM, McClure P, Polansky M: The influence of different sitting positions on cervical and lumbar posture. Spine, 1996,21;1:65-70

141.       Blackburn TA, McLeod WD, White B, Wofford L. EMG analysis of posterior rotator cuff exercises. J Athl Train. 1990;25:40–45.

142.       Blake Rl, Denton JA. Functional foot orthoses for athletic injuries: a retrospective study. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 1985 75(7):359-362.

143.       Blaney F, Sawyer T 1997 Sonographic measurement of diaphragmatic motion after upper abdominal surgery: A comparison of three breathing manoeuvres.  Physiotherapy Theory and Practice 13:207

144.       Blaney F, Seaman English C, Sawyer T 1999 Sonographic measurement of diaphragmatic displacement during tidal breathing manoeuvres – a reliability study. Australia Journal of Physiotherapy 45:41

145.       Blanke, D.J., & Hageman, P.A. (1989). Comparison of gait of young men and elderly men. Physical Therapy, 69, 144-148.

146.       Blazina ME, Kerlan RK, Jobe FW, et al. Jumper’s knee. Orthop Clin North Am 1973;4:665–78.[Medline]

147.       Bo K, Borgen J S 2001 Prevalence of stress and urge urinary incontinence in elite athletes and controls. Medical Science Sports Exercise 33(11):1797

148.       Bo K, Hagen R H, Dvarstein B, Jorgensen J, Larsen S 1990 Pelvic floor muscle exercise for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: III Effects of two different degrees of pelvic floor muscle exercises. Neurourology and Urodynamics 9:489

149.       Bo K, Lilleas F, Talseth T, Hedland H 2001 Dynamic MRI of the pelvic floor muscles in an upright sitting position. Neurourology and Urodynamics 20:167

150.       Bo K, Stein R 1994 Needle EMG registration of striated urethral wall and pelvic floor muscle activity patterns during cough, valsalva, abdominal, hip adductor, and gluteal muscles contractions in nulliparous healthy females.  Neurourology and Urodynamics 13:35

151.       Boden BP, Pearsall AW, Garrett WE Jr, Feagin JA Jr. Patellofemoral Instability: Evaluation and Management. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. Jan 1997;5(1):47-57. [Medline].

152.       Bogduk J, Twomey LT. Clinical Anatomy of the lumbar Spine, second ed, 1991, Churchill Livingstone

153.       Bogduk N L T 1983 The innervation of the lumbar spine. Spine 8:286

154.       Bogduk N L T 1997 Clinical anatomy of the lumbar spine and sacrum, 3rd edn. Churchill Livingstone, New York

155.       Bogduk N, Pearcy M, Hadfield G 1992 Anatomy and biomechanics of psoas major. Clinical Biomechanics 7:109-119

156.       Bogduk, N. & Twomey, L. (1987). Clinical Anatomy of the Lumbar Spine. Churchill Livingstone.

157.       Bohannon RW, Larkin PA, Cook AC, Gear J, Singer J 1984. Decrease in timed balance test scores with aging. Physical Therapy 64;7:1067-1070.

158.       BOILEAU G., NOURY H.: Instabilites de l’epaule, Bilans isocinetiques et reéducation. Kinésithéraie scientifique, N° 365, mars 1997, 14-18.

159.       BOILEAU G., NOURY H.: Instabilites de l'epaule, Bilans isocinetiques et reéducation. Kinésithéraie scientifique, N° 365, mars 1997, 14-18.

160.       Boland, R. and Adams, R., Development and evaluation of a precision forearm and hand volumeter and measuring cylinder, J Hand Ther, 9 (1996) 349-58.

161.       Bolgla LA, Malone TR, Umberger BR, Uhl TL. Hip strength and hip and knee kinematics during stair descent in females with and without patellofemoral pain syndrome. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2008;38:12-18.

162.       Boling MC, Bolgla LA, Mattacola CG, Uhl TL, Hosey RG. Outcomes of a weight-bearing rehabilitation program for patients diagnosed with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2006;87:1428-1435. http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.apmr.2006.07.264

163.       Bologun JA, Adesinasi CO, Marzouk DK 1992. The effects of a wobble board exercise training program on static balance performance and strength of lower extremity muscles. Physiother Can 44:23-30.

164.       Booher, J. & Thibodeau, G. (1994). Athletic Injury Assessment. St. Louis: Times Mirror/Mosby College.

165.       Boomer B, Nelms M: The Boomer Chronicles [Videotape Series]. Colorado Springs, CO: USA Swimming; 2000

166.       Boomsma L.J., de Boer M.J., Bouma M., Bär F.W.H.M., van Bentum S.T.B., Lamfers E. e.a. Landelijke Transmurale Afspraak Beleid na een doorgemaakt hartinfarct. Huisarts & Wetenschap 2005; 48 (5): 232-235.

167.       Boos N, Rieder R, Schade V, Spratt KF, Semmer N, Aebi, M. The diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging, work perception, and psychosocial factors in identifying symptomatic disc herniations. Spine, 20(24):2613-2625, 1995.

168.       Borg G 1970 Perceived exertion as an indicator of somatic stress Scand J Rehab Med 2-3: 92-98

169.       Borg G 1973 Perceived exertion: a note on “history” and methods. Med Science in Sports and Exercise. 5 (92): 90-93

170.       Borg G 1982 Psychophysical basis of perceived exertion Med Science in Sports and exercise 14(5): 377-381

171.       Bowden PD (1983) The pathomechanics of forefoot valgus. The Chiropodist 38(12):445-450.

172.       Bowen MK, Warren RF. Ligamentous control of shoulder stability based on selective cutting and static translation experiments. Clin Sports Med.1991;10:757–782.

173.       Bowen V, Cassidy J D 1981 Macroscopic and microscopic anatomy of the sacroiliac joint from embryonic life until the eighth decade. Spine 6:620

174.       Bowker JH. Kinesiology and functional characteristics of the lower limb. In: Atlas of limb prosthetics. St. Louis: CV Mosby, 1981;261-71

175.       Boyer MI, Strickland JW, Engles D, Sachar K, Leversedge FJ. Flexor tendon repair and rehabilitation: state of the art in 2002. Instr Course Lect 2003;52:137-61

176.       Boyling J, Palastanga N (Eds.) 1994 Grieve’s Modern Manual Therapy: The Vertebral Column 2nd edition Churchill Livingstone.

177.       Bradlay K C 1985 The posterior primary rami of segmental nerves. In:Glasgow E F, Twomey, L T, Scull E R, Kleynhans A M (eds) Aspects of manipulative therapy, 2nd edn. Churchill Livingstone, Melbourne, p 59

178.       Brand PW. Mechanical factors in joint stiffness and tissue growth. J Hand Ther 1995;8(2):91-6

179.       Brand PW: "Evaluation of the Hand and Its Function", Orthop Clin North Am, 4(4):1127-1134, Oct 1973. ASHT, Clinical Assessment Recommendations, American Society of Hand Therapists, Garner, NC, 1992.

180.       Brandsma JW, Schreuders TAR, Leijnse JNAL. Het onderzoek van de kracht en functie van de extrinsieke spieren van de hand. Fysiopraxis 1997(14):14-19

181.       Brandsma JW, Schreuders TAR, Theuvenet W. De verlamde hand: revalidatie aspecten en chirurgische mogelijkheden. Jaarboek Fysiotherapie: Bohn Stafeleu van Loghum, 1995:68-8

182.       Brandt T, Krafczyk S, Malsbendend I 1981. Postural imbalance with head extension: improvement by training as a model for ataxia therapy. Ann NY Acad Sci 636-649.

183.       Brewster C, Schwab DR. Rehabilitation of the shoulder following rotator cuff injury or surgery. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1993;18:422-6.

184.       Broadhurst, N.A., Bond, M.J. Pain Provocation Tests for the Assesment of Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction. Journal of Spinal Disorders, 1998;11(4):341-345.

185.       Brody LT, Thein JM. Nonoperative treatment for patellofemoral pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. Nov 1998;28(5):336-44. [Medline].

186.       Brooke R 1924 The sacro-iliac joint. Journal of Anatomy 58:299

187.       Brooke R 1930 The pelvic joints during and after parturition and pregnancy. The Practitioner, London, p 307

188.       Brosseau L, Casimiro L, Robinson V, et al. Therapeutic ultrasound for treating patellofemoral pain syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;(4):CD003375. [Medline].

189.       Brossmann J, Muhle C, Bull CC, et al. Evaluation of patellar tracking in patients with suspected patellar malalignment: cine MR imaging vs arthroscopy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. Feb 1994;162(2):361-7. [Medline].

190.       Bruckner, J. (1987).  Variations in the human subtalar joint.  Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy; 8: 489-494.

191.       Brukner P & Khan K 1993, 2002 Clinical sports medicine, 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill, Sydney Australia

192.       Brumagne S, Cordo P, Lysens R, Verschueren S, Swinnen S 2000 The role of paraspinal muscle spindles in lumbosacral position sense in individuals with and without low back pain Spine 25(8): 989-94.

193.       Brumagne S, Lysens R, Swinnen S, Verschueren S 1999 Effect of paraspinal muscle vibration on position of lumbosacral spine. Spine 24(13): 1328-1331

194.       Brumitt J, Hip Adductor Injury Prevention,NSCA’s Performance Training Journal,Vol. 4 No. 5

195.       Brumitt J, Lower Extremity Stretching Program for Endurance Runners,NSCA’s Performance Training Journal,Vol. 5 No. 2

196.       Brzycki, M. (1993) Strength testing: Predicting a one-rep max from a reps-to-fatigue, Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance 64 (1): 88-90, 1993.

197.       Buckwalter JA: Pharmacological treatment of soft-tissue injuries. J Bone Joint Surg (Am) 1995;77(12):1902-1914

198.       Budoff JE, Nirschl RP, Guidi EJ: Debridement of partial thickness tears of the rotator cuff without acromioplasty: long-term follow-up and review of the literature. J Bone Joint Surg (Am) 1998;80(5):733-748

199.       Buller A J, Eccles J C, Eccles R M 1960 Interactions between motorneurones and muscles in respect of the characteristic speeds of their responses. J Physiology 150:417-439

200.       Bullock-Saxton J E  1988  Normal and abnormal postures in the sagittal plane and their relationship to low back pain.  Physiotherapy Practice  4:94-104.

201.       Bullock-Saxton J E, Janda V, Bullock M 1994 The influence of ankle injury on muscle activation during hip extension. Int J Sports Med 15:330-334

202.       Bullock-Saxton J E, Janda V, Bullock M I 1993 Reflex activation of gluteal muscles in walking: an approach to restoration of muscle function for patients with low back pain. Spine 18(6):704

203.       Bullock-Saxton J  E.  1994  Local sensation changes and altered hip muscle function following severe ankle sprain. Physical Therapy  74(1): 17-28.

204.       Bump R C, Hurt G W, Fantl J A, Wyman J F 1991 Assessment of Kegal pelvic muscle exercise performance after brief verbal instruction.  American Journal Obstetrics Gynecology 165:322

205.       Bunce S M, Moore A P, Hough A D 2002 M-mode ultrasound: a reliable measure of transversus abdominis thickness?  Clinical Biomechanics 17:315

206.       Burge PD, Brown M: Elastic band mobilization after flexor tendon repair; splint design and risk fo flexion contracture, J Hand Surg 15B:443, 1990

207.       Burkhart SS, Morgan CD, Kibler WB: Shoulder injuries in overhead athletes: the 'dead arm' revisited. Clin Sports Med 2000;19(1):125-158

208.       Burry HC, Pool CJ. Central degeneration of the achilles tendon. Rheumatol Rehabil 1973;12:177–81.

209.       Burry HC. The pathology of the painful heel. Br J Sports Med 1971;6:9–12.

210.       Burton, A.K. (1997) Spine Update: Back injury and work loss. Biomechanical and psychosocial influences. Spine 22: 2575-2580.

211.       Butler D 1993 Mobilisation of the Nervous System Churchill Livingstone

212.       Butler D S 2000 The sensitive nervous system. NOI group publications, Adelaide, Australia

213.       Butler D S, Moseley G L 2003 Explain pain. NOI group publications, Adelaide, Australia

214.       Buyruk H M, Snijders C J, Vleeming A, Laméris J S, Holland W P J, Stam H J 1995b The measurements of sacroiliac joint stiffness with colour doppler imaging: a study on healthy subjects.  European Journal of Radiology 21:117

215.       Buyruk H M, Stam H J, Snijders C J, Lameris J S, Holland W P J, Stijnen W P 1999 Measurement of sacroiliac joint stiffness in peripartum pelvic pain patients with doppler imaging of vibrations (DIV). European Journal Obstetrics Gynecological Reproduction Biology 83(2):159

216.       Buyruk H M, Stam H J, Snijders C J, Vleeming A, Laméris J S, Holland W P J 1995a The use of colour doppler imaging for the assessment of sacroiliac joint stiffness: a study on embalmed human pelvises.  European Journal of Radiology 21:112

217.       Buyruk H M, Stam H J, Snijders C J, Vleeming A, Lameris J S, Holland W P J 1997 Measurement of sacroiliac joint stiffness with color doppler imaging and the importance of asymmetric stiffness in sacroiliac pathology. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R (eds) Movement, Stability and Low Back Pain. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 297

218.       Byl NN, Sinnot PL. Variations in balance and body sway. Spine 1991;16:325-330.

219.       Cailliet R: Low Back Pain Syndrome ed 5 F A Davis 1995

220.       Cailliet, R. (1997) Soft Tissue Pain and Disability. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis.

221.       Cala SJ, Duranti R, Ferrigno G, Kenyon CM, Pedotti A, Scano G, Sliwinski P, Macklem PT, and Yan S. Human respiratory muscle actions and control during exercise. J Appl Physiol 83: 1256-1269, 1997.

222.       Calais-Germain (1993) Anatomy of Movement , p.62 , , Eastland Press, USA

223.       Callaghan*, J.P., and McGill, S.M. (2001) Intervertebral disc herniation: Studies on a porcine model exposed to highly repetitive flexion/extension motion with compressive force. Clin. Biom. 16(1): 28-37.

224.       Callaghan*, J.P., Gunning, J.L., McGill, S.M. (1998). Relationship between lumbar spine load and muscle activity during extensor exercises. Physical Therapy 78(1): 8-18

225.       Callaghan*, J.P., Patla, A.E., and McGill, S.M. (1999) Low back three-dimensional joint forces, kinematics and kinetics during walking. Clin. Biomech. 14: 203-216.

226.       Calmbach WL, Gomez J. Injuries about the elbow. In: Sallis RE, Massimino F, eds. Essentials of sports medicine. St. Louis: Mosby, 1997:313-24.

227.       Calvillo O, Skaribas I, Turnipseed J: Anatomy and pathophysiology of the sacroiliac joint. Curr Rev Pain 2000;4(5):356-361

228.       Capasso G, Maffulli N, Testa V, et al. Preliminary results with peritendinous protease inhibitor injections in the management of Achilles tendinitis. Journal of Sports Traumatology and Related Research 1993;15:37–43.

229.       Carmichael J P 1987 Inter- and intra-examiner reliability of palpation for sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Journal of Manipulative Physical Therapy 10(4):164

230.       Carr J and Shepherd R 1987 A motor learning model for rehabilitation In Movement Science: Foundations for Physical Therapy in Rehabilitation Carr J and Shepherd R Eds, Aspen Publishers Inc Rockville Maryland USA

231.       Carrafa A., Cerulli G, Projectti M, Aisa G, Rizzo A 1996. Prevention of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in soccer. A prospective controlled study of proprioceptive training. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arth 4(1):19-21.

232.       Carson W, James S, Larson R, et al. Patellofemoral disorders: physical and radiographic

233.       Cash JD, Hughston JC. Treatment of acute patellar dislocation. Am J Sports Med. May-Jun 1988;16(3):244-9. [Medline].

234.       Casparian JM, Luchi M, Moffat RE, et al. Quinolones and tendon ruptures. South Med J 2000;93:488–91.[Medline]

235.       Cattley, P., Winyard, J., Trevaskis, J., Eaton, S. Validity and Reliability of Clinical Tests for the Sacroiliac Joint: A Review of the Literature. Australasian Chiropractic & Osteopathy, 2002;10(2):73-80.

236.       CAVALLO RUSSELL J. and SPEER K. P.: Schoulder instability and impingement in throwing athletes. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, Amarican college of sports medicine, 1998, S18-S24.

237.       Cerny, K. (1984). Pathomechanics of stance: Clinical concepts for analysis. Physical Therapy, 64,, 1851-1859

238.       Chadha, TS, Watson H, Birch S, Jenouri GA, Schneider AW, Cohn MA, and Sackner MA. Validation of respiratory inductive plethysmography using different calibration procedures. Am Rev Respir Dis 125: 644-649, 1982.

239.       Chaitow L, Bradley D, Gilbert C 2002 Multidisciplinary approaches to breathing pattern disorders. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh

240.       Chaitow L., Liebenson L., Murphy D.R. (2001) Muscle Energy Techniques. New York, U.S.A.: Elsevier Science.

241.       Chaiwanichsiri D., Lorprayoon E., Noomanoch L. Star excursion balance training: effects on ankle functional stability after ankle sprain. J Med Assoc Thai. Sep 2005;88 Suppl 4:S90-94.

242.       Chamberlain W E 1930 The symphysis pubis in the roentgen examination of the sacroiliac joint. American Journal of Roentgenology 24:621

243.       Chan BP, Chan KM, Maffulli N, et al. Effect of basic fibroblast growth factor. An in vitro study of tendon healing. Clin Orthop 1997;239–47.

244.       Chan Gunn C 1996   The Gunn Approach to the Treatment of Chronic Pain; Intramuscular stimulation for myofascial pain of radiculopathic origin   2nd edn   Churchill Livingstone Edinburgh

245.       Chapman MW. Chapman's Orthopaedic Surgery. Vol 2. Baltimore, Md: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1993.

246.       Charrette M. 2003, Abnormal Q Angle and Orthotic Support, Dynamic Chiropractic November 17, 2003, Volume 21, Issue 24

247.       Check, P.. Press Release "New Sissel ABS Anti- Burst System Balls," December 1997, La Jolla, Cal/USA

248.       Chek P: Scientific Back Training Course Manual CHEK Institute1993

249.       Chek P: Scientific Back Training Course Manual. Chek Institute La Jolla CA 1996

250.       Chek P: Scientific core conditioning course manual. Chek Institute La Jolla, CA 1995

251.       Chen Y; Fredericson M, Smuck M,  Sacroiliac Joint Pain Syndrome in Active Patients - A Look Behind the Pain; The Physician and Sports Medicine - VOL 30 - NO. 11 - NOVEMBER 2002

252.       Cheshomi S., The Relationship Between Thoracic Kyphosis Curvature, Scapular Position and Posterior Shoulder Girdle Muscles Endurance, World Applied Sciences Journal 14 (7): 1072-1076, 2011

253.       Cholewicki J & McGill S 1996 Mechanical stability in the vivo lumbar spine: implications for injury and chronic low back pain Clinical Biomechanics 11(1): 1-15

254.       Cholewicki J, Greene HS, Polzhofer GK, Galloway MT, Shah RA and Radebold A

255.       Cholewicki J, Panjabi M M, Khachatryan A  1997  Stabilizing function of trunk flexor extensor muscles around a neutral spine position  Spine  22(19): 2207-12. [PubMed] [Full Text]

256.       Cholewicki, J, Juluru K, and McGill SM. Intra-abdominal pressure mechanism for stabilizing the lumbar spine. J Biomech 32: 13-17, 1999.

257.       Christensen KP. Arthroscopic vs open Bankart procedures: a comparison of early morbidity and complications. Arthroscopy. 1993;9:371–174.

258.       Christensen L L, Djurhuus J C, Constantinou C E 1995 Imaging of pelvic floor contractions using MRI.  Neurourology and Urodynamics 14: 209

259.       Cibulka MT, Delitto A, Koldehoff RM. Changes in innominate tilt after manipulation of the sacroiliac joint in patients with low back pain: an experimental study. Phys Ther.1988 ;68:1359–1363

260.       Cibulka MT, Koldehoff R, Clinical usefulness of a cluster of sacroiliac joint tests in patients with and without low back pain, J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1999 Feb;29(2):83-9; discussion 90-2

261.       Cibulka MT, Sinacore DR, Cromer GS, Delitto A. Unilateral hip rotation range-of-motion asymmetry in patients with sacroiliac joint regional pain. Spine 1998;23(9):1009-15.

262.       Cibulka MT. The treatment of the sacroiliac joint component to low back pain: a case report. Phys Ther.1992 ;72:917–922

263.       Cifaldi Collins D, Schwarze L: Early progressive resistance following immobilization of flexor tendon repairs, J Hand Ther 4:111, 1991

264.       CIPIRIANI D.: Open and closed chain rehabilitation for the schoulder complex.   The athlete's schoulder, 577-588.

265.       Clancy WG, Heiden EA. Achilles tendinitis treatment in the athletes. Contemporary approaches to the Achilles tendon. Foot and Ankle Clinics 1997;2:429–38.

266.       Clancy WG. Runners' injuries. Part two. Evaluation and treatment of specific injuries. Am J Sports Med 1980;8:287–9.[Medline]

267.       Clancy WGJ, Neidhart D, Brand RL. Achilles tendonitis in runners: a report of five cases. Am J Sports Med 1976;4:46–57.[Abstract]

268.       Clement DB, Taunton JE, Smart GW. Achilles tendinitis and peritendinitis: etiology and treatment. Am J Sports Med 1984;12:179–84.[Abstract]

269.       CODMAN E.A.: The shoulder.  New York: Medical Publishers, 1934.

270.       Cogley RM, Archambault TA, Fibeger JF, Koverman MM, Youdas JW, Hollman JH.,(2005)Comparison of muscle activation using various hand positions during the push-up exercise. J Strength Cond Res. 2005 Aug;19(3):628-33.

271.       Colachis S C, Worden R E, Bechtol C O, Strohm B R 1963 Movement of the sacroiliac joint in the adult male: a preliminary report. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 44:490

272.       Cole A, Johnson JN, Fredericson M: Injury incidence in competitive swimmers. Presented at USA Sports Medicine Society and American Swim Coaches Association meeting; September 7, 2002; Las Vegas

273.       Coleman BD, Khan KM, Kiss ZS, et al: Outcomes of open and arthroscopic patellar tenotomy for chronic patellar tendinopathy: a retrospective study. Am J Sports Med 2000;28(2):183-190

274.       Coleman BD, Khan KM, Maffulli N, et al: Studies of surgical outcome after patellar tendinopathy: clinical significance of methodological deficiencies and guidelines for future studies: Victorian Institute of Sport Tendon Study Group. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2000;10(1):2-11

275.       Comerford M 1997 Dynamic Stabilisation - evidence of muscle dysfunction British Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine Society of Orthopaedic Medicine Conference London

276.       Comerford M J & Mottram S L 2004 Dynamic Stability and Muscle Balance of the Cervical Spine: Kinetic Control Movement Dysfunction Course Kinetic Control UK

277.       Comerford M J & Mottram S L 2004 Dynamic Stability and Muscle Balance of the Lumbar Spine and Trunk: Kinetic Control Movement Dysfunction Course Kinetic Control UK.

278.       Comerford M J & Mottram S L 2004 Dynamic Stability and Muscle Balance of the Shoulder Girdle: Kinetic Control Movement Dysfunction Course Kinetic Control UK

279.       Comerford M J & Mottram S L 2004 –The Integration of Dynamic Stability and Muscle Balance Concepts into Clinical Problem Solving: Kinetic Control Movement Dysfunction Course Kinetic Control UK

280.       Comerford M J 2001 What comes 1st – The pain or the dysfunction? – Integration of local and global stability systems in rehab Proceeding 1st International Conference on Movement Dysfunction Edinburgh UK

281.       Comerford M J 2004 Advanced Rehab of Sacro-iliac Stability Dysfunction: Kinetic Control Movement Dysfunction Course Kinetic Control UK

282.       Comerford M J 2004 Dynamic Stability & Muscle Balance - Return to Work and Return to Sport: Kinetic Control Movement Dysfunction Course Kinetic Control UK

283.       Comerford M J 2004 Dynamic Stability and Muscle Balance of the Lower Quadrant: Kinetic Control Movement Dysfunction Course Kinetic Control UK

284.       Comerford M J 2004 Dynamic Stability and Muscle Balance of the Sacro-iliac Joint and Pelvis: Kinetic Control Movement Dysfunction Course Kinetic Control UK

285.       Comerford M J 2004 The Integration of Myofascial Trigger Points into the Management of Movement Dysfunction: Kinetic Control Movement Dysfunction Course Kinetic Control UK

286.       Comerford M J, Mottram S L 2001 Functional stability retraining: Principles & strategies for managing mechanical dysfunction  Manual Therapy 6(1): 3-14

287.       Comerford M J, Mottram S L 2001 Movement and stability dysfunction – contemporary developments Manual Therapy 6(1): 15-26

288.       Comerford M J, Mottram S L 2001 Movement and stability dysfunction – contemporary developments. Manual Therapy 6(1):15

289.       Connolly JF. Fractures and Dislocations, Closed Management. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1995.

290.       CONROY DOUGLAS E., MS PT, ATC, HAYES KAREN W., PhD, PT: The effect of joint mobilization as a component of comprehensive treatment for primary schoulder-impingement syndrome. Willens and Wilkens, JOSPT, vol.28, number 1, July 1998, 3-13.

291.       Constantinou C E, Govan D E 1982 Spatial distribution and timing of transmitted and reflexly generated urethral pressures in healthy women. Journal of Urology 127:964

292.       Cook A, Gorman I, Morris J. Evaluation of the neutral position of the subtalar joint. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 1988;78(9):449-451.

293.       Cook G, Burton L, Fields K. Reactive Neuromuscular Training for ACL Deficient Knee: Case Report Journal of Athletic Training, 34:2, 1999.

294.       Cook G, Fields K, Burton L. Where Flexibility Meets Football. Train Cond.1997;7;49-55.

295.       Cook G, Fields K, Conca S. Strength and Conditioning for Baseball: A Functional Approach. Train Cond. 1998

296.       Cook G, Fields K. Functional Training for the Torso. Strength & Conditioning.19:2;14-19,1997.

297.       Cook JL, Khan KM, Harcourt PR, et al. A cross sectional study of 100 athletes with jumper’s knee managed conservatively and surgically. The Victorian Institute of Sport Tendon Study Group. Br J Sports Med 1997;31:332–6.[Abstract]

298.       Cook JL, Khan KM, Harcourt PR, et al. Patellar tendon ultrasonography in asymptomatic active athletes reveals hypoechoic regions: a study of 320 tendons. Victorian Institute of Sport Tendon Study Group. Clin J Sport Med 1998;8:73–7.[Medline]

299.       Cook JL, Khan KM, Harcourt PR, et al: Patellar tendon ultrasonography in asymptomatic active athletes reveals hypoechoic regions: a study of 320 tendons: Victorian Institute of Sport Tendon Study Group. Clin J Sport Med 1998;8(2):73-77

300.       Cook JL, Khan KM, Kiss ZS, et al. Reproducibility and clinical utility of tendon palpation to detect patellar tendinopathy in young basketball players. Victorian Institute of Sport tendon study group. Br J Sports Med 2001;35:65–9.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

301.       Cook, G, Burton, L, Kiesel, K, Van Allen, J- "The Functional Movement Screen, Upper and Lower Quarter Applications", March 14-15, 1999; Sioux Falls, South Dakota,

302.       Cook, G, Voight, M. Essentials in Functional Exercise: A Four-Step Clinical Model for Therapeutic Exercise Prescription. In: Prentice, WE, Voight MI, eds. Techniques in Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Inc; 2001: 387-410.

303.       Cook, G. "Weak Links: Screening an athlete's movement patterns for weak links can boost your rehab and training efforts" Train Cond. 12:3; 29-37,2002.

304.       Cook, G. Baseline Sports-Fitness Testing. In: B. Foran, eds. High Performance Sports Conditioning. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Inc; 2001: 19-47.

305.       Cools AM, 1, Johansson FR,Cambier DC, Vande Velde A., Palmans T, Witvrouw EE, Descriptive profile of scapulothoracic position, strength and flexibility variables in adolescent elite tennis players, Br J Sports Med 2010;44:678-684

306.       Cooper R G, St Clair Forbes W, Jayson M I V  1992  Radiographic demonstration of paraspinal muscle wasting in patients with chronic low back pain  J Rheumatology  31:389-94

307.       Cooperman J M, Riddle D L, Rothstein J M 1990 Reliability and validity of judgments of the integrity of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee using the Lachman’s test. Physical Therapy 70(4):225

308.       CORSO G. 1996 De inklemmingstest: een aanvullende procedure voor de traditionele beoordeling van het schouderinklemmingssyndroom.  Stimulus, 15e jaargang, nummer 4, , 406-423.

309.       Cote K. P., Brunet M. E., Gansneder B. M., Shultz S. J. Effects of Pronated and Supinated Foot Postures on Static and Dynamic Postural Stability. J Athl Train. Mar 2005;40(1):41-46.

310.       Cott C, Finch E, Gasner D, Yoshida K, thomas S, Verrier M. The movement continuüm theory of Physical Therapy. Physiother Canada 1995;Vol.47; 2: 87-95.

311.       Counsilman JE: Competitive Swimming Manual for Coaches and Swimmers. Bloomington, IN, Counsilman Co, 1977

312.       Cowan S M.  2000  Delayed onset of electromyographic activity of vastus medalis obliquus relative to vastus lateralis in subjects with patellofemoral pain syndrome  Arch Phys Med Rehabil  82:183-9

313.       Cowan SM, Bennell KL, Crossley KM, et al: Physical therapy alters recruitment of the vasti in patellofemoral pain syndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2002;34(12):1879-1885

314.       Cox W, Nirschl RP, Kraushaar BS: New anterolateral approach in the treatment of elbow contractures. Read before the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons annual meeting, Atlanta, February 1996

315.       Craig J et al. (2001).  Biomechanics of the shoulder.  In Nordin M & Frankel VH: Basic Biomechanics of the Musculoskeletal System.  Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Chapter 12, pp.318-339

316.       Crawford NR, Peles JD, Dickman CA 1998 The spinal lax zone and neutral zone: measurement techniques and parameter comparisons Journal of Spinal disorders 11(5): 416-429

317.       Cresswell A 1993 Responses of intra-abdominal pressure and abdominal muscle activity during dynamic loading in man.  European Journal of Applied Physiology 66:315

318.       Cresswell, AG, Grundstrom H, and Thorstensson A. 1992 Observations on intra-abdominal pressure and patterns of abdominal intra-muscular activity in man. Acta Physiol Scand 144: 409-418,.

319.       Creswell AG, Oddsson L, Thorstensson A. The influence of sudden perturbations on trunk muscle activity and intra-abdominal pressure while standing. Exp Brain Res 1994;98:336-41.

320.       Crisco J, Panjabi M 1991 The intersegmental and multisegmental muscles of the lumbar spine: A biomechanical model comparing lateral stabilising potential Spine 16: 793-799

321.       Crock H V 1980 An atlas of the arterial supply of the head and neck of the femur in man. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 152:17

322.       Croft P R, Papageorgiou A C, Thomas E, et al 1999 Short term physical risk factors for new episodes of low back pain   prospective evidence from the South Manchester Back Pain Study Spine 24(15): 1556-61

323.       Crosbie J, McConnell J (Eds) 1993 Key Issues in Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy Butterworth Heineman.

324.       Cummins EJ, Anson BJ, Carr BW, et al. The structure of the calcaneal tendon (of Achilles) in relation to orthopaedic surgery. With additional observation on the plantaris muscle. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1946;83:107–16.

325.       Curwin SL, Stanish WD: Tendinitis: Its Etiology and Treatment. Toronto, Collamore Press, 1984

326.       Cusick, B.D., & Stuberg, W.A. (1992). Assessment of lower-extremity alignment in the transverse plane: Implications for management of children with neuromotor dysfunction. Physical Therapy, 72, 3-15.

327.       Cyriax J 1954 Textbook of orthopaedic medicine. Cassell, London

328.       Cyriax J, Cyriax P 1996 Cyriax’s Illustrated Manual of orthopaedic Medicine. 2nd edition Butterworth Heinemann

329.       Cyriax J. Manipulation trials. BMJ 1980;280:111.

330.       DaCruz DJ, Geeson M, Allen MJ, et al. Achilles paratendonitis: an evaluation of steroid injection. Br J Sports Med 1988;22:64–5.[Abstract]

331.       Dahners LE, Gilbert JA, Lester GE, et al: The effect of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug on the healing of ligaments. Am J Sports Med 1988;16(6):641-646

332.       Dalton E: Myoskeletal Alignment Therapist Course manual. Freedom from pain institute Oklahoma 1998

333.       Damen L, Buyruk H M, Guler-Uysal F, Lotgering F K, Snijders C J, Stam H J 2002b Prognostic value of asymmetric laxity of the sacroiliac joints in pregnancy-related pelvic pain. Spine 27(24):2820

334.       Damen L, Buyruk H M, Guler-Uysal F, Snijders C J, Lotgering F K, Stam H J 2001 Pelvic Pain during pregnancy is associated with asymmetric laxity of the sacroiliac joints.  Acta Obstetrics Gynecologica Scandanavia 80:1019

335.       Damen L, Mens J M A, Snijders C J, Stam J H 2002d The mechanical effects of a pelvic belt in patients with pregnancy-related pelvic pain. PhD thesis, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Holland

336.       Damen L, Spoor C W, Snijders C J, Stam H J 2002c Does a pelvic belt influence sacroiliac joint laxity?  Clinical Biomechanics 17(7):495

337.       Damen L, Stijnen T, Roebroeck M E, Snijders C J, Stam J H 2002a Reliability of sacroiliac joint laxity measurement with Doppler imaging of vibrations. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology 28:407

338.       Dangaria T, Naesh O 1998 Changes in cross-sectional area of psoas major muscle in unilateral sciatic caused by disc herniation.  Spine 23(8):928-931

339.       Danneels L A, Vanderstraeten G G, Cambier D C, Witvrouw E E, De Cuyper H J 2000 CT imaging of trunk muscles in chronic low back pain patients and healthy control subjects.  European Spine 9(4):266

340.       Danneels L A, Vanderstraeten G, Cambier D, Witvrouw E, Raes H, de Cuyper H 2001a A randomized clinical trial of three rehabilitation programs for the lumbar multifidus in patients with chronic low back pain.  In: Proceedings from the 4th Interdisciplinary World Congress on Low Back & Pelvic Pain.  Montreal, Canada

341.       Danneels L, Vanderstraeten G, Cambier D, et al. 2001b Effects of three different training modalities on the cross sectional area of the lumbar multifidus in patients with chronic low back pain. Br J Sports Med;35:186–91.

342.       Danneels LA, Coorevits PL, Cools AM, Vanderstraeten GG, Cambier DC, Witvrouw EE, De CH 2002 Differences in electromyographic activity in the multifidus muscle and the iliocostalis lumborum between healthy subjects and patients with sub-acute and chronic low back pain Eur Spine J 11(1): 13-9.

343.       Dannenberg HJ. Lower back pain as a gait-related repetitive motion injury. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R, editors. Movement stability and low back pain. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1997.  p. 253–67.

344.       David G, Magarey M, Jones M A, Dvir Z, Turker K S, Sharpe M 2000 EMG and strength correlates of selected shoulder muscles during rotations of the glenohumeral joint. Clinical Biomechanics 15:95-102

345.       Davidson CJ, Ganion LR, Gehlsen GM, et al. Rat tendon morphologic and functional changes resulting from soft tissue mobilization. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1997;29:313–19.[Medline]

346.       Davies P 1990 Right in the Middle Springer-Verlag

347.       Davies, Andrew P,  Costa, Matthew L,  Donnell, Simon T,  Glasgow, Malcolm M,  Shepstone, Lee, Nov 2000, The sulcus angle and malalignment of the extensor mechanism of the knee, Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery

348.       DAVIS K. E., DONATELLI R. A.: Strengthening exercises. 365-373.

349.       Davis, PR. Variations of intra-abdominal pressure during weight lifting in various postures (Abstract). J Anat 90: 601, 1956.

350.       Davlin, C. D., Dynamic balance in high level athletes, Perceptual and Motor Skills 98, 1171-1176 (2004)

351.       DE CONINCK S.: Klinisch onderzoek van de schouder: spreken kinesitherapeuten dezelfde taal?  Tijdschrift voor Fysische therapie, 1999, Nr. 3, 6-10.

352.       DE CONINCK S.: Klinisch onderzoek van de schouder: spreken kinesitherapeuten dezelfde taal?  Tijdschrift voor Fysische therapie, 1999, Nr. 3, 6-10.

353.       De Diemerbroeck I 1689 The anatomy of human bodies. Translated by W Salmon Brewster, London

354.       De Faria Negrao Filho R, Berzin F, Da Cunha Souza G. Electromyography study of the portions of the abdominal rectus muscle. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1997;37:491-501.

355.       de Lorme TL, Ten-repetition Maximum, Jornal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Vol XXVII, No 4, 1945

356.       De Luca CJ. The use of surface electromyography in biomechanics. J Appl Biomech. 1997;13:135-163.

357.       de Oliveira CB, de Medeiros, Frota, Greters,. Conforto, Balance control in hemiparetic stroke patients: Main tools for evaluation, JRRD, Volume 45 Number 8, 2008 ,pp 1215 — 1226

358.       DeLancey J O L, 1994 Structural support of the urethra as it relates to stress urinary incontinence: The hammock hypothesis.  American Journal Obstetrics Gynecology 170(6):1713

359.       DELANGHE J.P.: cursus hydrotherapie, 1998-1999

360.       Della Valle CJ, Rokito AS, Birdzell MG, et al: Biomechanics of the shoulder, in Nordin M, Frankel VH (eds): Basic Biomechanics of the Musculoskeletal System. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2001, pp 318-339

361.       Denneman H, Stam G., (2008), Provocatietesten en Mobiliteitstesten van het SI-gewricht: Validiteit & Betrouwbaarheid

362.       DeRosa C 2001 Functional anatomy of the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joint.  In: Proceedings from the 4th – Montreal proceedings Interdisciplinary World Congress on Low Back & Pelvic Pain.  Montreal, Canada

363.       DeTroyer AD 1989 The mechanism of the inspiratory expansion of the rib cage. Journal Laboratory Clinical Medicine 114(2):97

364.       DeTroyer, A, and Estenne M. Functional anatomy of the respiratory muscles. In: Respiratory Muscles: Function in Health and Disease, edited by Belman MJ.. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders, 1988, p. 175-195.

365.       DeTroyer, A, Estenne M, Ninane V, Van Gansbeke D, and Gorini M. Transversus abdominis muscle function in humans. J Appl Physiol 68: 1010-1016, 1990.

366.       DeTroyer, A, Leeper JB, McKenzie DK, and Gandevia SC. Neural drive to the diaphragm in patients with severe COPD. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 155: 1335-1340, 1997.

367.       Deutsch AL, Lund PJ, Mink JH. MR imaging and diagnostic ultrasound in the evalution of achilles tendon disorders. Foot and Ankle Clinics 1997;2:391–409.

368.       DEWILDE L., VANDERSTRAETEN G., DE MUYNCK M., CRIELAARD J.M., DEVOS C. : De schouder :"Anatomie en Klinisch Onderzoek", CD-ROM, 1998

369.       Deyo RA et al. Cost, controversy, crises: low back pain and the health of the public. Annual Review of Public Health 12:141-156, 1991.

370.       DIERICKX C.: Instabiliteit: oorzaak van de probleemschouder. Dienst orthopedie Virga-Jesseziekenhuis, Hasselt, 1-5.

371.       Dietz H P, Steensma A B, Vancaillie T G 2003 Levator function in nulliparous women. International Urogynecological Journal 14:24

372.       Dietz H P, Wilson P D, Clarke B 2001 The use of perineal ultrasound to quantify levator activity and teach pelvic floor muscle exercises. International Urogynecological Journal Pelvic Floor Dysfunction. 12(3):166

373.       DiGiovanni BF, Gould JS. Achilles tendinitis and posterior heel disorders. Foot and Ankle Clinics 1997;2:411–28.

374.       Domholdt, E., Physical Therapy Research: Principles and Applications, W.B. Sauders Company, Philidelphia (USA), 2000.

375.       Donatelli R, Hurlbert C, Conaway D, St. Pierre R: Biomechanical foot orthotics: a retrospective study. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1988;10(6):205-212.

376.       DONATELLI R.A.: Physical Therapy of the shoulder. Clinics in Physical Therapy. Second Edition, 8-24.

377.       Donelson RG, Aprill C, Medcalf R, Grant WD.: A prospective study of centralisation of lumbar and referred pain: A predictor of symptomatic discs and anular competence. Spine, 1997;10:1115-23.

378.       Donelson RG, Aprill C, Medcalf R, Grant WD: A prospective study of centralisation of lumbar and referred pain: A predictor of symptomatic discs and anular competence. Spine, 1997;10:1115-23.

379.       Donelson RG, Grant WD, Kamps C et al: Low back pain and referred pain respose to mechanical lumbar movements in the frontal plane, ISSLS, 1991.

380.       Donelson RG, Silva G wt al: The centralisation phenomenon. Its usefulness in evaluating and treating referred pain. Spine, 1990,15;3:211-213.

381.       Donelson RG: Pain respons to saggital end range motion. A prospective randomized, multicentred trial. Spine,1991,16:6(S).

382.       DonTigny R L , Manual Therapy Rounds,  Journal of Manipulative and Manual Therapy, Vol 2, #4, 1994 pg 163-168 (http://physicaltherapy.about.com/library/bl/23HomeX.pdf)

383.       DonTigny R L 1985 Function and pathomechanics of the sacroiliac joint: a review. Physical Therapy 65:35

384.       DonTigny R L 1990 Anterior dysfunction of the sacroiliac joint as a major factor in the etiology of idiopathic low back pain syndrome. Physical Therapy 70:250

385.       DonTigny R L 1997 Mechanics and treatment of the sacroiliac joint. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R (eds) Movement, stability and low back pain. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 461

386.       DonTigny R L 1999 Mechanics and treatment of the sacroiliac joint J Manual & Manipulative Therapy 1(1): 3-12

387.       DonTigny, RL: A detailed and critical biomechanical analysis of the sacroiliac joints and relevant kinesiology. The implications for lumbopelvic function and dysfunction. In Vleeming A, Mooney V, and Stoeckart R (eds): Movement, Stability & Lumbopelvic Pain: Integration of Research and Therapy. Churchill Livingstone, 2 edition, Chapter 18, pp 265-278, 2007

388.       DonTigny, RL: Critical analysis of the functional dynamics of the sacroiliac joints as they pertain to normal gait. J of Orthopaedic Medicine (UK) 27:3-10, 2005

389.       Dorland’s Illustrated Medical Dictionary, 24th ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 1965.

390.       Dorman T 1994 Failure of self bracing at the sacroiliac joint: The slipping clutch syndrome.  Journal of Orthopaedic Medicine 16:49

391.       Dorman T 1997 Pelvic mechanics and prolotherapy. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C,  Stoeckart R (eds) Movement, stability and low back pain. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 501

392.       Doucette SA, Child DD: The effect of open and closed chain exercise and knee joint position on patellar tracking in lateral patellar compression syndrome. J Othrop Sports

393.       Doucette SA, Goble EM: The effect of exercise on patellar tracking in lateral patellar compression syndrome. Am J Sports Med 1992;20(4):434-440

394.       Downey, CA  (1989). Observational Gait Analysis Handbook. Downey, CA: Professional Staff Association of Rancho Los Amigos Medical Center.

395.       Dreyfuss P, Dreyer S, Griffin J, Hoffman J, Walsh N 1994 Positive sacroiliac screening tests in asymptomatic adults. Spine 19:1138

396.       Dreyfuss P, Michaelsen M, Pauza D, McLarty J, Bogduk N 1996 The value of history and physical examination in diagnosing sacroiliac joint pain. Spine 21:2594

397.       Duchateau J, Declety A, Lejour M. Innervation of the rectus abdominis muscle: implication for rectus flaps. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1998;82:223-227.

398.       Dunbar, D. C., Horak, F. B. and Macpherson, J. M., Neural control of quadrupedal and bipedal stance- implications for the evolution of erect posture, American Journal of Physical Anthropology 69, 93-105 (1986)

399.       Duncan PW, Weiner DK, Chandler J, Studenski S. Functional reach: a new clinical measure of balance. J Gerontol. 1990;45:M192-197.

400.       Dvir Z, Berme N: The shoulder complex in elevation of the arm: a mechanism approach. J Biomech 1978;11(5):219-225

401.       Dvorak J, Dvorak V 1990 Manual Medicine: Diagnostics 2nd revised edition Thieme

402.       Earl JE, Hertel J. Lower-extremity muscle activation during the Star Excursion Balance Tests. J Sport Rehabil. 2001;10:93-104.

403.       Earl JE, Schmitz RJ, Arnold BL. Activation of the VMO and VL during dynamic mini-squat exercises with and without isometric hip adduction. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. Dec 2001;11(6):381-6. [Medline].

404.       EB PRODUCTS. Patient exercise manual, 20 minute workout tape, physical capacity tests workbook.

405.       Eccles J C, Eccles R M & Lundberg A 1957 The convergence of monosynaptic excitatory afferents onto many different species of alpha motorneurons J Physiology London 137:22-50

406.       Eccles J C, Eccles R M, Lundberg A  1958  The action potential of alpha potentials of alpha motoneurones supplying fast and slow muscle  J Physiol (Lond)  142:272-91

407.       Edgar D, Jull G, Sutton S. 1994 The relationship between upper trapezius muscle length and upper quadrant neural tissue extensibility Australian J Physiotherapy 40:99-103

408.       Egund N, Olsson T H, Schmid H 1978 Movements in the sacro-iliac joints demonstrated with roentgen stereophotogrammetry. Acta Radiologica 19:833

409.       El Hawary R, Stanish WD, Curwin SL. Rehabilitation of tendon injuries in sport. Sports Med 1997;24:347–58.[Medline]

410.       Ellenbecker TS, Mattalino AJ. Glenohumeral joint range of motion and rotator cuff strength following arthroscopic anterior stabilization with thermal capsulorraphy. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1999;29:160 –167.

411.       Elveru RA, Rothstein JM, Lamb RL, Riddle DL. Methods for taking subtalar joint measurements. A clinical report. Phys Ther 1998;68(5):678-682.

412.       Elvey R L 1995 Peripheral neuropathic disorders and neuromusculoskeletal pain In Shacklock M (ed.) 1995 Moving in on Pain Butterworth Heinemann

413.       Elvey R L 1998 The Physical Evaluation and Treatment of Neural Tissue Course notes. Southampton University

414.       Eng JJ, Pierrynowski MR. Evaluation of soft foot orthotics in the treatment of patellofemoral pain syndrome. Phys Ther 1993;73:62-70.

415.       Eng, JJ, Winter DA, MacKinnon CD, and Patla AE. Interaction of the reactive moments and centre of mass displacement for postural control during voluntary arm movements. Neurosci Res Commun 11: 73-80, 1992.

416.       English T., Howe K. The effect of Pilates exercise on trunk and postural stability and throwing velocity in college baseball pitchers: single subject design. NAJSPT. 2007;2(1):8-19.

417.       Enoka RM and Stuart DG 1992 Neurobiology of muscle fatigue Journal of Applied Physiology 72 (5): 1631-1648

418.       Enwemeka CS. The effects of therapeutic ultrasound on tendon healing. A biomechanical study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 1989;68:283–7.[Medline]

419.       Erickson SJ, Cox IH, Hyde JS, et al. Effect of tendon orientation on MR imaging signal intensity: a manifestation of the "magic angle" phenomenon. Radiology 1991;181:389–92.[Abstract]

420.       Escamilla RF, Fleisig GS, Zheng N, Barrentine SW, Wilk KE, Andrews JR: Biomechanics of the knee during closed kinetic chain and open kinetic chain exercises. Med Sci Sport Exer 30:556, 1998

421.       Evans RB, Thompson DE: The application of force to the healing tendon, J Hand Ther 6:266, 1993

422.       Eversull EbS, Solomonow M, Bing He Zhou EE, Baratta RV, Meng-Ping Zhu MS 2001 Neuromuscular neutral zones sensitivity to lumbar displacement rate Clinical Biomechanics 16:102-113

423.       Faflia C P, Prassopoulos P K, Daskalogiannaki M E, Gourtsoyiannis N C 1998 Variation in the appearance of the normal sacroiliac joint on pelvic CT. Clinical Radiology 53(10):742

424.       Fantl J A, Newman D K, Colling J et al 1996 Managing acute and chronic urinary incontinence, clinical practice guideline. No 2. Rockville MD, US Dept. Health and Human Services

425.       Farfan H F 1973 Mechanical disorders of the low back. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia

426.       Farfan H F 1978 The biomechanical advantage of lordosis and hip extension for upright activity. Spine 3:336

427.       Farrell J, Drye C, Koury M 1994 Therapeutic exercise for back pain.  In: Twomey L T & Taylor J R (eds) Physical therapy of the low back, 2nd edn.  Churchill Livingstone, New York, p 379

428.       FAVARD L., ROSSET Ph.: Het anterieure inklemmingssyndroom van de schouder.Tempo Medical, okt. 1989, 99-102.

429.       Fennell AJ, Jones PJ Hukins DWL.: Migration of the nucleus pulposus within the intervertebral disc during flexion and extension of the spine. Spine, 21;23:2753-57

430.       Fennell AJ.: Movement of the nucleus pulposus within the intervertebral disc during flexion/extension of the back. Manchester University, 1995, Thesis Master of science.

431.       Fenwick SA , Hazleman BL & Riley GP. The vasculature and its role in the damaged and healing tendon. 2002, Arthritis Res.; 4(4): 252–260.

432.       Ferguson, S.A., Marras, W.S. (1997) A literature review of low back disorder surveillance measures and risk factors. Clin. Biomech. 12(4): 211-226.

433.       Fetto JF, Marshall JL: Medial collateral ligament injuries of the knee: a rationale for treatment. Clin Orthop 1978;May(132):206-218

434.       Field LD, Altchek DW. Elbow injuries. Clin Sports Med 1995;14:59-78.

435.       Fields K, Cook G. Considering All Angles. Train Cond. 1997.

436.       Finley FR, Cody K, Finizie R. Locomotive patterns in elderly women. Arch Phys Med Rehab 1969;50:140-6.

437.       Finnoff JT, Peterson VJ, Hollman JH & Smith J, Intrarater and Interrater Reliability of the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) , PM&R , Volume 1, Issue 1, January 2009, Pages 50-54

438.       Fithian DC, Powers CM, Khan Najeeb, Rehabilitation of the Knee After Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction, Clin Sports Med 29 (2010) 283–290

439.       Flatow EL, Warner JJP: Instability of the shoulder: complex problems and failed repairs. Part 1: relevant biomechanics, multidirectional instability, and severe loss of glenoid and humeral bone J Bone Joint Surg Am 1998;80(1):122-140

440.       Foley, B.S., Buschbacher, R.M. Sacroiliac Joint Pain: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Diagnosis, and Treatment. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 2006;85(12):997-1006.

441.       Ford DH, Post WR: Open or arthroscopic lateral release: indications, techniques, and rehabilitation. Clin Sports Med 1997;16(1):29-49

442.       Fordyce WE (editor) et al. Back pain in the workplace. Management of disability in nonspecific conditions. A report of the Task Force on Pain in the Workplace of the International Association for the Study of Pain. IASP Press, Seattle WA, USA, 1995.

443.       Forst, S.L., Wheeler, M.T., Fortin, J.D., Vilensky, J.A. The Sacroiliac Joint: Anatomy, Physiology and Clinical Significance. Pain Physician, 2006;9(1):61- 68.

444.       Forthomme B, Crielaard J, Croisier J., Scapular Positioning in Athlete’s Shoulder, Particularities, Clinical Measurements and Implications, Sports Med 2008; 38 (5): 369-386

445.       Fortin J D, Dwyer A, Aprill C, Ponthieux B, Pier J 1994b Sacroiliac joint pain referral patterns. II: Clinical evaluation. Spine 19(13):1483

446.       Fortin J D, Dwyer A, West S, Pier J 1994a Sacroiliac joint pain referral patterns upon application of a new injection/arthrography technique. I: Asymptomatic volunteers. Spine 19(13):1475

447.       Fortin J D, Kissling R O, O’Connor B L, Vilensky J A 1999 Sacroiliac joint innervation and pain. The American Journal of Orthopaedics. December, p 687

448.       Fortin J D, Pier J, Falco F 1997 Sacroiliac joint injection: pain referral mapping and arthrographic findings. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R (eds) Movement, stability and low back pain. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 271

449.       Fortin JD, Aprill CN, Ponthieux B, Pier J, Sacroiliac joint: pain referral maps upon applying a new injection/arthrography technique, Spine. 1994 Jul 1;19(13):1475-89

450.       Fox JM, Blazina ME, Jobe FW, et al. Degeneration and rupture of the Achilles tendon. Clin Orthop 1975;107:221–4.[Medline]

451.       Foxhoven, B.; Plate, P.: Athletes with back pain-a trunk stabilization program. Strength and Conditioning (August 1996), 69-73

452.       Franklin E 1996 Dynamic alignment through imagery. Human Kinetics. Illinois

453.       Freburger, J.K., Riddle, D.L. Using Published Evidence to Guide the Examination of the Sacroiliac Joint Region. Physical Therapy, 2001;81:1135-1143.

454.       Fredberg U , Bolvig L. Jumper’s knee. Review of the literature. Scand J Med Sci Sports 1999;9:66–73.[Medline]

455.       Freeman MAR, Wyche B. Articular contributions to limb reflexes. Br J Surg. 1966;53:61-69.

456.       Freeman S, Karpowicz A, Gray J, McGill S. (2006) Quantifying muscle patterns and spine load during various forms of the push-up. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006 Mar;38(3):570-7.

457.       Frelic DC, Morrey BF: Evaluation of the painful elbow: the problem elbow, in Morrey BF (ed): The Elbow and Its Disorders, ed 2. Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1993

458.       Fridén T, Roberts D, Zätterström R, Lindstrand A, Moritz U. Proprioception in the nearly extended knee. Measurements of position and movement in healthy individuals and in symptomatic anterior cruciate ligament injured patients. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 1996;4(4):217–224. [PubMed]

459.       Friedman RJ, Blocker ER, Morrow DL. Glenohumeral instability. J South Ortho Assoc 1995 Fall;4:182-99.

460.       Friedrich T, Schmidt W, Jungmichel D, et al. Histopathology in rabbit Achilles tendon after operative tenolysis (longitudinal fiber incisions). Scand J Med Sci Sports 2001;11:4–8.[Medline]

461.       Frieman BG, Albert TJ, Fenlin JM Jr. Rotator cuff disease: a review of diagnosis, pathophysiology, and current trends in treatment. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1994;75:604-9.

462.       Frohm A, Saartok T, Halvorsen K, Renström P., Eccentric treatment for patellar tendinopathy: a prospective randomised short-term pilot study of two rehabilitation protocols. Br J Sports Med. 2007 Jul;41(7):e7. Epub 2007 Feb 8.

463.       Fryette H H 1954 Principles of osteopathic technique. American Academy of Osteopathy, Colorado

464.       Frymoyer JW and Cats-Baril WL. An overview of the incidence and costs of low back pain. Orthopedic Clinics of North America, 22:263-271, 1991a.

465.       Frymoyer JW, Haldeman S, Weinstein JN, Wiesel SW, Shekelle P. Indications and results of manipulative treatment for low back pain. AAOS meeting, Anaheim CA, 1991b, abst 163.

466.       Fu F, Harner C, Johnson D, et al: Biomechanics of knee ligaments: basic concepts and clinical application, in Schafer M (ed): Instructional Course Lectures, Volume 43. Chicago, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 1994, pp 137-148

467.       Fu FH, moderator. Symposium: controversies in reconstruction of the unstable shoulder: mobility versus instability, Part 1. Reprinted from Contemp Orthop, March 1993;26(3).

468.       Fu FH, Seel MJ, Berger RA: Patellofemoral biomechanics, in Fox JM, Del Pizzo W (eds): The Patellofemoral Joint. New York City, McGraw-Hill, 1993, pp 49-62

469.       Fu SC, Wang W, Pau HM, et al. Increased expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 in patellar tendinosis. Clin Orthop 2002;400:174–83.[Medline]

470.       Fukashiro S, Komi PV, Jarvinen M, et al. In vivo Achilles tendon loading during jumping in humans. Eur J Appl Physiol 1995;71:453–8.

471.       Fukuda Ty, Rossetto FM, Magalhães E, Bryk FF,Lucareli PRG ,de Almeida N,Carvalho A, Short-Term Effects of Hip Abductors and Lateral Rotators Strengthening in Females With Patellofem

472.       Fulkerson JP, Buuck DA, Post WR: Disorders of the Patellofemoral Joint, ed 3. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1997

473.       Fulkerson JP: Diagnosis and treatment of patients with patellofemoral pain. Am J Sports Med 2002;30(3):447-456

474.       Fyfe I, Stanish WD. The use of eccentric training and stretching in the treatment and prevention of tendon injuries. Clin Sports Med 1992;11:601–24.[Medline]

475.       Gage, J.R. (1990). An overview of normal walking. Instructional Course Lectures, 39,, 291-303.

476.       Gagliardi JA, Chung EM, Chandnani VP, et al. Detection and staging of chondromalacia patellae: relative efficacies of conventional MR imaging, MR arthrography, and CT arthrography. AJR Am J Roentgenol. Sep 1994;163(3):629-36. [Medline].

477.       Galea A, Albers J. Patellofemoral pain — beyond empirical diagnosis. Physician Sports Med 1994;22(4):48-58.

478.       Galea AM, Albers JM. Patello-femoral pain: targeting the cause. Phys Sports Med 1994;22.

479.       Galea, M. (2004). The effect of pain on motor control. Grieve's modern manual therapy: the vertebral column. J. D. Boyling, Jull, G.A, Twomey, L.T. New York, Churchill Livingstone: 173-186.

480.       Gallaspy J. and May D. (1995) Signs and Symptoms of Athletic Injuries St. Louis: Mosby.

481.       Gallo M L, Staskin D R. 1997 Cues to action pelvic floor muscle exercise compliance in women with stress urinary incontinence Neurourology & Urodynamics 16:167-77

482.       Gambardella RA: Technical pitfalls of patellofemoral surgery. Clin Sports Med 1999;18(4):897-903

483.       Gamble J G, Simmons S C, Freedman M 1986 The symphysis pubis.  Anatomic and pathologic considerations. Clinical Orthopedics (203):261

484.       Gandevia S C 1982 The perception of motor commands or effort during muscular paralysis Brain 105; 151-159

485.       Gandevia S C 1992 Some central and peripheral factors affecting human motorneuronal output in neuromuscular fatigue. Sports Medicine 13(2):93

486.       Gandevia S C 1994 The sensation of effort co-varies with reflex effects on the motoneurone pool: evidence and implications International Journal of Industrial Ergomonics 13:41-49

487.       Gandevia S C 1999 Mind, muscles and motoneurones. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 2(3):167

488.       Gandevia S C and McCloskey D I 1977 Sensations of heaviness. Brain 100: 345-354

489.       Gandevia S C, Burke D. 1992 Does the nervous system depend on kinesthetic information to control natural limb movements? Behavorial Brain Science 15:614-32

490.       Gandevia S C, McCloskey D I, Burke D. 1992 Kinaesthetic signals and muscle contraction. Trends Neuroscience 15:62-5

491.       Gandevia SC 1987 Roles for perceived voluntary motor commands in motor control.  Trends in Neurosciences 10: 81-85

492.       Gauffin H, Tropp H, Odenrick P 1988. Effect of ankle disk training on postural control in patients with functional instability of the ankle joint. Int J Sports Med 9:141-144.

493.       Gehlsen GM, Ganion LR, Helfst R. Fibroblast responses to variation in soft tissue mobilization pressure. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999;31:531–5.[Medline]

494.       Gerich TG, Fu FH, Robbins PD, et al. Prospects for gene therapy in sports medicine. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 1996;4:180–7.[Medline]

495.       Gerich TG, Kang R, Fu FH, et al. Gene transfer to the rabbit patellar tendon: potential for genetic enhancement of tendon and ligament healing. Gene Therapy 1996;3:1089–93.[Medline]

496.       Gerritsen AA, de Vet HC, Scholten RJ, Bertelsmann FW, de Krom MC, Bouter LM. Splinting vs surgery in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Jama 2002;288(10):1245-51

497.       Gibb T D, Sidles J A, Harryman D T, et al 1991 The effect of capsular venting on glenohumeral laxity. Clin Orthop (268): 120-7

498.       Gibbon WW. Musculoskeletal ultrasound. Baillieres Clin Rheumatol 1996;10:561–88.[Medline]

499.       Gibbons S G 2001 Biomechanics and stability mechanisms of psoas major Proceedings 4th Interdisciplinary World Congress on Low Back & Pelvic Pain Montreal Canada ISBN 90-802551-1-4 (Eds Vleeming et al)

500.       Gibbons S G T, Comerford M J and Emerson P L 2002 Rehabilitation of the Stability Function of Psoas Major Orthopaedic Division Review  Jan/Feb. 7-16

501.       Gibbons S G, Comerford M J 2001 Strength versus stability - part 1 concept and terms Orthopaedic Division Review March/April: 21-27

502.       Gibbons S G, Comerford M J 2001 Strength versus stability - part 2; limitations and benefits Orthopaedic Division Review March/April: 28-33

503.       Gibbons S G, Mottram S L, Comerford M J  2001  Stability and movement dysfunction related to the elbow and forearm.  Orthopaedic Devision Review  September / October:15-33

504.       Gibbons S, Comerford M, Emerson P 2002 Rehabilitation of the stability function of psoas major.  Orthopaedic Division Review. Jan/Feb, p 9

505.       Gibbons SGT (2007) in Vleeming A, Mooney V, Stoeckart R. Movement, Stability & Lumbopelvic Pain: Integration of Research and Therapy, 2nd ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone (Elsevier), 2007:95-102.

506.       Gibbons SGT 1999 A review of the anatomy, physiology and function of psoas major: A new model of stability Proceedings of The 11th Annual Orthopaedic Symposium  Canadian Physiotherapy Association Orthopaedic Division Nov 6-7; Halifax, Canada

507.       Gibbons SGT 2001 Concepts in rehabilitation: Strength versus stability Proceedings of The 13th Annual Orthopaedic Symposium  Canadian Physiotherapy Association Orthopaedic Division May 11-13; Ottawa Canada

508.       Gibbons SGT 2001 Stability mechanisms and movement dysfunction of the forearm  Proceedings of  The 13th Annual Orthopaedic Symposium  Canadian Physiotherapy Association Orthopaedic Division May 11-13; Ottawa Canada

509.       Gibbons SGT 2001 The model of psoas major stability function  Proceedings of  The 1st International Conference on Movement Dysfunction September 21-23; Edinburgh Scotland

510.       Gibbons SGT 2004 A Hypothetical Link Between Psychosocial Factors, Pain and Sensory Motor Function using a Biomechanical Model of Psoas Major. MSc Thesis in Health Ergonomics, University of Surrey

511.       Gibbons SGT 2005 Anatomy and functional relations of psoas major. Submitted

512.       Gibbons SGT 2005 Muscle function – A critical Evaluation. Proceedings of: The 2nd International Conference on Movement Dysfunction. “Pain and Performance: Evidence & Effect”. September 23rd – 25th, Edinburgh, Scotland

513.       Gibbons SGT, Comerford MJ and Whalen B 2002 Inter and intra tester reliability of posterior psoas major Proceedings of The 13th Annual Orthopaedic Symposium  Canadian Physiotherapy Association Orthopaedic Division September 21-22; Saskatoon Canada

514.       Gibbons SGT, Comerford MJ, Emerson P 2002 Rehabilitation of the stability function of psoas major. Orthopaedic Division Review Jan / Feb: 7-16

515.       Gibbons SGT, Holmes MWR, Kean C et al 2005 Altered hip and trunk muscle recruitment in subjects with chronic low back pain during a specific exercise for the psoas major muscle. Submitted

516.       Gibbons SGT, Mottram SL 2004 Functional anatomy of gluteus maximus: Deep sacral gluteus maximus – a new muscle? Proceedings of: The 5th Interdisciplinary World Congress on Low Back Pain. November 7-11, Melbourne, Australia

517.       Gibson M.H, Goebel G.V, Jordan T.M, Kegerreis S, Worrell T.W. A reliability study of measurement techniques to determine static scapular position. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1995;21(2):100–106. [PubMed]

518.       Gifford L 1998 Pain the tissue and the nervous system: a conceptual model Physiotherapy 84(1): 27-33

519.       Gill K P, Callaghan M J 1998 The measurement of proprioception in individuals with and without low back pain. Spine 23(3): 371-7

520.       Gilmore K L 1986 Biomechanics of the lumbar motion segment. In: Grieve G P (ed) Modern manual therapy of the vertebral column. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 103

521.       Giummarra, M. J., Gibson, S.J., Georgiou-Karistianisa, N., Bradshawa, J.L. (2008). "Mechanisms underlying embodiment, disembodiment and loss of embodiment." Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews 32: 143-160.

522.       GLOUSMAN et al.: Dynamic EMG analysis of the throwing shoulder with glenohumeral instability. J. Bone Joint Surg. 1988, 70A, 220-223.

523.       GLOUSMAN et al.: Dynamic EMG analysis of the throwing shoulder with glenohumeral instability. J. Bone Joint Surg. 1988, 70A, 220-223.

524.       Glousman R, Jobe FW, Tibone J, Moynes D, Antonelli D, Perry J.,Dynamic electromyographic analysis of the throwing shoulder with glenohumeral instability. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1988;70:220-226

525.       Glousman RE. Instability versus impingement syndrome in the throwing athlete. Orthop Clin North Am 1993;24:89-99.

526.       Goff B 1972 The application of recent advances in neurophysiology to Miss R Rood's concept of neuromuscular facilitation Physiotherapy 58:2 409-415

527.       Gohlke F, Essigkrug B, Schmitz F 1994 The patterns of collagen fibre bundles of the capsule of the glenohumeral joint J Shoulder Elbow Surg 3:111-28

528.       Goldby L, Moore A, Doust J, Trew M, Lewis J 2001 A Randomised controlled trial investigating the efficacy of manual  therapy, exercises to rehabilitate spinal stabilisation and an education booklet in the conservative treatment of chronic low back disorder. 1st International Conference on Movement Dysfunction Edinburgh

529.       Goldspink G, Williams PE 1992 Muscle fibre and connective tissue changes associated with use and disuse In: Ada L & Canning C (Eds.)  Key Issues in Neurological Physiotherapy Butterworth Heinemann

530.       Goldspink, G. et al. (1992). Gene expression skeletal muscle in response to stretch and force generation. American Journal of Physiology,262, R356-R363

531.       Goldthwait J E, Osgood R B 1905 A consideration of the pelvic articulations from an anatomical, pathological and clinical standpoint. Boston Medical and Surgical Journal 152:593

532.       Goodall J 1979 Life and death at Gombe. National Geographic 155(5):592

533.       Gossman M R, Sahrmann S A, Rose S J  1982  Review of length-associated changes in muscle.  Physical Therapy 62(12): 1799-808

534.       Gossman, M.R., Sahrmann, S.A., & Rose, S.J. (1982). Review of length-associated changes in muscle: Experimental evidence and clinical implications. Physical Therapy, 62, 1799-1808.

535.       Gottschalk F, Kourosh S, Leveau B 1989 The functional anatomy of tensor fasciae latae and gluteus medius and minimus. Journal of Anatomy 166:179

536.       Gould, J. (1990) Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. St. Louis: Mosby

537.       Gracovetsky S 1990 Musculoskeletal function of the spine.  In: Multiple muscle systems: Biomechanics and Movement Organization.  Winters JM, Woo SLY (eds) Springer Verlag, New York

538.       Gracovetsky S and Kary M. The Spinoscope: a tool allowing the physician to objectively assess impairment, disability and capacity of the spine. J Insurance Medicine 20(3): 23-29.

539.       Gracovetsky S, and Newman N. General Comments about Dr. Leclaire’s Article and the “Point of View”. Letter to Editor of Spine. Spine 1997 22:360-361.

540.       Gracovetsky S, and Newman N. Performance of clinicians and machine in the assessment of low back dysfunction. Summary, Spinex Medical Technologies Inc., 1996a.

541.       Gracovetsky S, Farfan H F 1986 The optimum spine. Spine 11:543

542.       Gracovetsky S, Farfan H F, Lamy C 1981 The mechanism of the lumbar spine. Spine 6:249

543.       Gracovetsky S, Farfan H, Helluer C 1985 The abdominal mechanism. Spine 10:317

544.       Gracovetsky S, Newman N, Pawlowsky M, Lanzo V, Davey B and Robinson L. A database for estimating normal spinal motion derived from non-invasive measurements. Spine, 20:1036-1046, 1995.

545.       Gracovetsky S, Newman N, Richards M, Asselin S, Lanzo V and Marriott A. Discriminating power of clinicians and machine in the assessment of low back dysfunction. 1996c (manuscript in preparation).

546.       Gracovetsky S, Newman N, Richards M, Asselin S, Lanzo V and Marriott A. Evaluation of clinician and machine performance in the assessment of low back pain. 1996b (manuscript submitted to Spine).

547.       Gracovetsky S: Stability or controlled instability? In Vleeming A, Mooney V, and Stoeckart R (eds): Movement, Stability & Lumbopelvic Pain: Integration of Research and Therapy. Churchill Livingstone, 2 edition, Chapter 19, pp 278-294, 2007

548.       Graichen H, Bonel H, Stammberger T, et al: Three-dimensional analysis of the width of the subacromial space in healthy subjects and patients with impingement syndrome. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1999;172(4):1081-1086

549.       Graichen H, Hinterwimmer S, Von Eisenhart-Rothe R, Vogl T, Englmeier KH, Eckstein F. Effect of abducting and adducting muscle activity on glenohumeral translation, scapular kinematics, and subacromial space width in vivo. J Biomech. 2005;38(4):755-760.

550.       Grana WA, Buckley PD, Yates CK: Arthroscopic Bankart suture repair. Am J Sports Med 1993;21(3):348-353

551.       Granata KP, Marras WS. Cost-benefit of muscle cocontraction in protecting against spinal instability. Spine. 2000;25:1398–404. doi: 10.1097/00007632-200006010-00012. [PubMed] [Full Text]

552.       Gratton P: Early active mobilization after flexor tendon repairs, J Hand Ther 6:285, 1993

553.       Gray, G.  Lower Extremity Functional Profile.  Adrian MI:  Wynn Marketing, 1995.

554.       Green DP, Strickland JW. Hand and wrist; section B, the hand. In: DeLee JC, Drez D Jr, eds. Orthopaedic sports medicine: principles and practice. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1994:945-1017.

555.       Green DR and Carol A (1984) Planal dominance. Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 74: 98-103

556.       Greenman P 1996 Principles of Manual Medicine 2nd edition Williams & Wilkins

557.       Greenman P E 1990 Clinical aspects of sacroiliac function in walking. Journal of Manual Medicine 5:125

558.       Greenman P E 1997 Clinical aspects of the sacroiliac joint in walking. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R (eds) Movement, stability and low back pain. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 235

559.       Gregor RJ, Komi PV, Jarvinen M. Achilles tendon forces during cycling. Int J Sports Med 1987;8(suppl 1):9–14.[Medline]

560.       Grelsamer RP, Klein JR. The biomechanics of the patellofemoral joint. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. Nov 1998;28(5):286-98. [Medline].

561.       Grenier, SG, McGill, SM Quantification of lumbar stability by using 2 different abdominal activation strategies. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007

562.       Gribble P. A., Hertel J., Denegar C. R., Buckley W. E. The Effects of Fatigue and Chronic Ankle Instability on Dynamic Postural Control. J Athl Train. Dec 2004;39(4):321-329.

563.       Gribble PA &  Hertel J. Considerations for normalizing measures of the Star Excursion Balance Test. Measure Phys Educ Exerc Sci. 2003;7:89–100.

564.       Grieve G (Ed.) 1986 Modern Manual Therapy of the Vertebral Column. Churchill Livingstone

565.       Grieve G P 1981 Common vertebral joint problems. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh

566.       Grieve G P 1986 Modern manual therapy of the vertebral column. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh

567.       Griffin TM, Roberts TJ, Kram R. Metabolic cost of generating muscular force in human walking. J Appl Physiol 95: 172-183, 2003; 10.1152

568.       Grillner, S, Nilsson J, and Thorstensson A. Intraabdominal pressure changes during natural movements in man. Acta Physiol Scand 103: 275-283, 1978.

569.       Grimby L, Hannerz J 1976 Disturbances in voluntary recruitment order of low and high frequency motor units on blockades of proprioceptive afferent activity Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 96:207-216

570.       Grob K R, Neuhuber W L, Kissling R O 1995 Innervation of the sacroiliac joint of the human. Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie 54:117

571.       Gronley, J.K., & Perry, J. (1984). Gait analysis techniques. Physical Therapy, 63, 1831-1838.

572.       Grood ES, Suntay WJ, Noyes FR, Butler DL. Biomechanics of the knee-extension exercise. Effect of cutting the anteriorcruciate ligament. J Bone Joint Surg Am. Jun 1984;66(5):725-34. [Medline].

573.       Groppel JL, Nirschl RP. A mechanical and electromyographic analysis of the effects of various joint counterforce braces on the tennis player. Am J Sports Med 1986; 14:195.

574.       Gross M: Lower quarter screening for skeletal malalignment- suggestions for orthotics and shoewear. J Othrop Sports Phys Ther 21:389, 1995

575.       Grundy PF, Roberts CJ: Does unequal leg length cause back pain? A case control study. Lancet, 2(8397):256-8, 1984

576.       Guanche CA, Quick DC, Sodergren KM, Buss DD. Arthroscopic versus open reconstruction of the shoulder in patients with isolated Bankart lesions. Am J Sports Med. 1996;24:144 –148.

577.       Gum SL, Reddy GK, Stehno-Bittel L, et al: Combined ultrasound, electrical stimulation and laser promote collagen synthesis with moderate changes in tendon biomechanics. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 1997;76(4):288-296

578.       Gunn C C 1996 The Gunn Approach to the treatment of chronic pain. Intramuscular stimulation for myofascial pain of radicolopathic origin. Churchill Livingstone, New York

579.       Gusmer PB, Potter HG. Imaging of shoulder instability. Clin Sports Med 1995;14:777-95.

580.       Hageman, P. (1995). Gait characteristics of healthy elderly: A literature review. Issues on Aging, 18, 2-14.

581.       Hagen KB, Harms-Rigndahl K. Ratings of perceived thigh and back exertion in forest workers during repetitive lifting using squat and stoop techniques. Spine 1994;19(22):2511-7.

582.       Hagen R 1974 Pelvic girdle relaxation from an orthopaedic point of view. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica 45:550

583.       Hahn T, Foldspang A. Prevalent knee pain and sport. Scand J Soc Med. Mar 1998;26(1):44-52. [Medline].

584.       Haims AH, Schweitzer ME, Patel RS, et al. MR imaging of the Achilles tendon: overlap of findings in symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. Skeletal Radiol 2000;29:640–5.[Medline]

585.       Hains F, Waalen J, Mior S. Physiometric properties of the neck disability index. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1998;21(2):75-80.

586.       Halbertsma JP, Goeken LN. 1994 , Stretching exercises: effect on passive extensibility and stiffness in short hamstrings of healthy subjects.,  Arch Phys Med Rehabil. Sep;75(9):976-81.

587.       Halbertsma JP, van Bolhuis AI, Goeken LN. 1996, Sport stretching: effect on passive muscle stiffness of short hamstrings.Arch Phys Med Rehabil. Jul;77(7):688-92

588.       Halikis MN, et al: Effect of immobilization, immediate mobilization, and delayed mobilization on the resistance to digital flexion using a tendon injury model, J Hand Surg 22A:464, 1997

589.       Hall C M, Brody L T 1999 Therapeutic exercise – moving toward function. Lippincott willimas & Wilkins

590.       Hall C.: The shoulder girdle., Chapter 26, 575-622.

591.       Hall H, McIntosh G, Melles T, Holowachuk, B, Wai E. Effect of discharge recommendations on outcome. Spine, 19:2033-2037, 1994.

592.       Hall SJ (2003). Basic Biomechanics, 4 th ed. New York, McGraw-Hill. pp.319-320

593.       Hall T, Hepburn M, Elvey R 1993 The effect of lumbosacral posture on a modification of the straight leg raise test. Physiotherapy 79(8): 566-570

594.       Hallegren RC Greenman P Rechtein J 1994 Atrophy of suboccipital muscles in patients with chronic pain: a pilot study J Am Association 94:1032-8

595.       Hamilton C, Richardson C 1995 Towards the development of a clinical test of local muscle dysfunction in the lumbar spine In proceedings of the 9th Biennial Conference of the Manipulative Physiotherapists Association of Australia. Gold Coast

596.       Hamilton C, Richardson C 1998 Active control of the neural lumbopelvic posture; a comparison between back pain and non back pain subjects Vleeming A, Mooney V, Tilsher H, Dorman T, Snijders C 3rd  Interdisciplinary World Congress on Low Back Pain and Pelvic Pain Vienna Austria

597.       Hamilton C, Richardson C 1998 Active control of the neutral lumbopelvic posture; a comparison between back pain and non back pain subjects. In: 3rd Interdisciplinary World Congress on Low Back and Pelvic Pain.  Vienna, Austria, p 295

598.       Hammer WI, Functional Soft-Tissue Examination and Treatment by Manual Methods, Jones & Bartlett Publishers ,2007, ISBN 10: 0763733105, ISBN 13: 9780763733100

599.       Hammer,W; (2008) , The Psoas Major May Not Function As You Think, Dynamic Chiropractic – January 29, 2008, Vol. 26, Issue 03

600.       Hancock, M.J., Maher, C.G., Latimer, J., Spindler, M.F., McAuley, J.H., Laslett, M., Bogduk, N. Systematic Review of Tests to Identify the Disc, SIJ or Facet Joint as the Source of Low Back Pain. European Spine Journal, 2007;16(10);1539-1550.

601.       Handelberg F, Shahabpour M, Casteleyn PP. Chondral lesions of the patella evaluated with computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and arthroscopy. Arthroscopy. 1990;6(1):24-9. [Medline].

602.       Handelberg F, Shahabpour M, Van Betten F, et al. CT arthrography and MRI of the patella. Acta Orthop Belg. 1989;55(3):331-8. [Medline].

603.       Hansen, H.C., McKenzie-Brown, A.M., Cohen, S.P., Swicegood, J.R., Colson, J.D., Manchikanti, L. Sacroiliac Joint Interventions: A Systematic Review. Pain Physician, 2007;10:165-184.

604.       Hanson P, Sonesson B 1994 The anatomy of the iliolumbar ligament. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 75:1245

605.       Harms - Ringdahl K: On assessment of shoulder exercises and the load elicted pain in the cervical spine, 1986, Scand J Rehab Med (Supp 14)

606.       Harms J, Biehl G, von Hobach G. Pathologie der Paratenonitis achillea bei Hochleistungssportlern. Archir für Orthopadische und Unfall-Chirurgie 1977;88:65–74.

607.       Hart RA, Woo SL, Newton PO: Ultrastructural morphometry of anterior cruciate and medial collateral ligaments: an experimental study in rabbits. J Orthop Res 1992;10(1):96-103

608.       Hartman L 1997 Handbook of osteopathic technique, 3rd edn. Chapman & Hall, London

609.       Hawking RM, Dynamic electromyographic analysis of the shoulder muscles during rotational and scapular strengthening exercises. In: Post M, Morrey BG, Hawkins RS. (eds.) Surgery of the Shoulder. St. Louis, CV Mosby, 1990.

610.       HAWKINS R.J., ABRAMS J.: Impingement syndrome in the absence of rotator cuff tear (stages I en II).  Orthopeadic Clinics of North America, 1987, Nr. 18, 373-382.

611.       HAWKINS R.J., KENNEDY J.C.: Impingement syndrome in athletes. Am J Sports medicine, 1980, Nr. 8, 151-158.

612.       HAWKINS R.J., MALONE T.R., MATSEN F.A.A., SAVOIE F.H.: Schouderletsels: onderzoek met een minimum aan geavanceerde technieken.  Patiënt Care, december 1993, 31-63.

613.       Hawkins RJ, Bell RH, Anisette G. Acute patellar dislocations. The natural history. Am J Sports Med. Mar-Apr 1986;14(2):117-20. [Medline].

614.       Hawkins RJ, Mohtadi NG: Controversy in anterior shoulder instability. Clin Orthop 1991;272(Nov):152-161

615.       Hayashi K, Massa KL, Thabit G III, et al. Histological evaluation of the glenohumeral joint capsule after the laser-assisted capsular shift procedure for glenohumeral instability. Am J Sports Med. 1999;27:162–167.

616.       Hebert LJ, Moffet H, MacFadyen BJ, et al: Scapular behavior in shoulder impingement syndrome. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2002;83(1):60-69

617.       Hedman TP, Fernie GR: Mechanical response of the lumbar spine to seated postural loads. Spine, 1997,22;7:734-743

618.       HEIDERSCHEIT B. C., PALMER Mc LEAN K.: De gevolgen van isometrische plyometrische training voor de endorotatoren van de schouder.  Stimulus, 16e jaargang, nummer 2, 1997, 150-152.

619.       Heiderscheit BC. Lower extremity injuries: is itjust about hip strength? J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2010, 40:39-41.

620.       Heikkila HV, Wenngren B I 1998 Cervicocephalic kinesthetic sensibility active range of movement of cervical motion and oculomotor function in patients with whiplash injury Arch Phys Med Rehabil 79:1089-98

621.       HEIMANN D.: Leitfaden manuele therapie.  Gustav fischer,1997, 84-91.

622.       Heino Brechter J, Powers CM: Patellofemoral stress during walking in persons with and without patellofemoral pain. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2002;34(10):1582-1593

623.       Heintjes E, Berger MY, Bierma-Zeinstra SMA, et al: Exercise therapy for patellofemoral pain syndrome (Cochrane Review), in The Cochrane Library (issue 2). Chichester, UK, Wiley, 2004

624.       Heliovaara , ‘Static Back Endurance and the Risk of Low-Back Pain,’ Clinical Biomechanics, Vol. 10(6), pp. 323-324, 1995

625.       Hellsing A. ‘Tightness of Hamstring and Psoas Major Muscles: A Prospective Study of Back Pain in Young Men during Their Military Service,’ Ups J Med Sci, Vol. 93, pp. 267-276, 1988

626.       Hemborg, B, Moritz U, Hamberg J, Löwing H, and Åkesson I. Intra-abdominal pressure and trunk muscle activity during lifting effect of abdominal training in healthy subjects. Scand J Rehabil Med 15: 183-196, 1983.

627.       Henry JH, Genung JA: Natural history of glenohumeral dislocation—revisited. Am J Sports Med 1982;10(3):135-137

628.       HERRING S.A. : Rehabilitation of muscle injuries.  Med sci sport exerc. 4 : 1990,453-456.

629.       Herrington L 2000 The inter-tester reliability of a clinical measurement used to determine the medial/lateral orientation of the patella.  Manual Therapy 7(3):163

630.       Hertel J, Braham RA, Hale SA, Olmsted LC. Simplifying the Star Excursion Balance Test: analyses of subjects with and without ankle instability. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2006;36:131-137.

631.       Hertel J, Miller JS, Denegar CR. Intratester and intertester reliability during the Star Excursion Balance Tests. J Sport Rehabil. 2000;9:104–116.

632.       Hertling, D., & Kessler, R.M. (1996). Management of common musculoskeletal disorders: Physical therapy principles and methods (3rd ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott, pp. 27-28.

633.       Herzog W, Read L, Conway P J W, Shaw L D, McEwen M C 1989 Reliability of motion palpation procedures to detect sacroiliac joint fixations.  Journal Manipulative Physical Therapy 12(2):86

634.       Hesch J 1997 Evaluation and treatment of the most common patterns of sacroiliac joint dysfunction. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R (eds) Movement, stability and low back pain. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 535

635.       Hesch J, Aisenbrey J, Guarino J 1992 Manual therapy evaluation of the pelvic joints using palpatory and articular spring tests. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Snijders C J, Dorman T (eds) First interdisciplinary world congress on low back pain and its relation to the sacroiliac joint. San Diego, California, p 435

636.       Hewett et al.; The Effect of NeuromuscularTraining on the Incidence of Knee Injury in Female Athletes: A Prospective Study. American Journal of Sports Medicine 1999, Vol. 27(6).

637.       Hewitt J D, Glisson R R, Guilak F, Parker Vail T 2002 The mechanical properties of the human hip capsule ligaments. The Journal of Arthroplasty 17(1):82

638.       Hicks, C. M., Research for Physiotherapists: Project Design an Analysis, Longman Singapore Publisher, Singapore, 1995.

639.       Hides J A, Cooper D H et al 1992 Diagnostic ultrasound imaging for measurement of the lumbar multifidus muscle in normal young adults.  Physiotherapy Theory and Practice 8:19

640.       Hides J A, Cooper D H, Stokes M J 1992 Diagnostic ultrasound imaging for measurement of the lumbar multifidus muscle in normal young adults Physiotherapy Theory and Practice 8:19-26

641.       Hides J A, Jull G A, Richardson C A 2001 Long-term effects of specific stabilizing exercises for first-episode low back pain.  Spine 26(11):E243

642.       Hides J A, Richardson C A, Jull G A 1995 Magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography of the lumbar multifidus muscle: comparison of two different modalities Spine 20:54-58

643.       Hides J A, Richardson C A, Jull G A 1995a  Magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography of the lumbar multifidus muscle; comparison of two different modalities. Spine 20(1):54

644.       Hides J A, Richardson C A, Jull G A 1996 Multifidus recovery is not automatic following resolution of acute first episode low back pain. Spine 21(23):2763*9

645.       Hides J A, Richardson C A, Jull G A, Davies S 1995b Ultrasound imaging in rehabilitation. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy 41(3):187

646.       Hides J A, Stokes M J, Saide M, Jull G A, Cooper D H 1994 Evidence of lumbar multifidus muscles wasting ipsilateral to symptoms in patients with acute/subacute low back pain. Spine 19(2):165-172

647.       Hides J A, Stokes M J, Saide M, Jull G A, Cooper D H 1994 Evidence of multifidus wasting ipsilateral to symptoms in patients with acute/subacute low back pain Spine 19(2): 165-177

648.       Hides J. (2006) An MRI Investigation Into the Function of the Transversus Abdomi

649.       Hides JA, Jull G A, Richardson C A  2001  Long term effects of specific stabilizing exercises for first episode low back pain  Spine  26(11):243-8

650.       Hides JA, Richardson C A, Jull G A 1996 Multifidus recovery is not automatic after resolution of acute first-episode low back pain Spine 21(23): 2763-2769

651.       Hides JA, Richardson C, Jull G. 1998 Use of real time ultrasound imaging for feedback in rehabilitation Manual Therapy 3(3): 125-31

652.       Hides JA, Richardson CA, Jull GA 1996  Multifidus muscle rehabilitation decreases recurrence of symptomsfollowing first episode LBP.  Proceedings of the National Physiotherapy Congress Australia.

653.       Hides JA, Richardson CA, Jull GA. Multifidus muscle recovery is not automatic after resolution of acute, first-episode of low back pain. Spine 1996;21(23):2763-2769.

654.       Hides JA, Stokes MJ, Saide M et al 1994 Evidence of lumbar multifidis muscle wasting ipsilateral to symptoms in patients with acute/subacute low back pain. Spine 19(2):165-172

655.       Hill HA, Sachs MD. The grooved defect of the humeral head. A frequently unrecognized complication of dislocations of the shoulder joint. Radiology 1940;35:690-700.

656.       Hintermeister RA, Lange GW, Schultheis JM, et al. Electromyographic activity and applied load during shoulder rehabilitation exercises using elastic resistance. Am J Sports Med 1998; 26: 210-20

657.       Hinterwimmer S, Eisenhart-Rothe RV, Siebert M, et al. Influence of adducting and abducting muscle forces on the subacromial space width. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(12):2055-2059

658.       Hirashima M, Kadota H, Sakurai S, Kudo K, Ohtsuki T. Sequential muscle activity and its functional role in the upper extremity and trunk during overarm throwing. J Sports Sci. 2002;20:301-310

659.       Hodges P 1998 Transversus abdominis: the forgotten muscle: Its function and its dysfunction in the presence of low back pain. Proceedings: Third Interdisciplinary World Congress on Low Back & Pelvic Pain Vienna Austria

660.       Hodges P W 1997b Feedforward contraction of transversus abdominis is not influenced by the direction of arm movement.  Experimental Brain Research 114:362

661.       Hodges P W 1999 Is there a role for transversus abdominis in lumbo-pelvic stability? Manual Therapy 4(2): 74-86

662.       Hodges P W 2001b Changes in motor planning of feedforward postural responses of the trunk muscles in low back pain. Experimental Brain Research 141:261

663.       Hodges P W 2003 Core stability exercise in chronic low back pain. Orthopedic Clinics of North America 34:245

664.       Hodges P W 2003 Neuromechanical control of the spine. PhD thesis. Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

665.       Hodges P W Gandevia S C Richardson C A 1997c Contractions of specific abdominal muscles in postural tasks are affected by respiratory maneuvers. Journal Applied Physiology 83(3):753

666.       Hodges P W, Butler J E, McKenzie D K, Gandevia S C 1997d Contraction of the human diaphragm during rapid postural adjustments. Journal of Physiology 505(2):539

667.       Hodges P W, Butler J E, McKenzie D, Gandevia S C 1997 Contraction of the human diaphragm during postural adjustments J Physiol 505(239-548)

668.       Hodges P W, Cresswell A G, Daggfeldt K, Thorstensson A 2001a In vivo measurement of the effect of intra-abdominal pressure on the human spine. Journal of Biomechanics. 34:347

669.       Hodges P W, Cresswell A G, Thorstensson A 1999 Preparatory trunk motion accompanies rapid upper limb movement. Experimental Brain Research 124:69

670.       Hodges P W, Cresswell, A G, Thorstensson A 2001c Perturbed upper limb movements cause short-latency postural responses in trunk muscles. Experimental Brain Research 138:243

671.       Hodges P W, Gandevia S C 2000a Changes in intra-abdominal pressure during postural and respiratory activation of the human diaphragm.  Journal Applied Physiology 89:967-76

672.       Hodges P W, Gandevia S C 2000b Activation of the human diaphragm during a repetitive postural task. Journal of Physiology 522(1):165

673.       Hodges P W, Gurfinkel V S, Brumagne S, Smith T C, Cordo P C 2002 Coexistence of stability and mobility in postural control: evidence from postural compensation for respiration Exp Brain Res 144(3): 293-302

674.       Hodges P W, Heinjnen I, Gandevia S C 2001d Postural activity of the diaphragm is reduced in humans when respiratory demand increases. Journal of Physiology 537(3):999

675.       Hodges P W, Kaigle Holm A, Holm S, Ekstrom L, Cresswell A G, Hanson T, Thorstensson A 2003b Intervertebral stiffness of the spine is increased by evoked contraction of transversus abdominis and the diaphragm: in vivo porcine studies. Spine (submitted)

676.       Hodges P W, Moseley G L 2003 Pain and motor control of the lumbopelvic region:  effect and possible mechanisms. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 13:361

677.       Hodges P W, Pengel L H M, Herbert R D, Gandevia S C 2003a Measurement of muscle contraction with ultrasound imaging.  Muscle Nerve 27:682.

678.       Hodges P W, Richardson C A 1996 Inefficient muscular stabilization of the lumbar spine associated with low back pain. A motor control evaluation of transversus abdominis. Spine 21(22):2640

679.       Hodges P W, Richardson C A 1997a Contraction of the abdominal muscles associated with movements of the lower limb. Physical Therapy 77(132-144)

680.       Hodges P W, Richardson C A 1997b Feedforward contraction of transversus abdominis is not influenced by the direction of arm movement. Experimental Brain Research 114(362-370)

681.       Hodges P W, Richardson C A 1999 Transversus abdominis and the superficial abdominal muscles are controlled independently in a postural task. Neurosci Lett 265(2): 91-94

682.       Hodges P W,  Heijnen I,  Gandevia S C. 2001 Postural activity of the diaphragm is reduced in humans when respiratory demand increases J Physiol 537(Pt 3): 999-1008 movement at different speeds. Arch Phys Med Rehabil Sep;80(9): 1005-12

683.       Hodges P W,  Richardson C A 1996 Inefficient muscular stabilisation of the lumbar spine associated with low back pain: a motor control evaluation of transversus abdominis Spine 21(22): 2640-50

684.       Hodges P W. 2001 Changes in motor planning of feedforward postural responses of the trunk muscles in low back pain Experimental Brain Research 141:261-6.

685.       Hodges P, Kaigle Holm A, Holm S et al 2003 Intervertebral stiffness of the spine is increased by evoked contraction of transversus abdominis and the diaphragm: in vivo porcine studies. Spine 28(23):2594-2601

686.       Hodges P.W & Richardson C.A: Neuromotor dysfunction of the trunk musculature in low back pain patients. Proceedings of the international conference of physical therapists, Washington DC 1995

687.       Hodges PW 2000c The role of the motor system in spinal pain: Implications for rehabilitation of the athlete following lower back pain. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 3:242

688.       Hodges PW Core stability exercise in chronic low back pain Orthop Clin North Am 2003 Apr;34(2): 245-54

689.       Hodges PW, Richardson CA 1996 Inefficient muscular stabilisation of the lumbar spine associated with low back pain: a motor control evaluation of transversus abdominis Spine 21(22): 2640-2650

690.       Hodges PW, Richardson CA 1999 Altered trunk muscle recruitment in people with low back pain with upper limb movement at different speeds Arch Phys Med Rehabil Vol 80

691.       Hodges PW, Richardson CA, Gandevia SC 1997 Contractions of specific abdominal muscles in postural tasks are affected by respiratory maneuvers. Journal of Applied Physiology 83(3):753-760

692.       Hodges PW, Richardson CA. Inefficient muscular stabilization of the lumbar spine associated with low back pain. Spine 1996;21:2640-2650.

693.       Hodges, P, Cresswell A, Daggfeldt K, and Thorstensson A. 2000 Direct evidence for a mechanical effect of intra-abdominal pressure on the human spine (Abstract). In: 27th Annual Meeting of the International Society for the Study of the Lumbar Spine Adelaide Australia April 6-13 2000. Toronto, ON, Canada: Int. Soc. for Study of Lumbar Spine, p. 262.

694.       Hodges, PW, Richardson CA. Feedforward contraction of transversus abdominis is not influenced by the direction of arm movement. Exp Brain Res 114: 362-370, 1997.

695.       Hoffer J, Andreassen S 1981 Regulation of soleus muscle stiffness in premamillary cats J Neurophysiology 45:267-285

696.       Hoikka V, Ylikoski M, Tallroth K,  Leg-Length Inequality Has Poor Correlation with Lumbar Scoliosis: A Radiological Study of 100 Patients with Chronic Low-Back Pain,’ Arch Orthop Trauma Surgery, Vol. 108, pp. 173-175, 1989

697.       Holden, M.K., Gill, K.M., & Magliozzi, M.R. (1984). Clinical gait assessment in the neurologically impaired: Reliability and meaningfulness. Physical Therapy, 64, 35-40.

698.       Holleman, H.C.A., L.M. Tielen, J.A.H.J. Hoenen, (1988) Zó werkt u met…Patiëntenvoorlichtingsfolders, Uitgeverij voor Gezondheidsbevordering, Rijswijk, 1988.

699.       Holmes SW Jr, Clancy WG Jr. Clinical classification of patellofemoral pain and dysfunction. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. Nov 1998;28(5):299-306. [Medline].

700.       Hölmich P, Uhrskou P, Ulnits L, et al: Effectiveness of active physical training as treatment for long-standing adductor-related groin pain in athletes: randomised trial. Lancet 1999;353(9151):439-443

701.       Holstege G, Bandler R, Saper C B 1996 The emotional motor system. Elsevier Science

702.       Holten O. Medical Exercise Therapy. Fysioterapeuten 1968; 35(8):236-240

703.       Hoppenfield, S. (1976) Physical Examination of the Spine and Extremities New York: Appleton, Century, and Crofts.

704.       Horak FB, Esselman P, Anderson ME, Lynch MK 1984 The effects of movement velocity, mass displaced, and task certainty on associated postural adjustments made by normal and hemiplegic individuals Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry  Sep; 47(9): 1020-8

705.       Horschschuler SH. Diagnostic studies in clinical practice. Orthop N Amer, 14(3):517-526, 1983.

706.       HOSHIKAWA, Y., M. MURAMATSU, T. IIDA, A. UCHIYAMA, Y. NAKAJIMA, H. KANEHISA, and T. FUKUNAGA. Influence of the Psoas Major and Thigh Muscularity on 100-m Times in Junior Sprinters. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 38, No. 12, pp. 2138–2143,2006.

707.       Hoskins W, Pollard H: The management of hamstring injury –part 1: issues in diagnosis. Manual Therapy 10 96-107, 2005

708.       Hoskins W, Pollard H: The management of hamstring injury, Part 2: Treatment. Manual Therapy 10 180-190, August 2005.

709.       HOST H.H.: Scapular taping in the treatment of Anterior Shoulder Impingement.

710.       HOST H.H.: Scapular taping in the treatment of Anterior Shoulder Impingement. Physical Therapy, Volume 75, Nr. 9, 1995, 27-36.

711.       Houglum, P.A. (2005). Therapeutic Exercise for Musculoskeletal Injuries, 2nd ed., Human Kinetics.

712.       Hovelius L, Augustini BG, Fredin H, et al: Primary anterior dislocation of the shoulder in young patients: a ten-year prospective study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1996;78(11):1677-1684

713.       Howard D, Miller J M, DeLancey J O L, Aston-Miller J A 2000 Differential effects of cough, valsalva, and continence status on vesical neck movement. Obstetrics & Gynecology 95(4):535

714.       Howard TM, O'Connor FG. The injured shoulder: primary care assessment. Arch Fam Med 1997;6: 376-84.

715.       Howell SM, Galinat BJ: The glenoid-labral socket: a constrained articular surface. Clin Orthop 1989;243(Jun):122-125

716.       Howell SM, Imobersteg AM, Seger DH, et al: Clarification of the role of the supraspinatus muscle in shoulder function. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1986;68(3):398-404

717.       Hubbard T. J., Kramer L. C., Denegar C. R., Hertel J. Contributing factors to chronic ankle instability. Foot Ankle Int. Mar 2007;28(3):343-354.

718.       Hungerford B, Gilleard W, Lee D 2001 Alteration of sacroiliac joint motion patterns in subjects with Pelvic Motion Asymmetry. In: Proceedings from the 4th World Interdisciplinary Congress on Low Back and Pelvic Pain. Montreal, Canada

719.       Hungerford B. , Gilleard W.,  Moran M MHlth, Emmerson C (2007) , Evaluation of the reliability of therapists to palate intra-pelvic motion using the stork test on the support side, Journal Physical Therapy, 2007; 87(7), 879-887

720.       Hungerford B. , Gilleard W., Hodges P. (2004a ) , Evidence of Altered Lumbo-Pelvic Muscle Recruitment in the Presence of Sacroiliac Joint Pain, Spine 2003, 28(14), pp1593-1600, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.

721.       Hungerford B. , Gilleard W., Lee D. . (2004 b )  Altered Patterns of Pelvic Bone Motion Determined in Subjects with Posterior Pelvic Pain Using Skin Markers, Clinical Biomechanics, 2004; 19: pp 456-464

722.       Hungerford B. , PhD Thesis , Analysis of functional load transfer through the pelvis: patterns of intra-pelvic motion and muscle recruitment for pelvic stability, Library at University of Sydney, Australia.

723.       Hunter G 1998 Specific soft tissue mobilisation in the management of soft tissue dysfunction Manual Therapy 3(1): 2-11

724.       Hunter J, Schneider LH, Mackin EJ. Rehabilitation of the Hand and Upper Extremity: Mosby co., 2002

725.       Hunter JM, Mackin, EJ, Callahan AD: Rehabilitation of the hand and upper extremity, Chapter 27 Postoperative management of flexor tendon injuries, 431, 5th Edition, Mosby, St. Louis, 2002.

726.       Hurley M V 1996 The effects of joint damage on muscle function, proprioception and rehabilitation. Manual Therapy 1(5): 11-17

727.       Hurley M V, Newham D J. 1993 The influence of arthrogenous muscle inhibition on quadriceps rehabilitation of patients with early unilateral osteoarthritic knees B J of Rheumatology 32(127): 131

728.       Hurley M V, Scott D L, Rees J, Newham D J 1997 Sensorimotor changes and functional performance in patients with knee osteoarthritis Ann Rheum Nov 56(11): 641-8

729.       Hurley M V. 1999 The role of muscle weakness in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis Rheum Dis Clin North Am 25(2): 283-98

730.       Hurley MV 1997 The effects of damage on muscle function, proprioception and rehabilitation Manual Therapy 2(1): 11-17

731.       Hutchinson MR, Ireland ML: Knee Injuries in Female Athletes. Sports Med 1995;19 (4):288-302.

732.       Hüter-Becker/Dölken (2005) Physiotherapie in der Orthopädie ISBN 3131294914,  Georg Thieme Verlag

733.       Hutson MA, editor. Sports injuries: recognition and management. New York: Oxford University Press; 1990.

734.       HUYBRECHT P.A., CLARIJS J.P. : Krachttraining in de revalidatie en sport, Tijdstroom, 1995, 149-166.

735.       Hyman J, Liebenson C. Spinal stabilization exercise program. In Liebenson C (ed) Spinal Rehabilitation: A Manual of Active Care Procedures. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore 1996.

736.       Ihara H, Nakayama A 1986. Dynamic joint control training for knee ligament injuries. Am J Sports Med 14(4);309-31.

737.       Imhoff AB. The use of lasers in orthopedic surgery. Oper Techniq Orthop. 1995;5:192–203.

738.       Indelicato PA, Hermansdorfer J, Huegel M: Nonoperative management of complete tears of the medial collateral ligament of the knee in intercollegiate football players. Clin Orthop 1990;Jul(256):174-177

739.       Inklaar H, Hamstringblessures, M o d e r n m e d i c i n e · 2 0 0 9 · n r . 1 2

740.       Inman V T, Ralston H J, Todd F 1981 Human walking. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore

741.       Inman VT, Saunders JB, Abbott LC: Observations of the function of the shoulder joint, 1944. Clin Orthop 1996; 330(Sep):3-12

742.       Inman, V.T. (1993). Human locomotion. Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research, 288, 3-9.

743.       Ippolito E, Natali PG, Postacchini F, et al. Morphological, immunochemical, and biochemical study of rabbit achilles tendon at various ages. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1980;62:583–98.[Medline]

744.       Ireland D, Harrall R, Curry V, et al. Multiple changes in gene expression in chronic human Achilles tendinopathy. Matrix Biol 2001;20:159–69.[Medline]

745.       Ireland et al Hip Strength in Females with and without Patella-Femoral Pain. Journal of

746.       Ireland ML, Chang JL. Acute fracture bipartite patella: case report and literature review. Med Sci Sports Exerc. Mar 1995;27(3):299-302. [Medline].

747.       Ireland ML, Wall C: Epidemiology and comparison of knee injuries in elite male and female United States basketball athletes. Med Sci Sports Exer 1990;22:14.

748.       Ireland ML, Willson JD, Ballantyne BT, Davis IM. Hip strength in females with and without patellofemoral pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2003;33:671-676.   

749.       Irwin, R.W., Watson, T., Minick, R.P., Ambrosius, W.T. Age, Body Mass Index, and Gender Differences in Sacroiliac Joint Pathology. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 2007;86(1):37-44.

750.       Itio E, Motzkin N E, Morrey B F, An K N 1994 Contribution of axial arm rotation to humeral head translation Am J Sports Med 22(4): 499-503

751.       Itoi E, Sashi R, Minagawa H, et al: Position of immobilization after dislocation of the glenohumeral joint: a study with use of magnetic resonance imaging. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2001;83(5):661-667

752.       Jackins S, Matsen FA 3d. Management of shoulder instability. J Hand Ther 1994;7:99-106.

753.       Jackson BA, Schwane JA, Starcher BC. Effect of ultrasound therapy on the repair of Achilles tendon injuries in rats. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1991;23:171–6.[Medline]

754.       Jackson MD, McKeag DB. Anatomy and biomechanics of the elbow and forearm. In: Sallis RE, Massimino F, eds. Essentials of sports medicine. St. Louis: Mosby, 1997:294-306.

755.       Jacob H A C, Kissling R O, 1995, The mobility of the sacroiliac joints in healthy volunteers between 20 and 50 years of age. Clinical Biomechanics 10(7): 352-361.

756.       Jacobson GP, , Newman CW, Kartush JM, Handbook of balance function testing, 1997

757.       Jahnke AH Jr., Petersen SA, Neuma nn C, Steinbach L, Morgan F. A prospective comparison of computerized arthrotomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the glenohumeral joint. Am J Sports Med 1992;20:695-700.

758.       James SL, Bates BT, Osternig LR. Injuries to runners. Am J Sports Med 1978;6:40–50.[Medline]

759.       Janda V 1978 Muscles central nervous motor regulation and back problems In:Korr I M (eds) The Neurological Mechanisms in Manipulative Therapy Plenum Press New York p27-41

760.       Janda V 1978 Muscles, central nervous motor regulation and back problems. In: Korr I (ed) The neurobiologic mechanisms in manipulative therapy. Plenum Press, London, p 27

761.       Janda V 1983 Motor learning impairment and back pain FIMM Proceedings Zurich Switzerland

762.       Janda V 1983 On the concept of postural muscles and posture in man Australian J Physiotherapy 29(3): 83-84

763.       Janda V 1985 Pain in the locomotor system - A broad approach In Glasgow et al (eds.) Aspects of Manipulative Therapy Churchill Livingstone: 148-151

764.       Janda V 1986 Muscle weakness and inhibition (pseudoparesis) in back pain syndromes. In: Grieve G P (ed) Modern manual therapy of the vertebral column. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 197

765.       Janda V 1996 Evaluation of muscle imbalance In: Liebenson C (eds) Rehabilitation of the Spine Williams & Wilkins Baltimore

766.       Janda V L 1994 Muscles and motor control in cervicogenic disorders: assessment and management In: Grant R (eds) Physical Therapy of the Cervical and Thoracic Spine 2nd Ed Churchill Livingstone Ch 10 p195-216

767.       Janda V, Va' vrova' M 1990. Sensory Motor Stimulation: A video. Presented by JE Bullock-Saxton. Brisbance, Australia, Body Control Systems.

768.       Janda V, Va' vrova' M 1996. Sensory motor stimulation. In Liebenson C (ed) Spinal Rehabilitation: A Manual of Active Care Procedures. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore.

769.       Janda V., Manuelle Muskelfunktionsdiagnostik, 1994, Ullstein-Mosby, BerlinCalais-Germain & Anderson S (1996) Anatomy of Movement: Exercises , Eastland Press, USA

770.       Janecki CJ, Shahcheragh GH: The forward elevation maneuver for reduction of anterior dislocations of the shoulder. Clin Orthop 1982;164(Apr):177-180

771.       Janevic J, Ashton-Miller JA , Schultz AB 1991 Large compressive pre-loads decrease lumbar motion segment flexibility. Journal of Orthopedic Research 19:228-236

772.       Jarcho J 1929 Value of Walcher position in contracted pelvis with special reference to its effect on true conjugate diameter. Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics 49:854

773.       Jarvinen M , Jozsa L, Kannus P, et al. Histopathological findings in chronic tendon disorders. Scand J Med Sci Sports 1997;7:86–95.[Medline]

774.       Jensen MC, Brant-Zawadski, MN, Obuchowski N, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine in people without back pain. New England J Med, 331: 69-73, 1994.

775.       Jobe F W, Pink M 1993 Classification and treatment of shoulder dysfunction in the overhead athlete   Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physiotherapy 18(2):  427 – 232

776.       Jobe FW, Giangarra CE, Kvitne RS, Glousman RE. Anterior capsulolabral reconstruction of the shoulder in athletes in overhand sports. Am J Sports Med. 1991;19:428–434.

777.       Jobe FW, Kvitne RS, Giangarra CE: Shoulder pain in the overhand or throwing athlete: the relationship of anterior instability and rotator cuff impingement. Orthop Rev 1989;18(9):963-975

778.       Jobe FW, Moynes DR, Brewster CE: Rehabilitation of shoulder joint instabilities. Orthop Clin North Am 1987;18(3):473-482

779.       Johansson H, Sjolander P, Sojka P 1991 A sensory role for the cruciate ligaments Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 268(7): 161-178

780.       Johansson H, Sjolander P, Sojka P 1991 Receptors in the knee joint ligaments and their role in the biomechanics of the joint Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering 18(5): 341-368

781.       Johnson DP, Wakeley CJ, Watt I. Magnetic resonance imaging of patellar tendonitis. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1996;78:452–7.[Medline]

782.       Johnson LL, van Dyk GE, Green JR III, et al: Clinical assessment of asymptomatic knees: comparison of men and women. Arthroscopy 1998;14(4):347-359

783.       Johnson MA, Polgar J, Weightman D, et al. Data on the distribution of fibre types in thirty-six human muscles. An autopsy study. J Neurol Sci 1973;1: 111–29.

784.       Johnson MI 1997 The physiology of the sensory dimensions of clinical pain Physiotherapy 83(10): 526-536

785.       Johnson RM, Poppe TR. Considering patellofemoral pain: exercise prescription. Strength Condition J 1999;21: 73-75.

786.       Jones R J 2001 Current application of pelvic floor rehabilitation to enhance lumbo-pelvic stability Proceeding 1st International Conference on Movement Dysfunction Edinburgh UK

787.       Jones R, Comerford M, Sapsford R 2002 Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise in the Treatment of Urinary Incontinence  8.2 Pelvic Floor Stability and Trunk Muscle Co-activation  in Laycock J, Haslam J Therapeutic Management of Incontinence and Pelvic Pain  - Pelvic Organ Disorders p 66-71

788.       Jorgensen U. Achillodynia and loss of heel pad shock absorbency. Am J Sports Med 1985;13:128–32.[Abstract]

789.       Jozsa L, Balint J, Kannus P, et al. Mechanoreceptors in human myotendinous junction. Muscle Nerve 1993;16:453–7.[Medline]

790.       Jozsa L, Kannus P. Human tendon: anatomy, physiology and pathology. Champaign: Human Kinetics, 1997.

791.       Judge, J.O., Davis, R.B. 3rd, & Ounpuu, S. (1996). Step length reductions in advanced age: The role of ankle and hip kinetics. Journal of Gerontology (A Biological Science and Medical Science, 51(6), M303-312.

792.       Judge, J.O., Ounpuu, S., Davis, R.B. 3rd. (1996). Effects of age on the biomechanics and physiology of gait. Clinics in Geriatric Medicine, 12(4), 659-678.

793.       Juhan D 1987 Job’s Body: A Handbook for Bodywork Station Hill

794.       Juker D, McGill S, Kropf P. Quantitative intramuscular myoelectric acitivity of lumbar portions of psoas and the abdominal wall during a wide variety of tasks. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 1998;30:301–310. [PubMed] [Full Text]

795.       Jull G 1997 Management of cervical headache Manual Therapy 2(4): 182-190

796.       Jull G A 1988 The accuracy of manual diagnosis for cervical zygoapophysial joint pain syndrome Australian Medical Journal 148: 233-236   

797.       Jull G A 2000 Deep cervical flexor muscle dysfunction in whiplash J Musculoskeletal Pain 8(1/2): 143-154

798.       Jull G A, Bogduk N, Marsland A 1988 The accuracy of manual diagnosis for cervical zygapophyseal joint pain syndromes. Medical Journal of Australia 148:233

799.       Jull G A, Richardson C A 2000 Motor control problems in patients with spinal pain: A new direction for therapeutic exercise.  Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 23(2):115

800.       Jull G, Barrett C, Magee R, Ho P  1999  Further clinical clarification of the muscle dysfunction in cervical headache  Cephalalgia  19(3): 179-85

801.       Jull G, Richardson C, Comerford M 1991 Strategies for the initial activation of dynamic lumbar stabilisation In proceedings of Manipulative Physiotherapists Association of Australia 7th Biennial Conference New South Wales: 65-67

802.       Jull G, Richardson C, Toppenberg R, Comerford M, Bui B 1993 Towards a measurement of active muscle control for lumbar stabilisation Australian Journal of Physiotherapy 39(3): 187-193

803.       Jull G, Richardson C.A, Hamilton C, Hodges PW: Towards the validation of a clinical test for the deep abdominal muscles in low back pain patients. Manipulative physiotherapists association of Australia. Gold coast, Queensland 1995

804.       Jull G, Scott Q, Richardson C, Henry S, Hides J, Hodges P 1998   New concepts for the control of pain in the lumbopelvic region Proceedings: Third Interdisciplinary World Congress on Low Back & Pelvic Pain. Vienna Austria

805.       Jull G, Treleaven J, Versace G 1994 Manual examination is pain provocation a major cue for spinal dysfunction Australian J Physiotherapy 40(3): 159-65

806.       Jull G, Trott P, Potter H, Zito G, Niere K, Shirley D, Emberson J, Marschner I, Richardson C 2002 A randomized controlled trial of exercise and manipulative therapy for cervicogenic headache Spine 27(17): 1835-43

807.       Kader D F, Wardlaw D, Smith F W  2000  Correlation between the MRI changes in the lumbar multifidus muscles and leg pain  Clinical Radiology 

808.       Kadrmas WR, Speer KP. The manual muscle examination for rotator cuff strength: an electromyographic investigation. Amer J of Sports Med 24(5), 1996:581-588.

809.       Kahle W, Leonhardt H, Platzer W 1984 Colour Atlas and Textbook of Human Anatomy Vol 1 Locomotor System (Platzer) 3rd revised edition Thieme

810.       Kaigle A M, Wessberg P, Hansson T H 1998 Muscular and kinematic behavior of the lumbar spine during flexion-extension. Journal Spinal Disorders 11(2):163

811.       Kaikkonen A, Kannus P, Jarvinen M. A performance test protocol and scoring scale for the evaluation of ankle injuries. Am J Sports Med 1994;22:462–9.[Abstract]

812.       Kalebo P, Allenmark C, Peterson L, et al. Diagnostic value of ultrasonography in partial ruptures of the Achilles tendon. Am J Sports Med 1992;20:378–81.[Abstract]

813.       Kalebo P, Goksor L-A, Sward L, et al. Soft tissue radiography, computed tomography and ultrasonography of partial Achilles tendon ruptures. Acta Radiol 1990;31:565–70.[Medline]

814.       Kalken v M, Beek v B. Graded activity bij chronische a-specifieke lage rugklachten.Beroepsopdracht Hogeschool van Amsterdam, 2002

815.       Kaltenborn F.M., Evjenth O., Volowitz E., Kaltenborn T.B., and Morgan D. (2002) Manual Mobilization of the Extremity Joints, 6th ed.  Oslo, Norway: Orthopedic Physical Therapy Products (OPTP).

816.       KAMKAR ABDULAZEEM, IRRANG JAMES J,. WHITNEY SUSAN L:, Nonoperative Management of Secondary Shoulder impingement syndrome.,JOSPT vol. 17,number 5; may 1993; 212-224.

817.       Kammer CS, Young CC, Niedfeldt MW: Swimming injuries and illnesses. Phys Sportsmed 1999;27(4):51-60

818.       Kampen W U, Tillmann B 1998 Age-related changes in the articular cartilage of human sacroiliac joint.  Anatomy Embryology (Berlin) 198(6):505

819.       Kannus P, Niittymaki S. Which factors predict outcome in the nonoperative treatment of patellofemoral pain syndrome? A prospective follow-up study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1994;26:289-96.

820.       Kannus P: Nonoperative treatment of grade II and III sprains of the lateral ligament compartment of the knee. Am J Sports Med 1989;17(1):83-88

821.       Kapandji I A 1970 The physiology of the joints II: the lower limb, 2nd edn. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh

822.       Kapandji I A 1974 The physiology of the joints III: the trunk and vertebral column, 2nd edn. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh

823.       Kapandji I A 1982 The Physiology of the Joints 5th edition Vol. 1: The upper limb Vol. 2: The lower limb Vol 3: The trunk and vertebral column Churchill Livingstone

824.       Kapandji I.A., Kauer J.M.G., Rutten-Dobber C.E. , Bewegingsleer 1 De bovenste extremiteit, Bohn Stafleu van Loghum , 2009, 9789031361694

825.       Kapandji I.A., Kauer J.M.G., Rutten-Dobber C.E. , Bewegingsleer 2 De onderste extremiteit, Bohn Stafleu van Loghum , 2009,  9789031361793

826.       Kapandji I.A., Kauer J.M.G., Rutten-Dobber C.E. , Bewegingsleer 3 De romp en de wervelkolom, Bohn Stafleu van Loghum , 2009, 9789031361809

827.       KAPANDJI I.A.: Bewegingsleer. Deel I. De bovenste extremiteit. Bohn  Stafleu Van Loghum.  Houtem/Diegem 1980.

828.       Kappel D A, Zilber S, Ketchum L D 1973 In vivo electrophysiology of tendons and applied current during tendon healing. In:Llaurado J G, Battocletti J H (eds) Biologic and clinical effects of low-frequency magnetic and electric fields. C C Thomas, Illinois, p 252

829.       Karasek, M., Melatonin, human aging, and age-related diseases, Experimental Gerontology 39, 1723-1729 (2004).

830.       Karger G. Zur klinik und Diagnostik des Achillessehnenrisses. Chirurgie 1939;11:691–5.

831.       Karjalainen PT, Soila K, Aronen HJ, et al. MR imaging of overuse injuries of the Achilles tendon. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2000;175:251–60.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

832.       Karlberg M, Persson L, Magnusson M 1995. Reduced postural control in patients with chronic cervicobrachial pain syndrome. Gait and Posture 3:241-249.

833.       Karst, G.M., & Willett, G.M. (2004). Effects of specific exercise instructions on abdominal muscle activity during trunk curl exercises. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 34, 4-12

834.       Keagy R D, Brumlik J 1966 Direct electromyography of the psoas major muscle in man. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 48A:1377

835.       Kebaetse M, McClure P, Pratt NA: Thoracic position effect on shoulder range of motion, strength, and three-dimensional scapular kinematics. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1999;80(8):945-950

836.       Kellett J. Acute soft tissue injuries: a review of the literature. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1986;18:489–500.[Medline]

837.       Kempf, H. D; Trainingsbuch Fitnessball, Reinbek: Rowohlt 1997

838.       Kendall F P, Kendall McCreary E, Provance P G 1993 Muscles testing and function, 4th edn. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore

839.       Kendall F P, McCreary E K, Provance P G 1993 Muscles Testing and Function 3rd edition Williams & Wilkins USA

840.       Kendall F.P, Kendall- McCreary E , Spieren, Bohn Stafleu Van Loghum Houten / Diegem 1986

841.       Kendall N, Watson P. 2000 Identifying psychosocial yellow flags and modifying management In: Gifford L, editor Topical issues in pain 2 - Biopsychosocial assessment and management p 131-139

842.       Ker RF. Dynamic tensile properties of the plantaris tendon of sheep (Ovis aries). J Exp Biol 1981;93:283–302.[Abstract]

843.       Khan K, Jill L, Cook PT. Overuse tendon injuries: where does the pain come from. Sports Medicine Arthroscopy Review 2000;8:17–31.

844.       Khan KM, Bonar F, Desmond PM, et al: Patellar tendinosis (jumper's knee): findings at histopathologic examination, US and MR imaging: Victorian Institute of Sport Tendon Study Group. Radiology 1996;200(3):821-827

845.       Khan KM, Cook JL, Bonar F, et al. Histopathology of common tendinopathies. Update and implications for clinical management. Sports Med 1999;27:393–408.[Medline]

846.       Khan KM, Cook JL, Kiss ZS, et al. Patellar tendon ultrasonography and jumper’s knee in female basketball players: a longitudinal study. Clin J Sport Med 1997;7:199–206.[Medline]

847.       Khan KM, Cook JL, Maffulli N, et al. Where is the pain coming from in tendinopathy? It may be biochemical, not only structural, in origin. Br J Sports Med 2000;34:81–3.[Free Full Text]

848.       Khan KM, Cook JL, Taunton JE, et al. Overuse tendinosis, not tendinitis. Part 1: A new paradigm for a difficult clinical problem. Physician and Sportsmedicine 2000;28:38–48.

849.       Khan KM, Maffulli N. Tendinopathy: an Achilles' heel for athletes and clinicians. Clin J Sport Med 1998;8:151–4.[Medline]

850.       Kibler WB , Uhl TL , Maddux JWQ,  Qualitative clinical evaluation of scapular dysfunction: a reliability study / Dec. 2002 Journal Shoulder Elbow Surg. vol. 11 nr. 6

851.       KIBLER WB : Role of the scapula in the overhead throwing motion.  Contemporary Orthopedics, 1994, Nr. 22, 525-533.

852.       Kibler WB, Chandler TJ, Shapiro R, Conuel M. Muscle activation in coupled scapulohumeral motions in the high-performance tennis serve. Br J Sports Med. 2007;41(11):745-749..

853.       Kibler WB, et al. Functional Rehabilitation of Sports and Musculoskeletal Injuries. Gaithersburg: Aspen Pubs; 1998. 181.

854.       Kibler WB, Herring SA, Press JM: Rehabilitation of the shoulder, in Kibler WB, Herring SA, Press JM, et al: Functional Rehabilitation of Sports and Musculoskeletal Injuries. Gaithersburg, MD, Aspen, 1998, pp 149-170

855.       Kibler WB, McMullen J, Uhl TL. Shoulder rehabilitation strategies,guidelines, and practice. Oper Tech Sports Med. 2000;8(4):258-267

856.       Kibler WB, McMullen J. Scapular dyskinesis and its relation to shoulder pain. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2003;11(2):142–151. [PubMed]

857.       Kibler WB, Sciascia AD, Uhl TL, Tambay N & Cunningham,  Electromyographic analysis of specific exercises for scapular control in early phases of shoulder rehabilitation,American Journal of Sports Medicine 2008; 36(9): 1789-1798

858.       Kibler WB, The role of the scapula in athletic shoulder function. Am J Sports Med 1998;26(2):325-337

859.       Kibler WB, Uhl TL, Maddux JW, et al: Qualitative clinical evaluation of scapular dysfunction: a reliability study. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2002:11(6):550-556

860.       KIBLER WB: Schoulder rehabilitation: principles and practice.  Medicine and science in sports and exercise, Official Journal of the American College of Sports Medicine,1998, S40-S50.

861.       King J , Cook J, Khan K, et al. Patellar Tendinopathy. Sports Med Arthroscopy Rev 2000;8:86–95.

862.       King JB, Perry DJ, Mourad K, Kumar SJ. Lesions of the patellar ligament. J Bone Joint Surg Br. Jan 1990;72(1):46-8. [Medline].

863.       King, T.I., 2nd, The effect of water temperature on hand volume during volumetric measurement using the water displacement method, J Hand Ther, 6 (1993) 202-4.

864.       Kinzey SJ, Armstrong CW. The reliability of the star-excursion test in assessing dynamic balance. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1998;27(5):356-360.

865.       Kirby KA (1989) Rotational equilibirum across the subtalar joint axis. Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 79(1): 1-14

866.       Kirkaldy-Willis W H (ed) 1983 Managing low back pain. Churchill Livingstone, New York

867.       Kirkaldy-Willis W H, Wedge J H, Yong-Hing K, Reilly J 1978 Pathology and pathogenesis of lumbar spondylosis and stenosis. Spine 3:319

868.       Kirkaldy-Willis, W.H. (1998) The three phases of the spectrum of degenerative disease. In: Managing Low Back Pain, second edition. Churchill-Livingston, New York.

869.       KIRKESOLA G., CD-ROM, The therapy Master.

870.       Kirtley, C. (2002). Clinical gait analysis. Clinical cases. Retrieved March 18, 2002 from http://guardian.curtin.edu.au/cga/case.html

871.       Kisner C. & Colby L.A. (2002). Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques, 4th ed.  Philadelphia, PA: F. A. Davis.

872.       Kisner, C. & Colby, L. (2002). Therapeutic Exercise Foundations & Techniques, 4th ed., F.A. Davis.

873.       Kissling R O, Jacob H A C 1997 The mobility of sacroiliac joints in healthy subjects. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R (eds) Movement, stability and low back pain. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 177

874.       Kitaoka HB, Patzer GL. Analysis of clinical grading scales for the foot and ankle. Foot Ankle Int 1997;18:443–6.[Medline]

875.       Klaber Moffet J A, Torgerson D, Bell-Syer 1999 Randomised controlled trail of exercise for low back pain: Clinical outcomes costs and preferences British Medical Journal 318(7199): 279-83

876.       Klein-Vogelbach S 1991 Functional Kinetics Springer-Verlag

877.       Klein-Vogelbach S 1991 Therapeutic Exercises in Functional Kinetics Springer-Verlag

878.       Klingman RE, Liaos SM, Hardin KM: The effect of subtalar joint posting on patellar glide position in subjects with excessive rearfoot pronation. J Othrop Sports Phys Ther 25:185, 1997

879.       Koblik PD, Freeman DM. Short echo time magnetic resonance imaging of tendon. Invest Radiol 1993;28:1095–100.[Medline]

880.       Koh TJ, Grabiner MD, De Swart RJ. In vivo tracking of the human patella. J Biomech 1992;25:637-43.

881.       Koivunen-Niemela T, Parkkola K. Anatomy of the Achilles tendon (tendo calcaneus) with respect to tendon. Surg Radiol Anat 1995;17:263–8.[Medline]

882.       KOK G.J., MESKERS C.G.M., VERMEULEN H.M., VAN DEN ENDE C.H.M.: De fysiotherapeutische behandeling van de atraumatische recidiverende instabiele schouder. Jaarboek fysiotherapie kinesitherapie, Bohn Stafleu Van Loghum, 1998, 53-81.

883.       Kokmeyer, D.J., Van der Wurff, P., Aufdenkampe, G., Fickenscher, T.C.M. The Reliability of Multitest Regimens With Sacroiliac Pain Provocation Tests. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 2002;25(1):42-48.

884.     Kolar P. Facilitation of Agonist-Antagonist Co-Activation by Reflex Stimulation Methods. In: Rehabilitation of the Spine: A Practitioner's Manual, 2nd ed., Liebenson C, Ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2007

885.       Kolowich PA, Paulos LE, Rosenberg TD, et al: Lateral release of the patella: indications and contraindications. Am J Sports Med 1990;18(4):359-365

886.       Komi PV, Fukashiro S, Jarvinen, M. Biomechanical loading of Achilles tendon during normal locomotion. Clin Sports Med 1992;11:521–31.[Medline]

887.       Komi PV, Salonen M, Jarvinen M, et al. In vivo registration of Achilles tendon forces in man. I. Methodological development. Int J Sports Med 1987;8(suppl 1):3–8.[Medline]

888.       Komi PV. Relevance of in vivo force measurements to human biomechanics. J Biomech 1990;23(suppl 1):23–34.[Medline]

889.       Konerding, M.A.; Sedelmaier, A.: (jbungen mit dem Gymnastikball far Gesunde und Patienten. Sissel 1994

890.       Kopp JR, Alexander H, et al: The use of lumbar extension in the evaluation and treatment of patients with acute herniated nucleus pulposus. A preliminary report. Clin. Orthop. 1986;202:211-217.

891.       Koslow P.A, Prosser L.A, Strony G.A, Suchecki S.L, Mattingly G.E. Specificity of the lateral scapular slide test in asymptomatic competitive athletes. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2003;33(6):331–336. [PubMed]

892.       Krämer J. Intervertebral Disk diseases. 1981, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, New York

893.       Kramer PJ: Patellar malalignment syndrome: Rationale to reduce excessive lateral pressure. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 8:301-309, 1986.

894.       Kraushaar BS, Nirschl RP: Tendinosis of the elbow (tennis elbow): clinical features and findings of histological, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopy studies. J Bone Joint Surg (Am) 1999;81(2):269-278

895.       Kristiansson P 1997 S-Relaxin and pelvic pain in pregnant women. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R (eds) Movement, stability and low back pain. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 421

896.       Krushell C  Isolated rupture of the tendon of the subscapularis muscle. Clinical features in 16 cases. J Bone Joint Surg 73B, 1991:389-394.

897.       Kuhn DR, Yochum TR, Cherry AR, Rodgers SS. Immediate changes in the quadriceps femoris angle after insertion of an orthotic device. J Manip Physiol Ther 2002;25(7):465-470.

898.       Kujala UM, Osterman K, Kormano M, et al. Patellofemoral relationships in recurrent patellar dislocation. J Bone Joint Surg Br. Nov 1989;71(5):788-92. [Medline].

899.       Kujala UM, Salminen JJ, Taimela S, Oksanen A, Jaakkola L. Subject characteristics and low back pain in young athletes and nonathletes. Med Sci Sports Exer. 1992;24(6): 627–32.

900.       Kumar S, Narayan Y. Torque and EMG in isometric graded flexion-rotation and extension-rotation. Ergonomics. 2001;44:795–813. doi: 10.1080/00140130110045802. [PubMed] [Full Text]

901.       Kvist H, Kvist M. The operative treatment of chronic calcaneal paratenonitis. J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 1980;62:353–7.[Medline]

902.       Kvist M, Jozsa L, Jarvinen M, et al. Chronic Achilles paratenonitis in athletes: a histological and histochemical study. Pathology 1987;19:1–11.[Medline]

903.       Kvist M, Jozsa L, Jarvinen M, et al. Fine structural alterations in chronic Achilles paratenonitis in athletes. Pathol Res Pract 1985;180:416–23.[Medline]

904.       Kvist M, Lehto M, Jozsa L, et al. Chronic Achilles paratenonitis. An immunohistologic study of fibronectin and fibrinogen. Am J Sports Med 1988;16:616–23.[Abstract]

905.       Kvist M. Achilles tendon injuries in athletes. Ann Chir Gynaecol 1991;80:188–201.[Medline]

906.       Kvist M. Achilles tendon injuries in athletes. Sports Med 1994;18:173–201.[Medline]

907.       Kvist M. Achilles tendon overuse injuries. A clinical and pathophysiological study in athletes with special reference to Achilles paratenonitis. PhD thesis, University of Turku, Finland,, 1991.

908.       Kvitne RS, Jobe FW: The diagnosis and treatment of anterior instability in the throwing athlete. Clin Orthop 1993;291(Jun):107-123

909.       L. Ombreght, P. Bisschop, H. J. ter Veer, T. van de velde, “A system of Orthopedic Medicine; 1995,974,

910.       Labey Luc, Doctoraat KUL 2003 , Fixatiesterkte en stabiliteit van de tibiale component van knieprothesen,  http://www.kuleuven.be/doctoraatsverdediging/0304/037.htm

911.       LaBotz, M., 2004, Patellofemoral Syndrome, Diagnostic Pointers and Individualized Treatment, THE PHYSICIAN AND SPORTSMEDICINE, VOL 32 - NO. 7 - JULY 2004

912.       Lackner, J. R. and DiZio, P., Vestibular, proprioceptive, and haptic contributions to spatial orientation, Annual Review of Psychology 56,115-147 (2005)

913.       Lalonde, R. and Strazielle, C., Brain regions and genes affecting postural control, Progress in Neurobiology 81,45-60 (2007)

914.       Lam S S, Jull G, Treleaven J 1999 Lumbar spine kinesthesia in patients with low back pain J Orthopeadic Sports Physical Therapy 29[5] 294-299

915.       Landorf KB, Keenan A-M. Efficacy of foot orthoses. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2000;90(3):149-158.

916.       Langberg H, Bulow J, Kjaer M. Blood flow in the peritendinous space of the human Achilles tendon during exercise. Acta Physiol Scand 1998;163:149–53.[Medline]

917.       Langberg H, Skovgaard D, Bulow J, et al. Negative interstitial pressure in the peritendinous region during exercise. J Appl Physiol 1999;87:999–1002.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

918.       Lanning C. L., Uhl T. L., Ingram C. L., Mattacola C. G., English T., Newsom S. Baseline values of trunk endurance and hip strength in collegiate athletes. J Athl Train. Oct-Nov 2006;41(4):427-434.

919.       Lasett M. Clinical perspective: Evidence-based diagnosis and treatment of the painful sacroiliac joint. J Man Manip Ther. 2008;16:142–152

920.       Laslett M 1997 Pain provocation sacroiliac joint tests: reliability and prevalence. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R (eds) Movement, stability and low back pain. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 287

921.       Laslett M, Aprill CN, McDonald B, Young SB, Diagnosing painful sacroiliac joints: A validity study of a McKenzie evaluation and sacroiliac provocation tests, Aust J Physiother.2003;49(2):89-97

922.       Laslett M, Aprill CN, McDonald B, Young SB, Diagnosis of Sacroiliac Joint Pain of individual provocation tests and composites of tests, Man Ther. 2005 Aug;10(3):207-18

923.       Laslett M, Williams M, The reliability of selected pain provocation tests for sacroiliac joint

924.       Laslett M, Williams W 1994 The reliability of selected pain provocation tests for sacroiliac joint pathology. Spine 19(11):1243

925.       Laslett, M. Pain Provocation Tests for Diagnosis of Sacroiliac Joint Pain. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, 2006;52:229.

926.       Laslett, M., Aprill, C.N., McDonald, B., Young S.B. Diagnosis of Sacroiliac Joint Pain: Validity of Individual Provocation Tests and Composites of Tests. Manual Therapy, 2005; 10:207-218.

927.       Laslett, M., Young, S.B., Aprill, C.N., McDonald,B. Diagnosing Painful Sacroiliac Joints: A Validity Study of a McKenzie Evaluation and Sacroiliac Provocation Tests. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, 2003;49:89-97.

928.       Laughlin T, Delves J: Total Immersion: The Revolutionary Way to Swim Better, Faster, and Easier. New York City, Simon and Schuster/Fireside, 1996

929.       Lauritis, M.Dc The scapula's role in glenohumeral joint movements with implications for resistance exercises. In: Strength and Conditioning (April 1997),28-32

930.       Lavignolle B, Vital J M, Senegas J, Destandau J, Toson B, Bouyx P, Morlier P, Delorme G, Calabet A 1983 An approach to the functional anatomy of the sacroiliac joints in vivo. Anatomica Clinica 5:169

931.       Laws G, Walton M: Fibroblastic healing of grade II ligament injuries: histological and mechanical studies in the sheep. J Bone Joint Surg (Br) 1988;70(3): 390-396

932.       Lawson T L, Foley W D, Carrera G F, Berland L L 1982 The sacroiliac joints: anatomic, plain roentgenographic, and computed tomographic analysis. Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography 6(2):307

933.       Leach RE, Schepsis AA, Takai H. Long-term results of surgical management of Achilles tendinitis in runners. Clin Orthop 1992;208–12.

934.       Leadbetter WB. Cell-matrix response in tendon injury. Clin Sports Med 1992;11:533–78.[Medline]

935.       Lear LJ, & Gross MT. (1998) An electromyographical analysis of the scapular stabilizing synergists during a push-up progression J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1998 Sep;28(3):146-57.

936.       Leard, J.S., Breglio, L., Fraga, L., Ellrod, N., Nadler, L., Yasso, M., Fay, E., Ryan, K. and Pellecchia, G.L., Reliability and concurrent validity of the figure-of-eight method of measuring hand size in patients with hand pathology, J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, 34 (2004) 335-40.

937.       Leblanc JM. Patellar complications in total knee arthroplasty. A literature review. Orthop Rev. Mar 1989;18(3):296-304. [Medline].

938.       Leclaire R, Esdaile JM, Jequier JC, Hanley J, Rossignol M and Bourdouxhe M. Diagnostic accuracy of technologies used in low back pain assessment. Thermography, Triaxial Dynamometry, Spinoscopy, and Clinical Eaxamination. Spine, 21:1325-1331, 1996.

939.       Lederman E. (1997): Fundamentals of Manual Therapy–Physiology, Neurology and Psychology.  New York: Churchill-Livingstone.

940.       Lee 2002 The Compressor. www.optp.com

941.       Lee D G 1992 Intra-articular versus extra-articular dysfunction of the sacroiliac joint—a method of differentiation. IFOMT Proceedings, 5th international conference. Vail, Colorado, p 69

942.       Lee D G 1996 Rotational instability of the mid- thoracic spine: assessment and management Manual Therapy 1(5): 234-241

943.       Lee D G 1997a Instability of the sacroiliac joint and the consequences for gait. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R (eds) Movement, stability and low back pain. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 231

944.       Lee D G 1997b Treatment of pelvic instability. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R (eds) Movement, stability and low back pain. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 445

945.       Lee D G 1999 The Pelvic Girdle Churchill Livingstone 2nd Edition

946.       Lee D G 2001 An integrated model of “joint” function and its clinical application.  In: Proceedings from the 4th Interdisciplinary World Congress on Low Back and Pelvic Pain.  Montreal, Canada, p 137

947.       Lee D G 2001 Imagery for core stabilization. Diane G. Lee Physiotherapist Corporation, Surrey, Canada, www.dianelee.ca

948.       Lee D G 2003 The Thorax – An Integrated Approach. Diane G. Lee Physiotherapist Corporation, Surrey, Canada, www.dianelee.ca

949.       Lee D G, Vleeming A 1998 Impaired load transfer through the pelvic girdle – a new model of altered neutral zone function.  In: Proceedings from the 3rd Interdisciplinary World Congress on Low Back and Pelvic Pain. Vienna, Austria

950.       Lee D G, Vleeming A 2003 The management of pelvic joint pain and dysfunction. In:  Jull G (ed) Grieve’s modern manual therapy of the vertebral column, 3rd edn. Elsevier Science (at press)

951.       Lee D G, Walsh M C 1996 A workbook of manual therapy techniques for the vertebral column and pelvic girdle, 2nd edn. Nascent, Vancouver

952.       Lee E, Maffulli N, Li CK, et al. Pulsed magnetic and electromagnetic fields in experimental Achilles tendonitis in the rat: a prospective randomised study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1997;78:399–404.[Medline]

953.       Lee L J 2003 Restoring force closure/motor control of the thorax. Chapter 7 in: The Thorax – an Integrated

954.       Lee TQ, Morris G, Csintalan RP. The influence of tibial and femoral rotation on patellofemoral contact area and pressure. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2003;33:686-693.

955.       LEEMKUIL E.:Schulter und schultergürtel, Undersuchung und mobilisation der Extremtätengelenke und des Kiefergelenkes.,Praxis physiotherapie,Enke, 1998,

956.       LEFEVRERE F.: Onuitgegeven cursus Elektrotherapie, Hogeschool Hiepso Kortrijk. Afdeling Kinesitherapie 1998-1999.

957.       Lehman GJ, Hoda W, Oliver S., 2005, Trunk muscle activity during bridging exercises on and off a Swiss ball, Chiropr Osteopat. 2005 Jul 30;13:14.

958.       Lehman GJ, McGill SM. Quantification of the differences in electromyogrphic activity magnitude between the upper and lower portions of the rectus abdominis muscle during selected trunk exercises. Physical Therapy. 2001;81:1096–1101. [PubMed] [Full Text]

959.       Lehman GJ, McGill SM. The importance of normalization in the interpretation of surface electromyography: a proof of principle. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1999;22:444-446. Medline

960.       Lehman, G.J., & McGill, S.M. (2001). Quantification of the differences in electromyographic activity magnitude between the upper and lower portions of the rectus abdominis muscle during selected trunk exercises. Physical Therapy, 81, 1096-1101

961.       Leijnse JN, Snijders CJ, Bonte JE, Landsmeer JM, Kalker JJ, Van der Meulen JC, et al. The hand of the musician: the kinematics of the bidigital finger system with anatomical restrictions. J Biomech 1993;26(10):1169-79

962.       Leijnse JN, Walbeehm ET, Sonneveld GJ, Hovius SE, Kauer JM. Connections between the tendons of the musculus flexor digitorum profundus involving the synovial sheaths in the carpal tunnel. Acta Anat (Basel) 1997;160(2):112-22

963.       Leijnse JN. A generic morphological model of a muscle group--application to the muscles of the forearm. Acta Anat (Basel) 1997;160(2):100-11

964.       Leijnse JN. A generic morphological model of the anatomic variability in the m. flexor digitorum profundus, m. flexor pollicis longus and mm. lumbricales complex. Acta Anat (Basel) 1997;160(1):62-74

965.       Leijnse JN. Anatomical factors predisposing to focal dystonia in the musician's hand--principles, theoretical examples, clinical significance. J Biomech 1997;30(7):659-69.

966.       Leijnse JN. The controllability of the unloaded human finger with superficial or deep flexor. J Biomech 1997;30(11-12):1087-93

967.       Leinonen V, Kankaanpaa M, Luukkonen M, Hanninen O, Airaksinen O, Taimela S 2001 Disc herniation-related back pain impairs feed-forward control of paraspinal muscles Spine 26(16): E367-E372

968.       Lemm M, Blake RL, Colson JP, et al. Achilles peritendinitis. A literature review with case report. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 1992;82:482–90.[Medline]

969.       Lephart S M, Warner J J, Borsa P A, Fu F H. 1994 Proprioception of the shoulder joint in healthy unstable and surgically repaired shoulders J Shoulder Elbow Surg Nov: 371-8

970.       Lephart S: Reestablishing proprioception, kinesthesia, joint position sense, and neuromuscular control in rehabilitation, in Prentice WE (ed): Rehabilitation Techniques in Sports Medicine. St Louis, CV Mosby, 1994

971.       LEPHART SCOTT M., PhD, ATC, and HENRY TIMOTHY J., MS, ATC: Functional rehabilitation for the upper and lower extremity.  Orthopedic Clinics of North America, vol. 26, number 3,july 1995, 579-591.

972.       Lephart SM, Giraldo JL, Borsa PA, Fu FH. Knee joint proprioception: a comparison between female intercollegiate gymnasts and controls. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 1996;4:121–124.

973.       Lephart SM, Warner JJP, Borsa PA, Fu FH. Proprioception of the shoulder joint in healthy, unstable, and surgically repaired shoulders. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 1994;3:371–380.

974.       Leppilahti J, Orava S, Karpakka J, et al. Overuse injuries of the Achilles tendon. Ann Chir Gynaecol 1991;80:202–7.[Medline]

975.       Levangie P, Norkin C. 2001, Joint structure and function: A comprehensive analysis. 3rd ed. Philadelphia (PA): FA Davis Co.;

976.       Levangie, P.K. Four Clinical Tests of Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction: The Association of Test Results With Innominate Torsion Among Patients With and Without Low Back Pain. Physical Therapy, 1999;79(11):1043-1057.

977.       Levin S M 1997 A different approach to the mechanics of the human pelvis: tensegrity. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R (eds) Movement, stability and low back pain. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 157

978.       Levin, U., Nilsson-Wikmar, L., Harms-Ringdahl, K., Stenström, C.H. Variability of Forces Applied by Experienced Physiotherapists During Provocation of the Sacroiliac Joint. Clinical Biomechanics, 2001;16:300-306.

979.       Levin, U., Nilsson-Wikmar, L., Stenström, C.H. Variability Within and Between Evaluations of Sacroiliac Pain With the Use of Distraction Testing. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 2005;28(9):688-695.

980.       Levin, U., Stenström, C.H. Force and Time Recording for Validating the Sacroiliac Distraction Test. Clinical Biomechanics, 2003;18:821-826.

981.       Levine J. Chondromalacia patellae. Physician Sportsmed. 1979;7:41-49.

982.       Levinger Pazit & Gilleard Wendy, Rearfoot posture of individuals with PFPS, Journal of Sports Science and Medicine (2004) 3 (YISI 1), 8-14

983.       Lewis Cl,  Ferris D, Walking with Increased Ankle Pushoff Decreases Hip Muscle Moments, J Biomech. 2008 July 19; 41(10): 2082–2089

984.       Lewit K 1988. Disturbed balance due to lesions of the cranio-cervical junction. J Orth Med 3:58-61.

985.       Lewit K 1999. Manipulative Therapy in Rehabilitation of the Motor System. 3rd edition. London: Butterworths.

986.       Lian O , Holen KJ, Engebretsen L, et al. Relationship between symptoms of jumper’s knee and the ultrasound characteristics of the patellar tendon among high level male volleyball players. Scand J Med Sci Sports 1996;6:291–6.[Medline]

987.       Liebenson C, Hyman J, Gluck N, Murphy D. Spinal stabilization. Top Clin Chiro 1996;3(3):60-74.

988.       Liebenson C,, Core Training: The Importance of the Diaphragm, Dynamic Chiropractic – August 13, 2007, Vol. 25, Issue 17

989.       Lieber R 1992 Skeletal Muscle Structure and Function: Implications for Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine. Williams & Wilkins

990.       Lieber, R.L.& Bodine-Fowler, S.C. (1993). Skeletal muscle mechanics: Implications for rehabilitation. Physical Therapy, 73, 844-856.

991.       Lieber, R.L., & Friden, J. (2002). Spasticity causes a fundamental rearrangement of muscle-joint interaction. Muscle Nerve, 25, 265-70.

992.       Lindberg U, Lysholm J, Gillquist J. The correlation between arthroscopic findings and the patellofemoral pain syndrome. Arthroscopy. 1986;2(2):103-7. [Medline].

993.       Linscheid RL. Historical perspective of finger joint motion: the hand-me-downs of our predecessors. The Richard J. Smith Memorial Lecture. J Hand Surg [Am] 2002;27(1):1-25

994.       Linton R, Indelicato P: Medial ligament injuries, in DeLee JC, Drez D Jr (eds): Orthopaedic Sports Medicine: Principles and Practice. Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1994, pp 1261-1274

995.       Liu SH, Henry MH: Anterior shoulder instability: current review. Clin Orthop 1996;323(Feb):327-337

996.       Ljungqvist R. Subcutaneous partial rupture of the Achilles tendon. Acta Orthop Scand Suppl 1967;113:1–82.

997.       Loeser  J. University of Washington. Slide presentation, NASS meeting, October 1996

998.       Lohman A , H. ten Donkelaar (1997). Klinische Anatomie en Embryologie, Eerste druk, Wetenschappelijke uitgeverij Bunge, p.810.

999.       Long A.: The centralisation phenomenon: its usefulness as a predictor of outcome in conservative treatment of chronic low back pain. A pilot study. Spine, 1995;23:2513-21.

1000.   Loram, I. D. and Lakie, M., Human balancing of an inverted pendulum: position control by small, ballistic-like,throw and catch movements, Journal of Physiology- London 540, 1111-1124 (2002).

1001.   Loudon JK, Jenkins W, Loudon KL. The relationship between static posture and ACL injury in female athletes. J Ortho Sports Phys Ther 1996;24:91-97.

1002.   Loudon JK, Ruhl M, Field E 1997 Ability to reproduce head position after whiplash injury Spine  Apr 15;22(8): 865-8

1003.   Loudon JK, Wiesner D ,. Goist-Foley HL, Asjes C,  Loudon KL, Efficacy of the Star Excursion Balance Tests in Detecting Reach Deficits in Subjects With Chronic Ankle Instability, J Athl Train. 2002 Jul–Sep; 37(3): 256–261. 

1004.   Loudon,JK, Wiesner D; Goist-Foley H.L., Asjes C., Loudon KL,,(2002)    Intrarater Reliability of Functional Performance Tests for Subjects With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, J Athl Train. 2002 Jul–Sep; 37(3): 256–261.

1005.   Lovett R W 1903 A contribution to the study of the mechanics of the spine. American Journal of Anatomy 2:457

1006.   Lowdon A, Bader DL, Mowat AG. The effect of heel pads on the treatment of Achilles tendinitis: a double. Am J Sports Med 1984;12:431–5.[Abstract]

1007.   Lucas D, Bresler B 1961 Stability of the ligamentous spine.  In: Tech report No. 40, Biomechanics laboratory, University of California, San Fransisco

1008.   Ludewig PM, Cook TM: Alterations in shoulder kinematics and associated muscle activity in people with symptoms of shoulder impingement. Phys Ther 2000;80(3):276-291

1009.   Luk K D K, Ho H C, Leong J C Y 1986 The iliolumbar ligament: a study of its anatomy, development and clinical significance. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 68B:197

1010.   Lukasiewicz AC, McClure P, Michener L, et al: Comparison of 3-dimensional scapular position and orientation between subjects with and without shoulder impingement. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1999;29(10):574-583

1011.   Luoto S, Heliovaara M, Hurri H, Alaranta H. Static back endurance and the risk of low-back pain. Clin Biomech 1995;10:323-324.

1012.   Luoto S, Taimela S, Hurri H, et al. Spine 1996;21:2621-2627. Psychomotor speed and postural control in chronic low back pain patients.

1013.   Luoto, S., Helioraara, M., Hurri, H., Alavanta, M. (1995) Static back endurance and the risk of low back pain. Clin. Biomech. 10: 323-324.

1014.   Luttgens, Hamilton & Wendi (2002). Kinesiology: Scientific Basis of Human Motion. New York, McGraw-Hill. p.284

1015.   Lynch F W 1920 The pelvic articulations during pregnancy, labor, and the puerperium. Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics 30:575

1016.   LYONS Patrick M. and ORWIN J. F.: Rotator cuff tendinopathy and subacromial impingement syndrome.  Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Official Journal of College of Sports Medicine, 1998, S12-S17.

1017.   M A Young, J L Cook, C R Purdam, Z S Kiss and H Alfredson, 2005,  Eccentric decline squat protocol offers superior results at 12 months compared with traditional eccentric protocol for patellar tendinopathy in volleyball players, Br J Sports Med; 39:102-105

1018.   MacConaill M A, Basmajian J V 1977 Muscles and movements; a basis for human kinesiology, 2nd edn. Krieger, New York

1019.   MacDonald G R, Hunt T E 1951 Sacro-iliac joint observations on the gross and histological changes in the various age groups. Canadian Medical Association Journal 66:157

1020.   MacDonald PB, Hedden D, Pacin O, Sutherland K. Proprioception in anterior cruciate ligament-deficient and reconstructed knees. Am J Sports Med. 1996 24(6):774–778.Nov–Dec; [PubMed]

1021.   MacLellan GE, Vyvyan B. Management of pain beneath the heel and Achilles tendonitis with visco-elastic heel inserts. Br J Sports Med 1981;15:117–21.[Medline]

1022.   MacNab I 1977 Backache. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore

1023.   MACNAB I., M.B., ChB., F.R.C.S.C. and McCULLOCH J., M.D., F.R.C.S.C.: Neck ache and shoulder pain. Williams and Wilkins, 1996, 252-465.

1024.   Macpherson, J. M. and Horak, F. B., Chapter 39: Posture, in. Principles of Neural Science, Ed. by Kandel E.R., etc., McGraw Hill (2007).

1025.   Maenhout A, Van Praet K, Pizzi L, Van Herzeele M, Cools A., Electromyographic analysis of knee push up plus variations: what's the influence of the kinetic chain on scapular muscle activity?, Br J Sports Med. 2009 Sep 18.

1026.   Mäenpää H, Lehto MU. Patellar dislocation has predisposing factors. A roentgenographic study onlateral and tangential views in patients and healthy controls. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 1996;4(4):212-6. [Medline].

1027.   Mäenpää H, Lehto MU. Surgery in acute patellar dislocation--evaluation of the effect of injury mechanism and family occurrence on the outcome of treatment. Br J Sports Med. Dec 1995;29(4):239-41. [Medline].

1028.   Maffulli N, Barrass V, Ewen SWB. Light microscopic histology of Achilles tendon ruptures. A comparison with unruptured tendons. Am J Sports Med 2000;28:857–63.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

1029.   Maffulli N, Benazzo F. Basic science of tendons. Sports Medicine Arthroscopy Review 2000;8:1–5.

1030.   Maffulli N, Binfield PM, Moore D, et al. Surgical decompression of chronic central core lesions of the Achilles tendon. Am J Sports Med 1999;27:747–52.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

1031.   Maffulli N, Khan KM, Puddu G. Overuse tendon conditions: time to change a confusing terminology. Arthroscopy 1998;14:840–3.[Medline]

1032.   Maffulli N, Testa V, Capasso G, et al. Results of percutaneous longitudinal tenotomy for Achilles tendinopathy in middle- and long-distance runners. Am J Sports Med 1997;25:835–40.[Abstract]

1033.   Maffulli N, Testa V, Capasso G. Use of a tourniquet in the internal fixation of fractures of the distal part of the fibula. A prospective, randomized trial. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1993;75:700–3.[Abstract]

1034.   Maffulli N. Rupture of the Achilles tendon. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1999;81:1019–36.[Free Full Text]

1035.   Mafi N, Lorentzon R, Alfredson H. Superior short-term results with eccentric calf muscle training compared to concentric training in a randomized prospective multicenter study on patients with chronic Achilles tendinosis. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2001;9:42–7.[Medline]

1036.   MAGAREY M., JONES M.: Klinische diagnose en behandeling van functionele schouderinstabiliteit, Stimulus, 13e jaargang, nummer 2, 1994, 111-131.

1037.   Magee DJ. Orthopedic physical assessment. 3d ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1997:247-74.

1038.   Magid A, Law  DJ 1985  Myofibrils bear most of the resting tension in frog skeletal muscle. Science Dec 13;230(4731):1280-2

1039.   Maglischo EW: Swimming Even Faster. Mountain View, CA, Mayfield Publishing Company, 1993

1040.   Magora A. Investigation of the relation between low back pain and occupation. 7. Neurologic and orthopedic conditions. Scand J Rehab Med,  7:146-151, 1975.

1041.   Maigne J Y 1997 Lateral dynamic X-rays in the sitting position and coccygeal discography in common stability and  low back pain. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 385

1042.   Maigne, J.Y., Aivaliklis, A., Pfefer, F. Results of Sacroiliac Joint Double Block an Value of Sacroiliac Pain Provocation Tests in 54 Patients With Low Back Pain. Spine, 1996;21(16):1889-1892.

1043.   Maitland GD 1986 Vertebral manipulation. 5th edition Butterworth Heinemann

1044.   Makhsous M, Lin F, et. al. In vivo and Noninvasive Load Sharing among the Vasti in Patellar Malalignment. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. Vol. 36. No. 10, p 1768-1775, 2004.

1045.   Makofsky H 2003 Position-Assisted Combination Technique (PACT) in the management of type-II impairment in the thoracic and lumbar spine.  JMMT 11(4):213

1046.   Mandelbaum et al.; Effectiveness of a neuromuscular and proprioceptive training program in preventing ACL-injuries in female athletes => 2-year follow-up. American Journal of Sports Medicine 2005, Vol.33(7).

1047.   Mangine RE, Eifert-Mangine M, Burch D, et al. Postoperative management of the patellofemoral patient. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. Nov 1998;28(5):323-35. [Medline].

1048.   Marans HJ, Angel KR, Schemitsch BH, et al: The fate of traumatic anterior dislocation of the shoulder in children. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1992;74(8):1242-1244

1049.   Marks AA. Manual of artificial limbs. New York: A.A. Marks Inc., 1905:17-20.

1050.   Marras, W, Joynt RL, and King AI. The force-velocity relation and intra-abdominal pressure during lifting activities. Ergonomics 28: 603-613, 1985.

1051.   Marsh RL, Ellerby DJ, Carr, JA et. al. Partitioning the Energetics of Walking and Running: Swinging the Limbs Is Expensive. Science

1052.   MARTENS M.: 'Rotator cuff' pathologie. Tijdschrift Reuma en trauma, 35-36.

1053.   Masani, K., Vette, A. H. and Popovic, M. R., Controlling balance during quiet standing: Proportional and derivative controller generates preceding motor command to body sway position observed in experiments, Gait & Posture 23,164-172 (2006)

1054.   Mascal CL, Landel R, Powers C, Management of Patellofemoral Pain Targeting Hip, Pelvis, and Trunk Muscle Function: 2 Case Reports, J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, Volume 33,Number 11, November 2003

1055.   Massie DL. Influence of lower extremity biomechanics and muscle imbalances on the lumbar spine. Athletic Ther Today. 1999;3:46–51.

1056.   Matre DA, Sinkjaer T, Svensson P, Arendt-Nielsen L 1998 Experimental muscle pain increases the human stretch reflex. Pain 75(2-3): 331-9

1057.   Mattes A. Active Isolated Stretching. Available at www.stretchingusa.com.

1058.   Matthew S. Feigenbaum, Michael L. Pollock, Strength Training; Rationale for Current Guidelines for Adult Fitness Programs, The Physician and Sportsmedicine, Vol. 25, no. 2, February 1997

1059.   Matthews DE, Roberts T: Intraarticular lidocaine versus intravenous analgesic for reduction of acute anterior shoulder dislocations: a prospective randomized study. Am J Sports Med 1995;23(1):54-58

1060.   Mattila M, Hurme M, Alaranta H, Paljarvi L, Kalimo H, Falck B, Lehto M, Einola S, Jarvinen M 1986 The multifidus muscle in patients with lumbar disc herniation.  Spine 11(7):732

1061.   May EJ, Silfverskiold KL, Sollerman CJ: Controlled mobilization after flexor tendon repair in zone II: a prospective comparison of three methods, J Hand Surg 17A:942, 1992

1062.   McArdle W D, Katch F I, Katch V L 1991 Exercise physiology.  Energy, nutrition, and human performance, 3rd edn.  Lea & Febiger, Malvern PA

1063.   McClure PW, Michener LA, Sennett BJ, et al: Direct 3-dimensional measurement of scapular kinematics during dynamic movements in vivo. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2001;10(3):269-277

1064.   McClure W. P., Flowers K.R.: Treatment of limited shoulder motion , Physical Therapy, Volume 72, Nr. 12, 1992., pp.97-103.

1065.   McConnell J. Patellofemoral joint complications and considerations. In: Ellenbecker TS, ed. Knee Ligament Rehabilitation. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 2000:202-224

1066.   McConnell J: The management of chondromalacia patellae: a long term solution. Austr J Physiother 1986;32:215-223

1067.   McGill (1997) ‘Low Back Loads over a Variety of Abdominal Exercises: Searching for the Safest Abdominal Challenge,’ Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Vol. 29(6), pp. 804-811

1068.   McGill S 2002 Low Back Disorders. Evidence-Based Prevention and Rehabilitation. Human Kinetics, Champaign, IL

1069.   McGill S, Juker D, Kropf P. Appropriately placed surface EMG electrodes reflect deep muscle activity (Psoas, Quadratus Lumborum, Abdominal Wall) in the lumbar spine. Journal of Biomechanics. 1996;29:1503–1507. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(96)84547-7. [PubMed] [Full Text]

1070.   McGill SM, Juker D, Kropf P. Quantitative intramuscular myoelectric activity of quadratus lumborum during a wide variety of tasks. Clin Biomech 1996;11(3):170-172.

1071.   McGill SM. A myoelectrically based dynamic three-dimensional model to predict loads on lumbar spine tissues during lateral bending. Journal of Biomechanics. 1992;25:395–414. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(92)90259-4. [PubMed]

1072.   McGill University. Molson Medical Informatics Project. (1999). Normal gait. Retrieved March 18, 2002, from http://sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/gait/normal/movie2.asp

1073.   McGill, S.M. (1997) The biomechanics of low back injury: Implications on current practice in industry and the clinic. J. Biomech. 30: 465-475.

1074.   McGill, S.M. Invited Paper. (1998) Low back exercises: Evidence for improving exercise regimens. Physical Therapy 78(7): 754-765.

1075.   McGill, S.M., and Cholewicki, J. (2001) Biomechanical basis for stability: An explanation to enhance clinical ability. J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. 31(2): 96-100.

1076.   McGill, S.M., Childs, A. Liebenson, C. (1999) Endurance times for stabilization exercises: Clinical targets for testing and training from a normal database. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehab. 80: 941-944.

1077.   McGill, S.M., Low Back Disorders: Evidence based prevention and rehabilitation, Human Kinetics Publishers, Champaign, Illinois, 2002.

1078.   McGill, S.M., Sharratt, M.T., Seguin, J.P. (1995) Loads on spinal tissues during simultaneous lifting and ventilatory challenge. Ergonomics 38: 1772-1792.

1079.   McKeag DB, Hough DO. Primary care sports medicine. Dubuque, Ia.: Brown & Benchmark, 1993: 537-72.

1080.   McKenzie D, Gandevia et al 1994 Dynamic changes in the zone of apposition and diaphragm length during maximal respiratory efforts.  Thorax 49:634

1081.   McKenzie RA: The Lumbar Spine, 1981, Spinal Publications, New Zealand.

1082.   McKenzie, DK, Gandevia SC. Phrenic nerve conduction times and twitch pressures of the human diaphragm. J Appl Physiol 58: 1496-1504, 1985.

1083.   McMaster WC, Troup J: A survey of interfering shoulder pain in United States competitive swimmers. Am J Sports Med 1993;21(1):67-70

1084.   McNally DS, Adams MA:: Internal intervertebral disc mechanics as revealed by stress profilometry. Spine, 1992,17;1:66-73

1085.   McNally EG, Ostlere SJ, Pal C, et al. Assessment of patellar maltracking using combined static and dynamic MRI. Eur Radiol. 2000;10(7):1051-5. [Medline].

1086.   McNeill Alexander R 1995 Elasticity in mammalian backs. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C (eds) Second interdisciplinary world congress on low back pain: The integrated function of the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joint, Part 1, San Diego, California, p 7

1087.   McNeill Alexander R 1997 Elasticity in human and animal backs. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R (eds) Movement, stability and low back pain. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 227

1088.   McPartland 1997 McPartland J M, Brodeur R R, Hallegren R C  1997 Chronic neck pain, standing balance, and suboccipital muscle atrophy - a pilot study  J Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics  20(1): 24-9

1089.   McPartland JM, Brodeur RR, Hallgren RC 1997. Chronic neck pain, standing balance, and suboccipital muscle atrophy -a pilot study. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 20:24-29.

1090.   McPoil T, Cornwall MW. Relationship between neutral position and pattern of rearfoot motion during walking. Foot Ankle Int 1994;15(3):141-145.

1091.   McPoil TG, Brocato RS. The foot and ankle: biomechanical evaluation and treatment. In: Gould JA, Orthopaedic and sports physical therapy, St. Louis: C.V. Mosby, 1990.

1092.   McPoil TG, Cameron JA, Adrian MJ (1987) Anatomical characteristics of the talus in relation to forefoot deformities. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 77(2): 77-81.

1093.   McPoil TG, Cornwall MW: Footwear and foot orthotic effectiveness research: A new approach. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 21:337-344, 1995

1094.   McPoil, T.G., & Knecht, H.G. (1985). Biomechanics of the foot in walking: A function approach. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 7, 2:69-72.

1095.   McQuade KJ, Dawson J, Smidt GL: Scapulothoracic muscle fatigue associated with alterations in scapulohumeral rhythm kinematics during maximum resistive shoulder elevation. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1998;28(2):74-80

1096.   Medical College of Ohio. Center for Creative Instruction. (2001). Observational gait analysis. Gait Animation movie. Retrieved March 18, 2002, from http://www.mco.edu/cci/gait.html

1097.   Medical Exercise Therapy - The Basic  Principles. Fysioterapeuten. July 1991, Vol 58, No 9

1098.   Meeuwisse W, Matheson G. Drop squat program. Ottawa: Canadian Academy of Sports Medicine (CASM); 1994.

1099.   Mehlhoff TL, Bennett JB. Elbow injuries. In: Mellion MB, Walsh WM, Shelton GL, eds. The team physician's handbook. 2d ed. Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus, 1997:461-73.

1100.   Meier, H.. Medizinische Trainingstherapie in der Praxis.MethodikderM1T. Medicon-Verlag, 1997

1101.   Meijne, W., Van Neerbos, K., Aufdemkampe, G., Van der Wurff, P. Intraexaminer and Interexaminer Reliability of the Gillet Test. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 1999;22(1):4-9.

1102.   Meisenbach R O 1911 Sacro-iliac relaxation; with analysis of eighty-four cases. Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics 12:411

1103.   Mellion MB, Walsh WM, Shelton GL. Baseball and softball. In: Mellion WB, ed. The Team Physician’s Handbook. 2nd ed. Philadelphia PA: Hanley & Belfus; 1995:570 –584.

1104.   Mellion, M., Walsh, W. & Shelton, G. (1992) The Team Physician's Handbook. Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus.

1105.   Melzak R, Wall P D 1965 Pain mechanisms:a new theory. Science 150:971

1106.   Mennell J 1992 The Musculoskeletal System: Differential Diagnosis from Symptoms and Physical Signs. Aspen Publication

1107.   Mens J M A, Vleeming A, Snijders C J, Stam H J 1997 Active straight leg raising test: a clinical approach to the load transfer function of the pelvic girdle. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R (eds) Movement, stability and low back pain. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 425

1108.   Mens J M A, Vleeming A, Snijders C J, Stam H J, Ginai A Z 1999 The active straight leg raising test and mobility of the pelvic joints. European Spine 8:468

1109.   Mens J M, Vleeming A, Snijders C J, Koes B W, Stam H J 2002 Validity of the active straight leg raise test for measuring disease severity in patients with posterior pelvic pain after pregnancy. Spine 27(2):196

1110.   Mens J.M.A. (2001), Vleeming, Snijders, Koes,  Stam, Reliability and Validity of the Active Straight Leg Raise Test in Posterior Pelvic Pain Since Pregnancy, SPINE 2001;26:1167-1171

1111.   Mens J.M.A. (2007) , Bekkeninstabiliteit , Patiënteneditie, Bohn Stafleu van Loghum , ISBN 9789031350148

1112.   Mens J.M.A. (2007) ,Bekkeninstabiliteit diagnostiek en therapie Editie voor professionals, Bohn Stafleu van Loghum , ISBN 9789031350131

1113.   Mens JMA,Vleeming A, Stoekart R, Stams JH en Snijders CJ. Understanding peripartum pelvic pain: implications of a patiënt survey. Spine, 1996; 21:11:1: 1362-1370).

1114.   Merk H. High-resolution real-time sonography in the diagnosis of Achilles tendon diseases. Ultraschall in der Medizin 1989;10:192–7.[Medline]

1115.   Merkel KH, Hess H, Kunz M. Insertion tendinopathy in athletes. A light microscopic, histochemical and electron microscopic examination. Pathol Res Pract 1982;173:303–9.[Medline]

1116.   Messner K, Wei Y, Andersson B, et al. Rat model of Achilles tendon disorder. A pilot study. Cells Tissues Organs 1999;165:30–9.[Medline]

1117.   Mester E 1971 Effects of laser rays on wound healing. American Journal of Surgery 122

1118.   Meyer et al.; The Effects of Plyometric versus Dynamic Stabilization and Balance Training on Lower Extremitiy Biomechanics. The American Journal of Sports and Medicine 2006, Vol. 34(3).

1119.   Meyer G H 1878 Der Mechanismus der Symphysis sacroiliaca. Archiv für Anatomie und Physiologie 1:1

1120.   Meyers TW. Anatomy trains. Myofascial meridians for manual an movement therapists. ChurchillLivingstone. 2001.

1121.   Michaud TC (1993) Foot orthoses and other forms of conservative foot care. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, p. 77-91.

1122.   Michaud, T.C. (1997). The forefoot varus deformity: 9 or 90 percent prevalence? Biomechanics. [On-line]. Available: http://www.biomech.com/db_area/archives/1997/9705custom.bio.html.

1123.   Michaud, TC. (1997).  Foot orthoses and other forms of conservative foot care.  Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, pp.9-11.

1124.   Michna H. Organisation of collagen fibrils in tendon: changes induced by an anabolic steroid. I. Functional and ultrastructural studies. Virchows Archiv 1986;52:75–86.[Medline]

1125.   Michna H. Tendon injuries induced by exercise and anabolic steroids in experimental mice. Int Orthop 1987;11:157–62.[Medline]

1126.   Mientjes MIV, Frank JS 1999. Balance in chronic low back pain patients compared to healthy people under various conditions in upright standing. Clin Biomech 14:710-716.

1127.   Mierau D, Cassidy JD, Yong-Hing K. Low-back pain and straight leg raising in children and adolescents. Spine. 1989;14(5):526–28.

1128.   Milgrom C, Finestone A, Eldad A, et al: Patellofemoral pain caused by overactivity: a prospective study of risk factors in infantry recruits. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1991;73(7):1041-1043

1129.   Miller J A A, Schultz A B, Andersson G B J 1987 Load-displacement behavior of sacro-iliac joints. Journal of Orthopedic Research 5:92

1130.   Miller MD, Hinkin DT, Wisnowski JW. The efficacy of orthotics for anterior knee pain in military trainees. A preliminary report. Am J Knee Surg. 1997;10(1):10-3. [Medline].

1131.   Miller PR, Klein RM, Teitge RA. Medial dislocation of the patella. Skeletal Radiol. 1991;20(6):429-31. [Medline].

1132.   Miller, R. & Dunn, R. (1979) Athletic Training Techniques. Bowling Green, KY: WKU Press.

1133.   MINK A. TER VEER H. VORSELAARS H.: Extremiteiten: functieonderzoek en manuele therapie.  Bohn, Schelteme Holkema Utrecht/Antwerpen, 1990,

1134.   Mitchell F L, Mitchell P K G 2001 The muscle energy manual – evaluation and treatment of the pelvis and sacrum. 2nd edn. MET press, East Lansing, Michigan

1135.   Mixter W J, Barr J S 1934 Rupture of intervertebral disc with involvement of the spinal cord. New England Journal of Medicine 211:210

1136.   Mohr RN. Achilles tendonitis: rationale for use and application of orthotics. Foot and Ankle Clinics 1997;2:439–56.

1137.   Mølgaard C, Rathleff MS, Simonsen O. (2011). Patellofemoral pain syndrome and its association with hip, ankle, and foot function in 16- to 18-year-old high school students: a single-blind case-control study. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc, 101(3), 215-22.

1138.   Moller HD, Evans CH, Maffulli N. Current aspects of tendon healing. Orthopade 2000;29:182–7.[Medline]

1139.   Monster AW, Chan H, O'Connor 1978 D Activity patterns of human skeletal muscles: relation to muscle fiber type composition. Science  Apr 21; 200(4339): 314-7

1140.   Mooney V, 1997 Sacroiliac joint dysfunction. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R (eds) Movement, stability and low back pain. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 37

1141.   Mooney V. Impairment, disability and handicap. Clin Orthop Rel Res, 221:14-25, 1987

1142.   Moore KL , Dalley AF, Agur AM  (1999), Clinically oriented anatomy , Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2009

1143.   Moore KL. Clinically Oriented Anatomy. Vol 3. Baltimore, Md: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1992.

1144.   Moranos J, Hodge W. Orthotic survey: preliminary results. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 1993 83(3):139-148.

1145.   Mori A. Electromyographic activity of selected trunk muscles during stabilization exercises using a gym ball. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 2004;44:57–64. [PubMed]

1146.   Mørkved S, et al. (2003). Pelvic floor muscle training during pregnancy to prevent urinary incontinence: A single-blind randomized controlled trial. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 101(2): 313–319.

1147.   Morrey BF: Tendon injuries about the elbow, in Morrey BF (ed): The Elbow and Its Disorders, ed 2. Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1993

1148.   Morris JM, Lucas DB, Bresler B 1961 Role of the trunk in stability of the spine. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 43A:327-351

1149.   Morris, M.E., Summers, J.J., Matyas, T.A., Iansek, R. (1994). Current status of the motor program. Physical Therapy, 74, 738-752.

1150.   MORRISON D.S., FROGAMENI A.D. and WOODWORTH P.: Non-operative treatment of subacromial impingement syndrome.  J. Bone Joint Surg., 79A, 732-737, 1997.

1151.   Morrissey D 2001 The Kinetic Medial Rotation Test of the Shoulder: A Normative Study. 1st International Conference of Movement Dysfunction Edinburgh

1152.   Moseley G L 2002 Combined physiotherapy and education is efficacious for chronic low back pain. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy.  48:297

1153.   Moseley G L 2003 A pain neuromatrix approach to patients with chronic pain. Manual Therapy. 8(3):130

1154.   Moseley G L 2003 Unraveling the barriers to reconceptualization of the problem in chronic pain: the actual and perceived ability of patients and health professionals to understand the neurophysiology. The Journal of Pain. 4(4):184

1155.   Moseley G L, Hodges P W, Gandevia S C 2002 Deep and superficial fibers of the lumbar multifidus muscle are differentially active during voluntary arm movements. Spine 27(2):E29

1156.   Moseley G L, Hodges P W, Gandevia S C 2003 External perturbation of the trunk in standing humans differentially activates components of the medial back muscles. Journal of Physiology 547(2):581

1157.   Moseley G L, Hodges P W, Gandevia S C. 2002 Deep and superficial fibers of the lumbar multifidus muscle are differentially active during voluntary arm movements. Spine 27(2): E29-E36

1158.   Moseley HF, Övergaard B: The anterior capsular mechanism in recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder: morphological and clinical studies with special reference to the glenoid labrum and the gleno-humeral ligaments. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1962;44(4):913

1159.   Moseley JB Jr, Jobe FW, Pink M, et al: EMG analysis of the scapular muscles during a shoulder rehabilitation program. Am J Sports Med 1992;20(2):128-134

1160.   Moseley JB Jr, Jobe FW, Pink M, Perry J, Tibone J. EMG analysis of the scapular muscles during a shoulder rehabilitation program. Am J Sports Med. 1992;20:128 –134.

1161.   Mottram S L 1997 Dynamic stability of the scapula. Manual Therapy 2(3): 123-131

1162.   Mottram S L, Comerford M 1998 Stability dysfunction and low back pain. Journal of Orthopaedic Medicine 20:2  13 – 18

1163.   MOTTRAM S.L.: Dynamic stability of the scapula. Manual therapy, 1997, number 2, 123-131.

1164.   Movin T, Gad A, Reinholt FP, et al. Tendon pathology in long-standing achillodynia. Biopsy findings in 40 patients. Acta Orthop Scand 1997;68:170–5.[Medline]

1165.   Movin T, Guntner P, Gad A, et al. Ultrasonography-guided percutaneous core biopsy in Achilles tendon disorder. Scand J Med Sci Sports 1997;7:244–8.[Medline]

1166.   Movin T, Kristoffersen-Wiberg M, Rolf C, et al. MR imaging in chronic Achilles tendon disorder. Acta Radiol 1998;39:126–32.[Medline]

1167.   Movin T, Kristoffersen-Wiberg M, Shalabi A, et al. Intratendinous alterations as imaged by ultrasound and contrast medium enhanced magnetic resonance in chronic achillodynia. Foot Ankle Int 1998;19:311–17.[Medline]

1168.   Movin T. Aspects of aetiology, pathoanatomy and diagnostic methods in chronic mid-portion achillodynia. PhD thesis, Karolinska Institutet, 1998:1–64.

1169.   Movin T. Tendon tissue sampling. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2000;10:368–71.[Medline]

1170.   Mow VC, Ateshian GA, Ratcliffe A. Anatomic form and biomechanical properties of articular cartilage of the knee joint. J Biomech Eng. 1991;113(2):198-207.

1171.   Moy D.P: Kinetic Chain Assessment for the Health and Fitness Professional Course manual. Functionally Integrated Training Systems. London 2002

1172.   Mulder AFP, Vierhout ME. De Inco-test. Medicus 1990;264.

1173.   Mulligan B. (2003) Manual Therapy: NAGS, SNAGS, MWMS etc., 4th ed. Wellington, New Zealand: Plane View Services

1174.   Mulvein K 1995 Kinematic analysis of lumbar flexion and lumbar lateral shift In proceedings of the 9th Biennial Conference of the Manipulative Physiotherapists Association of Australia Gold Coast.

1175.   Murphy M 1992 The future of the body: explorations into the further evolution of human nature. Tarcher Putnam, New York

1176.   Murphy T: Shoulder injuries in swimming, in Andrews JR, Wilk KE: The Athlete's Shoulder. New York City, Churchill Livingstone, 1994, p 411

1177.   Murray, M.P., Drought, A.B., & Kory, R.C. (1964). Walking patterns of normal men. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery, 46A, 335-360.

1178.   Murray, M.P., Kory, R.C., & Clarkson, B.H. (1960). Walking pattern in healthy old men. Journal of Gerontology, 24, 169-178.

1179.   Murray, M.P., Kory, R.C., & Sepic, S.B. (1970). Walking patterns of normal women. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilation, 51, 637-650.

1180.   Murrell GA, Warren RF. The surgical treatment of posterior shoulder instability. Clin Sports Med 1995;14:903-15.

1181.   Myklebust et al.; Prevention of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Female Team Handball Players: A Prospective Intervention Study Over Three Seasons. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine 2003, 13:71-78.

1182.   Nachemson A 1985 Lumbar spine instability: a critical update and symposium summary. Spine 10:290-291

1183.   Nachemson AL: Lumbar interdiscal pressure, In Jayson MIV (ed): The lumbar spine and back pain, 1976 en nieuwere edities

1184.   Nadler SF, Malanga GA, Bartoli LA, Feinberg JH,Prybicien M, Deprince M. Hip muscle imbalance and low back pain in athletes: influence of core strengthening.Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002;34:9-16.

1185.   Naseef GS III, Foster TE, Trauner K, Solhpour S, Anderson RR, Zarins B. The thermal properties of bovine joint capsule: the basic science of laserand radiofrequency-induced capsular shrinkage. Am J Sports Med. 1997; 25:670–674.

1186.   National Academy of Sports Medicine: Optimum Performance Training for the Performance Enhancement Specialist course manual. Calabasas CA 2002

1187.   National Workers’ Compensation and Disability Conference, Proceedings of the 5th Annual Meeting, Chicago, November 11-13, 1996.

1188.   Natri A, Kannus P, Jarvinen M: Which factors predict the long-term outcome in chronic patellofemoral pain syndrome? A 7-yr prospective follow-up study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998;30(11):1572-1577

1189.   NEER C.S.: Impingement lesions.  J. Bone Joint Surg., 1972, Nr. 54A, 41-50.

1190.   Nehrer S, Breitenseher M, Brodner W, et al. Clinical and sonographic evaluation of the risk of rupture in the Achilles tendon. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 1997;116:14–18.[Medline]

1191.   Nelen G, Martens M, Burssens A. Surgical treatment of chronic Achilles tendinitis. Am J Sports Med 1989;17:754–9.[Abstract]

1192.   Nelson H, Jurmain R 1985 Introduction to physical anthropology, 3rd edn. West Publishing, St Paul

1193.   Nelson, H, Viernstein M, Gucer P, et al. A preoperative screening test for chronic back pain patients. Psychosomatics, 20(12): 801-808, 1979.

1194.   Neptune RR, Wright IC, van den Bogert AJ. The influence of orthotic devices and vastus medialis strength and timing on patellofemoral loads during running. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). Oct 2000;15(8):611-8. [Medline].

1195.   Neuhauser, H. K., Epidemiology of vertigo, Current Opinion Neurology 20, 40-46 (2007).

1196.   Neuhold A, Stiskal M, Kainberger F, et al. Degenerative Achilles tendon disease: assessment by magnetic resonance and ultrasonography. Eur J Radiol 1992;14:213–20.[Medline]

1197.   Neumann DA (2002).  Shoulder complex.  In Neumann DA: Kinesiology of the Musculoskeletal System: Foundations for Physical Rehabilitation. Philadelphia: Mosby.  Chapter 5, pp. 91-132

1198.   Neumann DA, Cook TM. Effect of load and carrying position on the electromyographic activity of the gluteus medius muscle during walking. Phys Ther.1985;65:305-311.

1199.   Neumann DA, Soderberg GL, Cook TM. Comparison of maximal isometric hip abductor muscle torques between hip sides. Phys Ther. 1988;68:496-502.

1200.   Newman N, Gracovetsky S, Itoi M, Zucherman J, Richards M, Durand P, Xeller C and Carr D. Can the computerized physical examination differentiate normal subjects from abnormal subjects with benign mechanical low back pain? Clinical Biomechanics 11:466-473, 1996.

1201.   Newman N, Richards M, Gracovetsky S, Marriott A, Asselin S and Lanzo V. Improving the evaluation of low back pain. 1997(manuscript submitted to Spine).

1202.   Ng JKF, Parnianpour M, Richardson CA. Functional roles of abdominal and back muscles during isometric axial rotation of the trunk. Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 2001;19:463–471. doi: 10.1016/S0736-0266(00)90027-5. [PubMed] [Full Text]

1203.   Ng JKF, Richardson CA. Reliability of electromyographic power spectral analysis of back muscle endurance. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1996;77:258-261.

1204.   Niesen-Vertommen SL, Taunton JE, Clement DB, et al: The effect of eccentric versus concentric exercise in the management of Achilles tendonitis. Clin J Sport Med 1992;2(2):109-113

1205.   Nietosvaara Y, Aalto K, Kallio PE. Acute patellar dislocation in children: incidence and associated osteochondral fractures. J Pediatr Orthop. Jul-Aug 1994;14(4):513-5. [Medline].

1206.   Nijs J,  Roussel N, Struy F,  Clinical assessment of scapular positioning in patients with shoulder pain: state of art / Jan. 2007 journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics vol. 30 nr. 1

1207.   Nijs J,  Roussel N, Struy F, Scapular positioning in patients with shoulder pain: a study examining the reliability an clinical importance of 3 clinical tests / Jul. 2005 Arch Phys Med Rehabil vol. 86

1208.   Nirschl RP, Pettrone FA: Tennis elbow: the surgical treatment of lateral epicondylitis. J Bone Joint Surg (Am) 1979;61(6):832-839

1209.   Nirschl RP: Elbow tendinosis/tennis elbow. Clin Sports Med 1992;11(4):851-870

1210.   Nirschl RP: Muscle and tendon trauma, in Morrey BF (ed): The Elbow and Its Disorders, ed 2. Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1993, pp 537-552

1211.   Nirschl RP: Patterns of failed healing in tendon injury, in Leadbetter W, Buckwalter J, Gordon SL (eds): Sports-Induced Inflammation: Clinical and Basic Science Concepts. Park Ridge, IL, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 1990, pp 577-585

1212.   Nissen CW, Cullen MC, Hewett TE, Noyes FR. Physical and arthroscopic examination techniques of the patellofemoral joint. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. Nov 1998;28(5):277-85. [Medline].

1213.   No Author: Fit und aktiv. Eine Obungsauswahl mit Gymnostikball, Igelball und Physioband. Ed.: Techniker Krankenkasse, Hamburg 1996

1214.   Nordin M & Frankel VH (2001). : Basic Biomechanics of the Musculoskeletal System.  Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Chapter 8, pp.202-221.

1215.   Nordin M, Frankel VH. Basic Biomechanics of the Musculoskeletal System, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1989. 253.

1216.   Norkin, C.C., & Levangie, P.K. (1992). Joint structure and function. (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: F.A. Davis.

1217.   Norris, C.M.: Abdominal training: dangers and ex-ercise modifications. In. Physiotherapy in Sport 19 (1994), 5,10-13

1218.   Nourbakhsh MR, Arab AM., Relationship between mechanical factors and incidence of low back pain, J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2002 Sep;32(9):447-60.

1219.   Nourbakhsh MR; Arab AM , Relationship between Mechanical Factors and Incidence of Low Back Pain,’Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, Vol. 32, pp. 447-460, 2002

1220.   Noyes et al.; The Drop-Jump Screening Test, Difference in Lower Limb Control By Gender and Effect of Neuromuscular Training in Female Athletes. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 2005, Vol. 33(2).

1221.   Noyes FR, Dunworth LA, Andriacchi TP, et al: 1996 Knee hyperextension gait abnormalities in unstable knees: Recognition and preoperative gait retraining. Am J Sports Med 24: 35-45,

1222.   Nuber GW, Jobe FW, Perry J, et al: Fine wire electromyography analysis of muscles of the shoulder during swimming. Am J Sports Med 1986;14(1):7-11

1223.   Nygaard I E, Thompson F L, Svengalis S L, Albright J P 1994 Urinary incontinence in elite nulliparous athletes. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 84(2):183

1224.   O’Brien SD & Bui-Mansfield LT, MRI of Quadratus Femoris Muscle Tear: Another Cause of Hip Pain, AJR:189, November 2007

1225.   O’Brien SJ, Neves MC, Arnoczky SP, et al. The anatomy and histology of the inferior glenohumeral ligament complex of the shoulder. Am J Sports Med. 1990;18:449–456.

1226.   O’Brien SJ, Schwartz RE, Warren RF, Torzilli PA. Capsular restraints to anterior/posterior motion of the shoulder. Orthop Trans. 1988;12:143.

1227.   O’Sullivan P 2000 Lumbar segmental “instability”: clinical presentation and specific stabilizing exercise management. Manual Therapy 5(1):2

1228.   O’Sullivan P 2000 Lumbar segmental instability – diagnosis and specific exercise management.  In KP inger (ed) Proceedings of the 7th Scientific Conference of the IFOMT in conjunction with the Biennial Conference of the MPAA Perth Australia November 6-10

1229.   O’Sullivan P B, Beales D, Beetham J A, Cripps J et al 2002 Altered motor control strategies in subjects with sacroiliac joint pain during the active straight leg raise test. Spine 27(1):E1

1230.   O’Sullivan P B, Grahamslaw K M, Kendell M M , Lapenski S C, Moller N E, Richards K V 2001 The effect of different standing and sitting postures on trunk muscle activity in a pain free population. In: 4th Interdisciplinary World Congress on Low Back and Pelvic Pain. Montreal, Canada, p 180

1231.   O’Sullivan P, Bryniolfsson G, Cawthorne A, Karakasidou P, Pederson P, Waters N 2003 Investigation of a clinical test and transabdominal ultrasound during pelvic floor muscle contraction in subjects with and without lumbosacral pain. In: 14th International WCPT Congress Proceedings.  Barcelona, Spain, CD ROM Abstracts

1232.   O’Sullivan P, Twomey L, Allison G 1997. Evaluation of specific stabilising exercise in the treatment of chronic low back pain with radiological diagnosis of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis.  Spine 15(24):2959

1233.   O’Sullivan PB, Burnett A, Floyd AN, Gadsdon K, Logiudice J, Miller Quirk H 2003 Lumbar repositioning in a specific low back pain population. Spine 28(10):1074-9

1234.   O’Sullivan PB, Twomey L, Allison G 1997 Dysfunction of the neuro-muscular system in the presence of low back pain - implications for physical therapy. Journal of Manual and Manipulative Therapy 5(1): 20-26

1235.   O’Sullivan PB, Twomey L, Allison G 1997 Evaluation of specific stabilising exercise in the treatment of chronic low back pain with radiological diagnosis of spondylosis or spondylolisthesis. Spine 22(24): 2959-2967

1236.   O’Sullivan PB, Twomey L, Allison G, Sinclair J, Miller K, Knox J 1997 Altered patterns of abdominal muscle activation in patients with chronic low back pain. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy 43(2): 91-98

1237.   O'Brien M. Functional anatomy and physiology of tendons. Clin Sports Med 1992;11:505–20.[Medline]

1238.   O'Brien T. The needle test for complete rupture of the Achilles tendon. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1984;66:1099–101.[Abstract]

1239.   O'Connell M, George K, Stock D 1998. Postural sway and balance testing: a comparison of normal and anterior cruciate ligament deficient knees. Gait and Posture 8:136-142.

1240.   O'Connell PW, Nuber GW, Mileski RA, et al: The contribution of the glenohumeral ligaments to anterior stability of the shoulder joint. Am J Sports Med 1990;18(6):579-584

1241.   O'Connor FG, Ollivierre CO, Nirschl RP. Elbow and forearm injuries. In: Lillegard WA, Butcher JD, Rucker KS, eds. Handbook of sports medicine: a symptom-oriented approach. 2d ed. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999:141-57.

1242.   O'Connor FG, Sobel JR, Nirschl RP: Five-step treatment for overuse injuries. Phys Sportsmed 1992;20(10):128-142

1243.   O'Connor FG, Wilder RP, Sobel JR. Overuse injuries of the elbow. J Back Musculoskel Rehabil 1994; 4:17-30.

1244.   Odom C.J, Taylor A.B, Hurd C.E, Denegar C.R. Measurement of scapular asymetry and assessment of shoulder dysfunction using the Lateral Scapular Slide Test: a reliability and validity study. Phys Ther. 2001;81(2):799–809. [PubMed]

1245.   Odom CJ, Taylor AB, Hurd CE, DenegarCG, Measurement of Scapular Asymmetry and Assessment of Shoulder Dysfunction Using the Lateral Scapular Slide Test: A Reliability and Validity Study / Feb. 2001 Physical therapy vol. 81 nr. 2

1246.   O'Driscoll SW, Bell DF, Morrey BF. Posterolateral rotatory instability of the elbow. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1991;73:440-6.

1247.   Ohber L, Lorentzon R, Alfredson H. Good clinical results but persisting side-to-side differences in calf muscle strength after surgical treatnent of chronic achilles tendinosis: a 5-year follow-up. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2001;11:207–12.[Medline]

1248.   Ohberg L , Alfredson H. Ultrasound guided sclerosis of neovessels in painful chronic Achilles tendinosis: pilot study of a new treatment. Br J Sports Med 2002;36:173–5 discussion 176–7.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

1249.   Ohberg L , Lorentzon R, Alfredson H. Neovascularisation in Achilles tendons with painful tendinosis but not in normal tendons: an ultrasonographic investigation. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2001;9:233–8.[CrossRef][Medline]

1250.   Ollivierre CO, Nirschl RP, Pettrone FA: Resection and repair for medial tennis elbow: a prospective analysis. Am J Sports Med 1995;23(2):214-221

1251.   Olmsted LC , Carcia CR ea (2002) Efficacy of the Star Excursion Balance Tests in Detecting Reach Deficits in Subjects With Chronic Ankle Instability,

1252.   Olmsted LC, Carcia CR, Hertel J, Shultz SJ. Efficacy of the Star Excursion Balance Tests in detecting reach deficits in subjects with chronic ankle instability. J Athl Train. 2002;37:501–506.

1253.   Olson T 1996 A.D.A.M. Student Atlas of Anatomy. Williams and Wilkins

1254.   OMBREGHT L, P. BISSCHOP, H. J. TER VEER, T. VAN DE VELDE, "A system of Orthopedic Medicine; 1995,974,

1255.   OMBREGT L.: De schouder, CD-ROM wetenschappelijke boekhandel, J. Story-Scientia.

1256.   Oostendorp RAB, Hagenaars LHA, Fischer AJEM, et al. Standaard 'Cervicogene Duizeligheid'. Revisie 1995. Ned Tijdschr Man Ther 1995;14:5-21.

1257.   Orr R, de Vos NJ, Singh NA, Ross DA, Stavrinos TM, Fiatarone-Singh MA. , Power training improves balance in healthy older adults,  J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2006 Jan;61(1):78-85.

1258.   Orthopedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 2003;33:671-676

1259.   Ostgaard H C 1997 Lumbar back and posterior pelvic pain in pregnancy. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R (eds) Movement, stability and low back pain. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 411

1260.   Östgaard HC, Zetherström G, Roos- Hansson E & Svanberg B. Reduction of back and posterior pelvic pain in pregnancy. Spine, 1994a; 19:8: 894-900

1261.   Östgaard HC, Zetherström G, Roos-Hansson E. The posterior pelvic provocation test in pregnant women. European Spinal Journal 1994b;3:258-260.

1262.   O'Sullivan P, Twomey L, Allison G 1998 Altered abdominal muscle recruitment in back pain patients following specific exercise intervention. J Orthopeadic Sports Physical Therapy  27(2):114-2 

1263.   O'Sullivan P, Twomey L, Allison G. Evaluation of specific stabilizing exercise in the treatment of chronic low back pain with radiologic diagnosis of spondylolysis or spondylolisthesis. Spine 1997;22:2959–67.

1264.   O'Sullivan PB  2000  Lumbar segmental 'instability' clinical presentation and specific stabilizing exercise management.  Manual Therapy  5(1): 2-12

1265.   O'Sullivan PB, Kendell M,Moller N  2003 The effect of different standing and sitting postures on trunk muscle activity in a pain-free population. Spine 27: 1238 – 1244

1266.   Ounpuu S, ed. Terminology for clinical gait analysis (Draft #2). Prepared by American Academy of Cerebral Palsy Developmental Medicine Gait Lab Committee and distributed at North American Clinical Gait Lab Conference, Benson Hotel, Portland, Ore., April 6-9, 1994.

1267.   Paavola M, Kannus P, Paakkala T, et al. Long-term prognosis of patients with Achilles tendinopathy. Am J Sports Med 2000;28:634–42.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

1268.   Paavola M, Orava S, Leppilahti J, et al. Chronic Achilles tendon overuse injury: complications after surgical treatment. An analysis of 432 consecutive patients. Am J Sports Med 2000;28:77–82.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

1269.   Paavola M, Paakkala T, Kannus P, et al. Ultrasonography in the differential diagnosis of Achilles tendon injuries and related disorders. Acta Radiol 1998;39:612–19.[Medline]

1270.   Paine RM, Voight M. The role of the scapula. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1993;18:386 –391.

1271.   Paley Dror, Principles of deformity correction, 2002, Springer Verlag , ISBN 978-3-540-41665-4

1272.   Panjabi M M 1992a The stabilizing system of the spine. Part I: function, dysfunction, adaptation, and enhancement. Journal of Spinal Disorders 5(4):383-389

1273.   Panjabi M M 1992b the stabilizing system of the spine.  Part II.  Neutral zone and instability hypothesis.  Journal of Spinal Disorders 5(4):390-397

1274.   Panjabi M M, Abumi Kuniyoshi, Duranceau J, Oxland T 1989 Spinal stability and intersegmental muscle forces – a biomechanical model.  Spine 14(2):194

1275.   Paré EB, Stern JT Jr, Schwartz JM.,Functional differentiation within the tensor fasciae latae. A telemetered electromyographic analysis of its locomotor roles, J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1981 Dec;63(9):1457-71.

1276.   Parianpour M, Nordin M, Kahanovitz N, Frank V. The triaxial coupling of torque generation of trunk muscles. Spine 1988;13:982-992.

1277.   Paterno MV, Myer GD, Ford KR, Hewett TE. Neuromuscular training improves single-limb stability in young female athletes. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2004;34:305–316.

1278.   Pathokinesiology Service, Physical Therapy Department. Normal and pathological gait syllabus. Downey, Calif.: Professional Staff Association of Rancho Los Amigos Hospital, 1977.

1279.   Paydar D, Thiel H, Gemmell H 1994 Intra- and interexaminer reliability of certain pelvic palpatory procedures and the sitting flexion test for sacroiliac joint mobility and dysfunction. Journal of Neuromusculoskeletal Medicine 2(2):65

1280.   Peacock E E 1984 Wound repair, 3rd edn. W B Saunders, London

1281.   Pearcy M, Tibrewal S B 1984 Axial rotation and lateral bending in the normal lumbar spine measured by three-dimensional radiography. Spine 9:582

1282.   Pellecchia, G.L., Figure-of-eight method of measuring hand size: reliability and concurrent validity, J Hand Ther, 16 (2003) 300-4.

1283.   Penning L. Psoas muscle and lumbar spine stability: A concept uniting existing controversies. Critical review and hypothesis. Eur Spine J 2000;6: 577–85.

1284.   Perry J. Achilles tendon anatomy. Foot and Ankle Clinics 1997;2:363–70.

1285.   Perry J. Gait analysis; normal and pathological function. Thorofare, N.J.: Slack, 1992.

1286.   Perry J: Anatomy and biomechanics of the shoulder in throwing, swimming, gymnastics and tennis. Clin Sports Med 1983;2(2):247-270

1287.   Perry, J. (1990). Pathological gait. Instructional Course Lectures, 39, 325-331.

1288.   Perry, T. A., Weerasuriya, A. and Mouton, P. R., Pyridoxine-induced toxicity in rats: a stereological quantification of the sensory neuropathy, Experimental Neurology 190,133-144 (2004).

1289.   Perugia L, Postacchini F, Ippolito E: The Tendons: Biology, Pathology, Clinical Aspects. Milan, Italy, Editrice Kurtis, 1986

1290.   Peschers U M, Ganger G, Schaer G N et al 2001b Bladder neck mobility in continent nulliparous women. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 108:320

1291.   Peschers U M, Vodusek D B, Fanger G et al 2001a Pelvic muscle activity in nulliparous volunteers. Neurourology and Urodynamics 20:269

1292.   Petersen P, Petrick M, Connor H, Conklin D. Grip strength and hand dominance: challenging the 10% rule. Am J Occup Ther. 1989 Jul;43(7):444–447. [PubMed]

1293.   Pforringer, W.; Rosemeyer, B.; Bar, H-W. (Eds.)- Sport-Trauma und Belastung. Erlangen. Perimed,1985

1294.   Phillips BB. Recurrent dislocations. In: Canale ST, ed. Campbell’s Operative Orthopedics. 9th ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby-Year Book; 1998:1334 –1404.

1295.   Picciano AM, Rowlands MS, Worrell T. Reliability of open and closed kinetic chain subtalar joint neutral positions and navicular drop test. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1993;18(4):553-558.

1296.   Pierrynowski MR, Smith SB, Mlynarczyk JH. Proficiency of foot care specialists to place the rearfoot at subtalar neutral. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 1996;86(5):217-223.

1297.   Pierrynowski MR, Smith SB. Effect of patient position on the consistency of placing the rearfoot at subtalar neutral. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 1997;87(9):399-406.

1298.   Pierrynowski MR, Smith SB. Rear foot inversion/eversion during gait relative to the subtalar joint neutral position. Foot Ankle Int 1996;17(7):406-412.

1299.   Pierrynowski RM. A physiological model for the evaluation of muscular forces in human locomotion: Theoretical aspects. Math Biosci 1985;75:69–101.

1300.   Pink M, Jobe F: Biomechanics of swimming, in Zachazewski JE, Magee DJ, Quillen WS: Athletic Injuries and Rehabilitation. Philadelphia, Saunders, 1996, p 317

1301.   Pitkin H C, Pheasant H C 1936 Sacroarthrogenetic telalagia II. A study of sacral mobility. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 18:365

1302.   Platzer, Werner (2004). Color Atlas of Human Anatomy, Vol. 1: Locomotor System (5th ed.). Thieme. ISBN 3-13-533305-1. 

1303.   Plisky PJ, Rauh MJ, Kaminski TW, Underwood FB. Star Excursion Balance Test as a predictor of lower extremity injury in high school basketball players. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2006;36(12):911-919

1304.   Polatin PB, Gatchel RJ, Cox B, Mayer T. Waddell signs in chronic low back pain patients: when they may not be predictive. NASS proceedings October 1996, 117 (abstract).

1305.   Pollock RG, Bigliani LU. Recurrent posterior shoulder instability. Diagnosis and treatment. Clin Orthop 1993;291:85-96.

1306.   Pool-Goudzwaard AL, Kleinrensink GJ, Snijders CJ, Entius C, Stoeckart R. The sacroiliac part of the iliolumbar ligament. J Anat. 2001;199:457–463

1307.   Pool-Goudzwaard AL, Vleeming A, Stoeckart R et al 1998 Insufficient lumbopelvic stability: a clinical, anatomical and biomechanical approach to ‘a-specific’ low back pain. Manual Therapy 3(1):12-20

1308.   Pope Ross, The Common Compensatory Pattern: Its Origin & Relationships to the Postural Model 

1309.   Popp JE, Yu JS, Kaeding CC. Recalcitrant patellar tendinitis. Magnetic resonance imaging, histologic evaluation, and surgical treatment. Am J Sports Med 1997;25:218–22.[Abstract]

1310.   Poppen NK, Walker PS: Normal and abnormal motion of the shoulder. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1976;58(2):195-201

1311.   Porterfield JA, DeRosa C. Mechanical shoulder disorders. Perspectives in functional anatomy. Elsevier Science. 2004

1312.   Post W. , 1998, Patellofemoral Pain: Let the Physical Exam Define Treatment , THE PHYSICIAN AND SPORTSMEDICINE - VOL 26 - NO. 1,

1313.   Post W. Patellofemoral pain — let the physical exam define treatment. Physician Sports Med 1998;26:68-78.

1314.   Post WR: Clinical evaluation of patients with patellofemoral disorders. Arthroscopy 1999;15(8):841-851

1315.   Post WR: Physical examination of the patellofemoral joint, in Fulkerson JP (ed): Disorders of the Patellofemoral Joint, ed 3. Baltimore, Williams and Wilkins, 1997

1316.   Potter HG, Hannafin JA, Morwessel RM, et al: Lateral epicondylitis: correlation of MR imaging, surgical, and histopathologic findings. Radiology 1995;196(1):43-46

1317.   Potter N A, Rothstein J 1985 Intertester reliability for selected clinical tests of the sacroiliac joint. Physical Therapy 65(11):1671

1318.   Powers CM, Maffucci R, Hampton S: Rearfoot position in subjects with patellofemoral pain. J Othrop Sports Phys Ther 22:155, 1995

1319.   Powers CM, Shellock FG, Beering TV, et al. Effect of bracing on patellar kinematics in patients with patellofemoral joint pain. Med Sci Sports Exerc. Dec 1999;31(12):1714-20. [Medline].

1320.   Powers CM. The influence of abnormal hip mechanics on knee injury: a biomechanical perspective. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2010, 40:42-51

1321.   Powers CM. Rehabilitation of patellofemoral joint disorders: a critical review. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. Nov 1998;28(5):345-54. [Medline].

1322.   Powers, Christopher ,The Influence of Altered Lower Extremity Kinematics on Patella

1323.   Pranathi Reddy A, DeLancey J O L, Zwica L M, Ashton-Miller J A 2001 On screen vector-based ultrasound assessment of vesical neck movement.  Am J Obstet Gynecol 185: 65

1324.   Prentice WE & Voight ML , Techniques in musculoskeletal rehabilitation, 2004 New York : McGraw-Hill, Medical Pub. Division, c2001

1325.   Prentice, W. (1994) Rehabiliation Techniques in Sports Medicine. St. Louis: Mosby.

1326.   Prentice, W.E. (2004). Rehabilitation Techniques for Sports Medicine and Athletic Training, 4th ed., McGraw-Hill

1327.   Pribut, S. (1998). Biomechanics of foot and leg problems. Dr. Stephen M. Pribut's Sport Page [On-line]. Available: www.clark.net/pub/pribut/spgait.html

1328.   Puckree, T, Cerny F, and Bishop B. Abdominal motor unit activity during respiratory and nonrespiratory tasks. J Appl Physiol 84: 1707-1715, 1998[Free Full Text].

1329.   Puddu G, Ippolito E, Postacchini F. A classification of Achilles tendon disease. Am J Sports Med 1976;4:145–50.[Medline]

1330.   Rab GT, Chao EYS, Stauffer RN 1977 Muscle force analysis of the lumbar spine. Orthopaedic Clinics of North America 8(1):193-199

1331.   Radebold A, Cholewicki J, Panjabi M M, Patel T C 2000 Muscle response pattern to sudden trunk loading in healthy individuals and in patients with chronic low back pain. Spine 25(8):947

1332.   Radebold A, Cholewicki J, Polzhofer GK, Greene HS 2001 Impaired postural control of the lumbar spine is associated with delayed muscle response times in patients with chronic idiopathic low back pain. Spine 26(7): 724-30

1333.   Radin EL: A rational approach to the treatment of patellofemoral pain. Clin Orthop 1979;144(Oct):107-109

1334.   Ramirez A, Schwane JA, McFarland C, et al. The effect of ultrasound on collagen synthesis and fibroblast proliferation in vitro. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1997;29:326–32.[Medline]

1335.   Rankin G, Stokes M. 1998 Reliability of assessment tools in rehabilitation an illustration of appropriate statistical analysis Clinical Rehabilitation 12:187-99

1336.   Rantanen J, Hurme M, Falck B, et al. The lumbar multifidus muscle five years after surgery for a lumbar intervertebral disc herniation. Spine 1993;18:568–74.

1337.   Raty HP, Kujala UM, Videman T, et al. Lifetime musculoskeletal symptoms and injuries among former elite male athletes. Int J Sports Med. Nov 1997;18(8):625-32. [Medline].

1338.   Rauschning W, Nordesjö LO, Nordgren B. Isokinetic knee extension strength and pain before and after correction of recurrent patellar dislocation. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 1983;102(2):102-6. [Medline].

1339.   Read MT, Motto SG. Tendo Achillis pain: steroids and outcome. Br J Sports Med 1992;26:15–21.[Abstract]

1340.   Reddy GK, Stehno-Bittel L, Enwemeka CS. Matrix remodeling in healing rabbit Achilles tendon. Wound Repair and Regeneration 1999;7:518–27.[Medline]

1341.   Reed BV. Wound healing and the use of thermal agents. In: Michlovitz SL, ed. Thermal Agents

1342.   Regan WD, Morrey BF: Physical examination of the elbow, in Morrey BF (ed): The Elbow and Its Disorders, ed 2. Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1993

1343.   Reid D C 1992 Sports injury assessment and rehabilitation. Churchill Livingstone, New York

1344.   Reid D.C., Saboe L.A., Chepeha J.C.: Anterieure schouderinstabiliteit bij atleten. Stimulus, 16de jaargang, Nr. 4, 1997, 347-351.

1345.   Reider B, Sathy MR, Talkington J, et al: Treatment of isolated medial collateral ligament injuries in athletes with early functional rehabilitation: a five-year follow-up study. Am J Sports Med 1994;22(4):470-477

1346.   Reider FD. Results of isolated patellar debridement for patellofemoral pain in patients with normal patellar alignment. Am J Sports Med 1997;25:663-9.[Abstract]

1347.   Resnick D, Niwayama G, Goergen T G 1975 Degenerative disease of the sacroiliac joint. Journal of Investigative Radiology 10:608

1348.   Revel M, Minguet M, Gergoy P, Vaillant J, Manuel J  1994  Changes in cervicocephalic kinesthesia after a proprioceptive rehabilitation program in patients with neck pain: a randomized controlled study.  Arch Phys Med Rehabil  75: 895-9

1349.   Rich G.J. (2002, ed) Massage Therapy: The Evidence for Practice.  New York, U.S.A.: Mosby.

1350.   Richardson 1997 Personal Communication

1351.   Richardson C A, Jull G A 1995 Muscle control - pain control What exercises would you prescribe? Manual Therapy 1:1-9

1352.   Richardson C A, Snijders C J, Hides J A, Damen L, Pas M S, Storm J 2002 The relationship between the transversely oriented abdominal muscles, sacroiliac joint mechanics and low back pain. Spine 27(4):399-405.

1353.   Richardson C, Bullock M I 1986 Changes in muscle activity during fast alternating flexion-extension movements of the knee. Scand J Rehab Med 18:51-8

1354.   Richardson C, Hides J, Jull G, Hodges P, Scott Q, Roll S 1998 Non-invasive assessments of deep muscle dysfunction associated with low back pain. Proceedings: Third Interdisciplinary World Congress on Low Back & Pelvic Pain. Vienna Austria

1355.   Richardson C, Hodges P Hides 2004 Therapeutic Exercise for Lumbopelvic Stabilization 2nd Edn. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh

1356.   Richardson C, Jull G, Hides J, Hodges P 1998 Therapeutic Exercise for Spinal Stabilisation: Scientific basis and practical techniques  Churchill Livingstone London

1357.   Richardson C, Jull G, Hodges P et al 1999 Therapeutic exercise for spinal segmental stabilization in low back pain: Scientific basis and clinical approach. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh

1358.   Richardson C, Jull G, Toppenberg R, Comerford M 1992 Techniques for active lumbar stabilisation for spinal protection: a pilot study. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy 38(2): 105-112

1359.   Richardson C, Jull G. 1995 An historical perspective on the development of clinical techniques to evaluate and treat the active stabilising system of the lumber spine. Australian J Physiotherapy(1): 5-15.

1360.   Richardson CA, Sims K 1991 An inner range holding contraction An objective measure of stabilising function of an antigravity muscle In proceedings of the 11th International Congress of the World Confederation for Physical Therapy London : 829

1361.   Richardson CA, Snijders CJ, Hides JA, Damen L, Pas MS, Storm J. The relationship between the transversely oriented abdominal muscles, sacroiliac joint mechanics and low back pain. Spine 2002;27(4):399-405

1362.   Richardson, Bullock MI 1986  Changes in muscle activity during fast, alternating flexion-extension movements of the knee  Scand J Rehab Med  18:51-8

1363.   Ricketson R, Simmons JW, Hauser BO.: The prolapsed Intervetbral disc. The high-intensity zone with discography correlation. Spine, 1996, 21;23:2758-62.

1364.   Riddle DL,  Freburger JK en North American Orthopaedic Rehabilitation Research Network, Evaluation of the Presence of Sacroiliac Joint Region Dysfunction Using a Combination of Tests: A Multicenter Intertester Reliability Study, Physical Therapy August 20

1365.   Riemann BL, Guskiewicz KM, Shields EW. Relationship between clinical and forceplate measures of postural stability. J Sport Rehabil. 1999;8:71–

1366.   Riewald S: Biomechanical forces in swimmers. Presented at USA Sports Medicine Society; April 15, 2002; Colorado Springs

1367.   Rimmer, KP, Ford GT, and Whitelaw WA. Interaction between postural and respiratory control of human intercostal muscles. J Appl Physiol 79: 1556-1561, 1995.

1368.   Rivenburgh DW. Physical modalities in the treatment of tendon injuries. Clin Sports Med 1992;11:645–59.[Medline]

1369.   Rizk N N 1980 A new description of the anterior abdominal wall in man and mammals. Journal of Anatomy 131:373

1370.   Ro JY, Capra NF 2001 Modulation of jaw muscle spindle afferent activity following intramuscular injections with hypertonic saline.  Pain. 92: 117-127

1371.   Robbins JR, Evanko SP, Vogel KG. Mechanical loading and TGF-beta regulate proteoglycan synthesis in tendon. Arch Biochem Biophys 1997;342:203–11.[CrossRef][Medline]

1372.   Robbins JR, Vogel KG. Regional expression of mRNA for proteoglycans and collagen in tendon. Eur J Cell Biol 1994;64:264–70.[Medline]

1373.   Roberts, TJ, Chen MS, Taylor CR: Energetics of bipedal running. II. Limb design and running mechanics. Journal of Experimental Biology, Vol 201, Issue 19 2753-2762

1374.   Robertson S 1999 Neuroanatomical review of visceral pain. Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy 7(3): 131-140

1375.   Robinson JM, Cook JL, Purdan C, et al. The VISA-A questionnaire: a valid and reliable index of the clinical severity of Achilles tendinopathy. Br J Sports Med 2001;35:335–41.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

1376.   Robinson RL, Nee RJ. Analysis of hip strength in females seeking physical therapy treatment for unilateral  patellofemoral pain syndrome. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2007;37:232-238

1377.   Robinson, G.A., Enoka, R.M., & Stuart, D.G. (1991). Immobilization-induced changes in motor unit force and fatigability in the cat. Muscle & Nerve, 14, 563-73.

1378.   Robinson, H.S., Brox, J.I., Robinson, R., Bjelland, E., Solem, S., Telje, T. The Reliability of Selected Motion- and Pain Provocation Tests for the Sacroiliac Joint. Manual Therapy, 2007;12:72-79.

1379.   Rockar, P.A. (1995). The subtalar joint: Anatomy and joint motion. Journal of Orthopedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 21, 361-372.

1380.   Rodeo S, Johnson JN, Ellison P, et al: USA Swimming Shoulder Injury Task Force: Summary of findings. Presented at USA Sports Medicine Society; April 11, 2002; Colorado Springs

1381.   Rodman P S, McHenry M 1980 Bioenergetics and the origin of hominid bipedalism. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 52:103

1382.   RODOSKY  M.W., HARNER C.D. and FU F.H.: The role of the long head of the biceps muscle and the superior glenoid labrum in anterior instability of the shoulder.  Am  J. Sport Med., Nr. 22, 1994, 121-130.

1383.   Rogers BS, Leach RE. Achilles tendinitis. Foot and Ankle Clinics 1996;1:249–59.

1384.   Rohen J W, Yokochi C 1983 Color atlas of anatomy, a photographic study of the human body. F K Schattauer, Stuttgart, and Igaku-Shoin, Tokyo

1385.   Rokous JR, Feagin JA, Abbott HG: Modified axillary roentgenogram: a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of recurrent instability of the shoulder. Clin Orthop 1972;82(Jan-Feb):84-86

1386.   Roland M, Morris R 1982 A study of the natural history of back pain. Part 1: Development of a reliable and sensitive measure of disability in low back pain. Spine. 8 (2): 141-144

1387.   Roland PE and Ladegaard-Pedersen H (1977) A quantitative analysis of sensations of tension and of kinaesthesia in man. Brain. 100: 671-692

1388.   Rolf C, Movin T. Etiology, histopathology, and outcome of surgery in achillodynia. Foot Ankle Int 1997;18:565–9.[Medline]

1389.   Rolf CG, Fu BS, Pau A, et al. Increased cell proliferation and associated expression of PDGFRbeta causing hypercellularity in patellar tendinosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2001;40:256–61.[CrossRef][Medline]

1390.   Romberg MH. Manual of Nervous Diseases of Man. London: Sydenham Society, 1853:395-401.

1391.   Romer A S 1959 A shorter version of the vertebrate body.  W B Saunders, Philadelphia

1392.   Root ML, Orien WP and Weed JH (1971) Clinical biomechanics: normal and abnormal function of the foot. Clinical Biomechanics Corp, Los Angeles, pp.26-62.

1393.   Root ML, Orien WP, Weed JH. Clinical biomechanics: normal and abnormal functions of the foot, vol. II Los Angeles: Clinical Biomechanics, 1977

1394.   Rose J, Gamble J. Human walking, 2nd ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1994.

1395.   Ross MH, Romrell LJ. Connective tissue. In: Histology: a text and atlas, 2nd ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1989.

1396.   Ross, M. Test-retest reliability of the lateral step up test in young adult healthy subjects, J. Orthopaedic Sports physical therapy, 1997, 25(2):128-132

1397.   Rothman R H, Simeone F A 1975 Spine, Vol. IV. W B Saunders, London

1398.   Rothstein J, Roy S, Wolf S 1991 The Rehabilitation Specialist’s Handbook FA Davis

1399.   Rothstein JM Muscle biology Clinical considerations. Phys Ther 1982 Dec;62(12): 1823-30

1400.   Rothwell J 1994 Control of Human Voluntary Movement. 2nd edition Chapman & Hall

1401.   Rothwell, P. M., Coull, A. J. and Giles, M. F., Change in stroke incidence, mortality, case-fatality, severity, and risk factors in Oxfordshire, UK from 1981 to 2004(Oxford Vascular Study), Lancet 363,1925-1933 (2004).

1402.   Rowe CR, Patel D, Southmayd WW: The Bankart procedure: a long-term end-result study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1978;60(1):1-16

1403.   Rowinski M J 1985 Afferent neurobiology of the joint. In: Gould J A, Davies J D (eds) Orthopaedic and sports physical therapy. C V Mosby, St. Louis, p 50

1404.   Roy S, Irvin R. Sports Medicine: Prevention, Evaluation, Management, and Rehabilitation. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall; 1983. 224.

1405.   Royer RJ, Pierfitte C, Netter P. Features of tendon disorders with fluoroquinolones. Therapie 1994;49:75–6.[Medline]

1406.   Rozzi et al.; Knee joint laxity and neuromuscular characteristics of Male and Female soccer and basketball players. American Journal of Sports Medicine 1999, Vol. 7(3).

1407.   Rozzi SL, Lephart SM, Sterner R, Kuligowski L 1999. Balance training for persons with functional unstable ankles. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 29:478-486.

1408.   Rupp S, Berninger K, Hopf T: Shoulder problems in high level swimmers: impingement, anterior instability, muscular imbalance? Int J Sports Med 1995;16(8):557-562

1409.   Rushall BS, Sprigings EJ, Holt LE, et al: A reevaluation of forces in swimming. J Swimming Research 1994;10(fall):6-30

1410.   RUSSELL J. CAVALLO and KEVIN P SPEER: Shoulder instability and impingement in throwing athletes.  Medicine & Science in Sports &Exercise, 18-24, 1998.

1411.   Saal, J.A., Saal, J.S. (1989) Nonoperative treatment of herniated lumbar intervertebral disc with radiculopathy: An outcome study. J. Biomech. 14: 431-437.

1412.   Saal, J.S., General Principles of Diagnostic Testing as Related to Painful Lumbar Spine Disorders: A Critical Appraisal of Current Diagnostic Techniques. Spine, 2002;27(22):2538-2545.

1413.   Sackett DL, Haynes RB, Guyatt GH and Tugwell P. (eds). Clinical Epidemiology. A Basic Science for Clinical Medicine. 2nd edition. Boston, Massachucetts: Little, Brown and Company, 1991.

1414.   Sahrmann SA 1987 Muscle imbalances in the orthopaedic and neurologic patient. In proceedings of the 10th International Congress of the World Confederation for Physical Therapy Sydney: 836-841

1415.   Sahrmann SA 1992 Diagnosis and treatment of muscle imbalance associated with regional pain syndromes (Course notes) School of Medicine Washington University St.Louis

1416.   Sahrmann SA 1993 Movement as a cause of musculoskeletal pain. In proceedings of the 8th Biennial Conference of the Manipulative Physiotherapists Association of Australia Perth

1417.   Sahrmann SA 1993 Movement as a cause of musculoskeletal  pain. MPPA Conference Proceedings

1418.   Sahrmann SA 2002 Diagnosis & Treatment of Movement Impairment Syndrome. Ist ed Mosby USA

1419.   Sahrmann SA, Caldwell C, Fleming D, Hall C, McDonnell M, Woolsey N 1998 Diagnosis and Treatment of Movement Impairment Syndromes Seminar London

1420.   Sale DG., Neural adaptation to resistance training, Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1988 Oct;20(5 Suppl):S135-45.

1421.   Sammaco GJ & Hockenbury RT (2001).  Biomechanics of the ankle and foot.  In Nordin M & Frankel VH: Basic Biomechanics of the Musculoskeletal System.  Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Chapter 9, pp.222-255.

1422.   Sanchis-Alfonso V , Rosello-Sastre E, Subias-Lopez A. Neuroanatomic basis for pain in patellar tendinosis ("jumper’s knee"): a neuroimmunohistochemical study. Am J Knee Surg 2001;14:174–7.[Medline]

1423.   Sanders TG, Morrison WB, Singleton BA, et al. Medial patellofemoral ligament injury following acute transient dislocation of the patella: MR findings with surgical correlation in 14 patients. J Comput Assist Tomogr. Nov-Dec 2001;25(6):957-62. [Medline].

1424.   Sanna, A, Bertoli F, Misuri G, Gigliotti F, Iandelli I, Mancini M, Duranti R, Ambrosino N, and Scano G. Chest wall kinematics and respiratory muscle action in walking healthy humans. J Appl Physiol 87: 938-946, 1999.

1425.   Sanner W. The functional foot orthosis prescription. In: Jay R. Current therapy in podiatric surgery. Philadelphia: B.C. Decker, 1989:303-304.

1426.   Santaguida PL, McGill SM 1995 The psoas major: a three dimentional geometric study. Journal of Biomechanics 28:339-345

1427.   Sapolsky R M, Alberts R C, Altmann J 1997a Hypercortisolism associated with social subordinance isolation among wild baboons.  Archives General Psychiatry 54(12):1137

1428.   Sapolsky R M, Spencer E M 1997b Insulin growth factor 1 is suppressed in socially subordinate male baboons. American Journal Physiology 273 (4 Pt 2):1346

1429.   Sapsford R R, Hodges P W 2001 Contraction of the pelvic floor muscles during abdominal manoeuvers Arch Phys Med Rehabil 82:1081-8

1430.   Sapsford R R, Hodges P W, Richardson C A, Cooper D H, Markwell S J, Jull G A 2001 Co-activation of the abdominal and pelvic floor muscles during voluntary exercises.  Neurourology and Urodynamics 20:31

1431.   Sapsford R, Bullock-Saxton J, Markwell S 1998 Women’s health: A textbook for physiotherapists.  W B Saunders, London

1432.   Sapsford RR, Hodges PW, Richardson CA, Cooper DH, Markwell SJ, Jull GA 2001 Co-activation of the abdominal and pelvic floor muscles during voluntary exercises Neurourol Urodyn 20(1): 31-42

1433.   Sapsford RR, Markwell SJ 1998 Start, now stop the flow Proceedings – 7th National Conference on Incontinence, Canberra: 50

1434.   Sapsford RR, Markwell SJ, Clarke B 1998 The relationship between urethral pressure and abdominal muscle activity. Proceedings – 7th National Conference on Incontinence, Canberra: 37

1435.   Sapsford RR,  Hodges PP, Richardson CA 1997 Activation of the abdominal muscles is a normal response to contraction of the pelvic floor muscles International Continence Society Conference, Japan, abstract

1436.   Sapsford RR,  Hodges PP, Richardson CA, Cooper DA, Jull GA 1997 Activation of pubococcygeus during a variety of isometric abdominal exercises International Continence Society Conference, Japan, abstract

1437.   Sarrafian SK. Functional characteristics of the foot and plantar aponeurosis under tibiotalar loading. Foot Ankle 1987 Aug;8(1):4-18.

1438.   Sarti MA, Monfort M, Fuster MA, Villaplana LA. Muscle activity in upper and lower rectus abdominus during abdominal exercises. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1996;77:1293-1297. Medline

1439.   Sashin D 1930 A critical analysis of the anatomy and the pathologic changes of the sacro-iliac joints. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 12:891

1440.   Satterwhite YE. Shoulder instability. In: Andrews JR, Timmerman LA, eds. Diagnostic and Operative Arthroscopy. 1st ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 1997:105–113.

1441.   Sauers EL: Theories on throwing injuries diverge from book of Jobe. Biomechanics 2001;8(11):61-70

1442.   Saunders JB, Inman VT, Eberhart HD. The major determinants in normal and pathological gait. JBJS 1953; 35-A:543-58.

1443.   Saunders, J.B., Inman, V.T., & Eberhart, H.D. (1953). The major determinants in normal and pathological gait. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 35A, 543-558.

1444.   Saunders, S & Hodges 2003 Changes in three-dimensional trunk kinematics and trunk muscle activation with changes in locomotor mode and speed Australian Conference of Science and Medicine in Sport and Third National Sporting Injury Prevention Conference "Tackling the Barriers to Performance and Participation" October 25-28 2003 National  Convention Centre Canberra

1445.   Saxena A, Bareither D. Magnetic resonance and cadaveric findings of the "watershed band" of the achilles tendon. J Foot Ankle Surg 2001;40:132–6.[Medline]

1446.   Schaff et al The Effect of an Infrapatellar Tendon Strap on the EMG Pattern: active stabilization through ‘minimal bracing’. SportorthopSdie-Sporttraumatologie 11.2:118-124. 1995.

1447.   Schaible H, Grubb BD 1993 Afferent and spinal mechanisms of joint pain  Pain 55:5-54

1448.   Schamberger W 2002 The malalignment syndrome. Implications for medicine and sport.  Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh

1449.   Schepsis AA, Leach RE. Surgical management of Achilles tendinitis. Am J Sports Med 1987;15:308–15.[Abstract]

1450.   Schmid MR, Hodler J, Cathrein P, et al. Is impingement the cause of jumper’s knee? Dynamic and static magnetic resonance imaging of patellar tendinitis in an open-configuration system. Am J Sports Med 2002;30:388–95.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

1451.   Schmitt L, Snyder-Mackler L: Role of scapular stabilizers in etiology and treatment of impingement syndrome. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1999;29(1):31-38

1452.   SCHMITT L., MSPT, ATC and SNYDER-MACKLER L., ScD, PT, ATC, SCS: Role of Scapular Stabilizers in Etiology and Treatment of Impingement Syndrome. JOSPT, 1999; 29(1), 31-38.

1453.   SCHOMACHER J.: Manuelle Therapie, Bewegen und Spüren lernen, Extremitätengelenke. Januar 1998, 148-149

1454.   Schonholtz GJ, Zahn MG, Magee CM. Lateral retinacular release of the patella. Arthroscopy. 1987;3(4):269-72. [Medline].

1455.   Schoppink EM, Tulder van MW, Koes BW, Beurskens SAJH, Bied de RA.Reliability and validity of the dutch adaptation of the Quebec disability scale. Physical Therapy 1996; 76(3):268-275.

1456.   Schreuders TAR, Brandsma JW. Het onderzoek van de spierkracht van de hand. Fysiopraxis 1996(8):14-20

1457.   Schunke G B 1938 The anatomy and development of the sacro-iliac joint in man. The Anatomical Record 72:313

1458.   Schutte MJ, Happel LT: Joint innervation in joint injury. Clin Sports Med 1990;9 (2):511-517

1459.   Schwab, M. E., Repairing the injured spinal cord, Science 295,1029-1031 (2002).

1460.   Schwarzer A C, Aprill C N, Bogduk N 1995 The sacroiliac joint in chronic low back pain. Spine 20:31

1461.   Schwarzer a., Aprill C., Bogduk N., 1994 The sacroiliac joint in chronic low back Pain , Spine, Vol 20 (1) 31-37

1462.   Schweitzer ME, Karasick D. MR imaging of disorders of the Achilles tendon. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2000;175:613–25.[Free Full Text]

1463.   Scott SH, Winter DA. Internal forces of chronic running injury sites. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1990;22:357–69.[Medline]

1464.   Scott SH, Winter DA. Talocrural and talocalcaneal joint kinematics and kinetics during the stance phase of walking. J Biomech 1991 24:743-752.

1465.   SCOTT V. MAIG: Aspen's orthopaedic physical therapie, Shoulder pathophysiologie rehabilitation and treatment, 1996, 129-136.

1466.   Scovazzo ML, Browne A, Pink M, et al: The painful shoulder during freestyle swimming: an electromyographic and cinematographic analysis of twelve muscles. Am J Sports Med 1991;19(6):577-582

1467.   Segesser B, Goesele A, Renggli P. The Achilles tendon in sports. Orthopade 1995;24:252–67.[Medline]

1468.   Segesser B, Nigg BM. Tibial insertion tendinoses, achillodynia, and damage due to overuse of the foot: etiology, biomechanics, therapy. Orthopade 1980;9:207–14.[Medline]

1469.   Segesser B. The athletic shoes as a therapeutic aid. Sportverletzung Sportschaden 1993;7:206–9.[Medline]

1470.   Seidler R, Martin PE 1997. The effects of short-term balance training on the postural control of older adults. Gait and Posture 6:224-236.

1471.   Selecky MT, Vangsness CT Jr, Liao WL, Saadat V, Hedman TP. The effects of laser-induced collagen shortening on the biomechanical properties of the inferior glenohumeral complex. Am J Sports Med. 1999;27:168–172. 10. Schaefer SL, Ciarelli MJ, Arnoczky SP, Ross HE. Tissue shrinkage with the holmium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser: a postoperative assessment of tissue length, stiffness, and structure. Am J Sports Med.1997;25:841– 848.

1472.   Sell KE, Verity TM, Worrell TW, Pease BJ, Wigglesworth J. ,Two Measurement Techniques for Assessing. Subtalar Joint Position: A Reliability Study, JOSPT, Vol I9 Nr 3 March 1994

1473.   Selvanetti A, Cipolla M, Puddu, G. Overuse tendon injuries: basic science and classification. Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine 1997;5:110–17.

1474.   Shacklock M (ed) 1995 Moving in on Pain Butterworth Heinemann

1475.   Shah K, Stefaniwsky L: Long thoracic nerve palsy: case report. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1982;63(11):585-586

1476.   Shakespeare DT, Stokes M, Sherman KP, Young A 1985 Reflex inhibition of the quadriceps after meniscectomy: lack of association with pain Clinical Physiology 5:137-144

1477.   Shalabi A , Kristoffersen-Wiberg M, Papadogiannakis N, et al. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging and histopathology in chronic achilles tendinosis. A longitudinal MR study of 15 patients. Acta Radiol 2002;43:198–206.[CrossRef][Medline]

1478.   Shalabi A, Kristoffersen-Wiberg M, Aspelin P, et al. MR evaluation of chronic Achilles tendinosis. A longitudinal study of 15 patients preoperatively and two years postoperatively. Acta Radiol 2001;42:269–76.[Medline]

1479.   Shalaby M, Almekinders LC: Patellar tendinitis: the significance of magnetic resonance imaging findings. Am J Sports Med 1999;27(3):345-349

1480.   Shambes G, Waterland J 1973 Control of motor units in skill and postural muscles in normal man American Journal of Physical Medicine 52(3): 114-123

1481.   Shea KP, Fulkerson JP. Preoperative computed tomography scanning and arthroscopy in predicting outcome after lateral retinacular release. Arthroscopy. 1992;8(3):327-34. [Medline].

1482.   Shelbourne D., 2000, The Physician and Sports Medicine. Vol 28(1), 31-44, January 2000

1483.   Shellock FG. Effect of a patella-stabilizing brace on lateral subluxation of the patella: assessment using kinematic MRI. Am J Knee Surg. 2000;13(3):137-42. [Medline].

1484.   Shellock FG. Patellofemoral joint abnormalities in athletes: evaluation by kinematic magnetic resonance imaging. Top Magn Reson Imaging. Sep 1991;3(4):71-95. [Medline].

1485.   Sheppard JAN, Rand C.: Internal disc dynamics. St Leonards-on-Sea;Conquest Hospital,1992. (privately circulated video recording)

1486.   Sherrington CS. The Interactive Action of the Nervous System. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press, 1911.

1487.   Shibata Y, Shirai Y, Miyamoto M 2002 the aging process in the sacroiliac joint: helical computed tomography analysis. Journal Orthopedic Science 7(1):12

1488.   Shrier I, Matheson GO, Kohl HW. Achilles tendonitis: are corticosteroid injections useful or harmful? Clin J Sport Med 1996;6:245–50.[Medline]

1489.   Shrout PE, Fleiss JL. Intraclass correlations: Uses in assessing rater reliability. Psychol Bull 1979 86(2):420-428.

1490.   Shumway-Cook A, Horak FB. Assessing the influence of sensory interaction on balance: Suggestions from the field. Phys Ther. 1986;66:1548-1550.

1491.   Siddall P, Cousins M 1997 Spine update: spinal pain mechanisms Spine 22(1): 98-104

1492.   Siffert R S, Feldman D J 1980 The growing hip. Acta Orthopaedica Belgica 46:443

1493.   Silfverskiold KL, May EJ: Flexor tendon repair in zone II with a new suture technique and an early mobilization program combining passive and active flexion, J Hand Surg 19A:53, 1994

1494.   Silverman J L, Rodriquez A A,  Agre J C  1991  Quantitative cervical flexor strength in healthy subjects and in subjects with mechanical neck pain. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 72(9): 679-81

1495.   Simoneau GG (2002).  Kinesiology of walking.  In Neumann DA: Kinesiology of the Musculoskeletal System: Foundations for Physical Rehabilitation. Philadelphia: Mosby.  Chapter 15, pp. 523-551.

1496.   Singer KP; Fitzgerald D; Milne N 1993 Neck retraction exercises and cervical disk disease. MPAA conference proceedings

1497.   Singleton M C, LeVeau B F 1975 The hip joint: structure, stability, and stress. Physical Therapy 55:957

1498.   Sinhoven T, Lindgren K, Airaksinen O, Manninen H 1997 Movement disturbances of the lumbar spine and abnormal back muscle electromyograhic findings in recurrent low back pain. Spine 22(1): 289-295

1499.   Sluijs, E., Therapietrouw door voorlichting – Handleiding voor patiëntenvoorlichting in de fysiotherapie, NIVEL, Utrecht, 1993.

1500.   Sluys E.: Patient education in physical therapy (proefschrift) 1991

1501.   Small J, Brennan M, Colville J: Early active mobilization following flexor tendon repair in zone 2, J Hand Surg 1989; 14B:383-91 and Cullen K, Tolhurst P, Lang D, Page R: Flexor tendon repair in zone 2 followed by controlled active mobilization, J Hand Surg 1989; 14B:392-95).

1502.   Smeulders MJ, Kreulen M, Hage JJ, Ritt MJ, Mulder T. Motor control impairment of the contralateral wrist in patients with unilateral chronic wrist pain. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2002;81(3):177-81

1503.   Smidt G L 1995 Sacroiliac kinematics for reciprocal straddle positions. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C (eds) Second interdisciplinary world congress on low back pain: the integrated function of the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joint, Part 2, San Diego, California, p 695

1504.   Smith LK, Weiss EL, Don Lehmkuhl L (eds, 1996). Brunnstrom's Clinical Kinesiology, 5th ed.  Philadelphia, F.A. Davis.  Chapter 5, pp. 223-225

1505.   Smith, J, and Bellemare F. Effect of lung volume on in vivo contraction characteristics of human diaphragm. J Appl Physiol 62: 1893-1900, 1987.

1506.   Smith, L.K., Weiss, E.L. & Lehmkuhl, L.D. (1996). Brunnstrom's clinical kinesiology (5th ed.). Philadelphia: F.A. Davis.

1507.   Smith-Oricchio K, Harris BA. Interrater reliability of subtalar neutral, calcaneal inversion and eversion. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1990;12(1):10-15.

1508.   Snijders C J, Vleeming A, Stoeckart R 1993a Transfer of lumbosacral load to iliac bones and legs. 1: Biomechanics of self-bracing of the sacroiliac joints and its significance for treatment and exercise.  Clinical biomechanics 8:285

1509.   Snijders C J, Vleeming A, Stoeckart R 1993b Transfer of lumbosacral load to iliac bones and legs. 2: Loading of the sacroiliac joints when lifting in a stooped posture.  Clinical Biomechanics 8:295

1510.   Snijders C J, Vleeming A, Stoeckart R, Mens J M A, Kleinrensink G J 1997 Biomechanics of the interface between spine and pelvis in different postures. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R (eds) Movement, stability and low back pain. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 103

1511.   Snijders CJ, Bakker MP, Vleeming A, Stoeckart R, Stam HJ , Oblique Abdominal Muscle Activity in Standing and in Sitting on Hard and Soft Seats..... Clinical Biomechanics 10:2 (MAR 95)

1512.   Snijders CJ, Hermans PFG, Niesing R, Spoor CW, Stoeckart R. The influence of slouching and lumbar support on iliolumbar ligaments, intervertebral discs and sacroiliac joints. Clinical Biomechanics 2004;19(4):323-329

1513.   Snijders CJ, Slagter AHE, Strik R van, Vleeming A, Stoeckart R, Stam HJ. Why leg-crossing? The influence of common postures on abdominal muscle activity. Spine 1995;20(18):1989-1993

1514.   Snook GA. Achilles tendon tenosynovitis in long-distance runners. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1972;4:155–8.

1515.   Snyder SJ, Karzel RP, DelPizzo W, Ferkel RD, Friedman MJ. SLAP lesions of the shoulder. Arthroscopy. 1990;6:274 –279.

1516.   Snyder-Mackler L, Fitzgerald GK, Bartolozzi AR III, et al: The relationship between

1517.   Sobel E, Levitz SJ. Reappraisal of the negative impression cast and subtalar joint neutral position. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 1997;87(1):32-33.

1518.   Soila K, Karjalainen PT, Aronen HJ, et al. High-resolution MR imaging of the asymptomatic Achilles tendon: new observations. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1999;173:323–8.[Abstract]

1519.   Solem-Bertoft E, Thuomas KA, Westerberg CE: The influence of scapular retraction and protraction on the width of the subacromial space: an MRI study. Clin Orthop 1993;296(Nov):99-103

1520.   Solomonow M, Baratta R, Zhou BH, Shoji H, Bose W, Beck C, D'Ambrosia R. The synergistic action of the anterior cruciate ligament and thigh muscles in maintaining joint stability. Am J Sports Med. 1987 15(3):207–213.May–Jun; [PubMed]

1521.   Solomonow M, Bing-He Zhou E E, Harris M, Lu Y, Baratta R V. 1998 The ligamento-muscular stabilizing system of the spine. Spine 23(23): 2552-62.

1522.   Solomonow M, Eversull E, Bing He Zhou EE, Baratta RV, Meng-Ping Zhu MS 2001 Neuromuscular neutral zones associated with viscoelastic hysteresis during cyclical lumbar flexion. Spine 26(14): E314-E324

1523.   Solomonow M, Zhou B, Baratta R, et al. Biomechanics of increased exposure to lumbar injury caused by cyclic loading. Part 1. Loss of reflexive muscular stabilization. Spine 1999;24:2426–34.

1524.   Solomons M, Rosenwasser M, Diao E: Clinical Experience with a new tendon fixation device using and accelerated active motion protocol, pending private research.

1525.   Solonen K A 1957 The sacro-iliac joint in the light of anatomical roentgenological and clinical studies. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica Supplement 26

1526.   SOSLOWSKY L.J., CARPENTER J.E., BUCCHIERI J.S. and FLATOW E.L.: Biomechanics of the rotator cuff. Orthopedic clinics of north America, Vol. 28, Nr.1, 1997.

1527.   Souza RB, Powers CM. Differences in hip kinematics,muscle strength, and muscle activation between subjects with and without patellofemoral pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2009;39:12-19

1528.   Souza TA. Differential Diagnosis for the Chiropractor. Gaithersburg: Aspen Pubs; 1997. 145.

1529.   Souza TA: The shoulder in swimming, in Sports Injuries of the Shoulder: Conservative Management. New York City, Churchill Livingstone, 1994, pp 107-24

1530.   Spencer J, Hayes K, Alexander I. Knee joint effusion and quadriceps reflex inhibition in man. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1984;65:171–7.

1531.   Spitzer WO, Leblanc FE, Dupuis M, et al. Scientific approach to the assessment and management of activity-related spinal disorders: A monograph for clincians. Report of the Quebec Task Force on Spinal Disorders. Spine, 1987;12(suppl):1-59

1532.   Spitzer WO, Leblanc FE, Dupuis M. Scientific approach to the assessment and management of activity-related spinal dis+A1611orders. Spine, 12(7Suppl):1-59, 1987.

1533.   Sports Med 1997; 25(2):191-195

1534.   Sports Medicine. St Louis, CV Mosby, 1994

1535.   Spratt K F, Lehmann TR, Weinstein JN, et al. A new approach to the low back physical examination: Behavioral assessment of mechanical signs. Spine, 15:96-101, 1990.

1536.   Spratt KF, Lehmann TR, Weinstein JN, Sayre HA: A new approach to the low back physical examination, behavioral assessment of mechanical signs. Spine, 1990;2: 96-102.

1537.   SREECK U.: Funcktionelles Untersuchen und Behandeln der Extremiteitäten, Mobilisationstechniken GHG. Juli 1996, 68-72.

1538.   Stanciu C, Labelle HB, Morin B, et al. The value of computed tomography for the diagnosis of recurrent patellar subluxation in adolescents. Can J Surg. Aug 1994;37(4):319-23. [Medline].

1539.   Stanish WD, Rubinovich RM, Curwin S: Eccentric exercise in chronic tendinitis. Clin Orthop 1986;208(Jul):65-68

1540.   Stanish WD. Overuse injuries in athletes: a perspective. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1984;16:1–7.[Medline]

1541.   Stanley K. Stress fractures. In: Mellion MD, Walsh WM, Shelton GL, eds. The team physician's handbook. 2d ed. Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus, 1997:593-604.

1542.   Stark S D 1997 The stark reality of stretching. Peanut Butter, Vancouver

1543.   Stein P L, Rowe B M 1982 Physical anthropology, 3rd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York

1544.   Steinbeck J, Jerosch J: Arthroscopic transglenoid stabilization versus open anchor suturing in traumatic anterior instability of the shoulder. Am J Sports Med 1998;26(3):373-378

1545.   Steinkamp LA, Dillingham MF, Markel MD, et al: Biomechanical considerations in patellofemoral joint rehabilitation. Am J Sports Med 1993;21(3):438-444

1546.   Sterling M, Jull G, Wright A 2001 The effect of musculoskeletal pain on motor activity and control. J Pain        2(3): 135-45

1547.   Steven, P., Cohen, M.D. Sacroiliac Joint Pain: A  Comprehensive Review of Anatomy, Diagnosis, and Treatment.Anesthesia & Analgesia, 2005;101:1440-1453.

1548.   Stevens, J. A, The costs of fatal and non-fatal falls among older adults, Injury Prevention 12,290-295 (2006).

1549.   Stewart Pettengill KM, van Strien G: Postoperative management of flexor tendon injuries. In Hunter et al Rehabilitation of the Hand and Upper Extremity, Mosby, 449, 2002

1550.   Stocker D, Pink M, Jobe FW: Comparison of shoulder injury in collegiate- and master's-level swimmers. Clin J Sport Med 1995;5(1):4-8

1551.   Stokes I A F 1986 Three-dimensional biplanar radiography of the lumbar spine. In: Grieve G P (ed) Modern manual therapy of the vertebral column. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 576

1552.   Stokes M, Cooper R 1993 Physiological factors influencing performance of skeletal muscle. In Crosbie J, McConnell J (Eds) Key Issues in Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy Butterworth Heineman: 16-47

1553.   Stokes M, Young A 1984 Investigations of quadriceps inhibition: Implications for Clinical Practice. Physiotherapy 70(11): 425-428

1554.   Stokes M, Young A 1984 The contribution of reflex inhibition to arthrogenous muscle wasting. Clinical Science 67:7-14

1555.   Stokes MJ, Cooper RG, Morris G, Jayson MIV 1992 Selective changes in multifidus dimensions in patients with chronic low back pain. European Spine Journal 1:38-42

1556.   Stone D, Green C, Rao U, et al. Cytokine-induced tendinitis: a preliminary study in rabbits. J Orthop Res 1999;17:168–77.[Medline]

1557.   Stratford PW, Riddle DL, Binkley JM, et al. Using the neck disability index to make decisions concerning individual patients. Physiother Can 1999;107-19.

1558.   Strayer L M 1971 Embryology of the human hip joint. Clinical Orthopaedics 74:221

1559.   Strender L, Sjoblom A, Sundell K, Ludwig R, Taube A 1997 Interexaminer reliability in physical examination of patients with low back pain. Spine 22(7):814

1560.   Strickland JW. Development of flexor tendon surgery: twenty-five years of progress. J Hand Surg [Am] 2000;25(2):214-35

1561.   Strickland JW. Flexor Tendon Injuries: I. Foundations of Treatment. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 1995;3(1):44-54

1562.   Strickland JW. Flexor Tendon Injuries: II. Operative Technique. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 1995;3(1):55-62

1563.   Strickland, JW: Flexor tendon injuries: I. Foundations of treatment, J AM Acad Orthopaedic Surg 3:44, 1995) and Cannon (Cannon N: Post flexor tendon repair motion protocol, Indiana Hand Center Newslett 1:13, 1993

1564.   Strohl, KP, Mead J, Banzett RB, Loring SH, and Kosch PC. Regional differences in abdominal muscle activity during various maneuvers in humans. J Appl Physiol 51: 1471-1476, 1981.

1565.   Stubbs M, Harris M, Solomonow M, Zhou B, Lu Y, Barrata R V 1998 Ligamento-muscular protective reflex in the lumbar spine of the feline. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 8[4] 197-204 

1566.   Stuber, K.J. Specificity, Sensitivity, and Predictive Values of Clinical Tests of the Sacroiliac Joint: A Systematic Review of the Literature. The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association, 2007; 51(1): 30–41.

1567.   Stuberg, W.A., Colerick, V.L., & Blanke, D.J. (1988). Comparison of clinical gait analysis method using videography and temporal-distance measures with 16-mm cinematography. Physical Therapy, 68,1221-1225.

1568.   Studiedag 'Actuele trends in de behandeling van anterieure schouderinstabiliteit'.Gent, 11 december 1999.

1569.   Stuge B, Lærum E, Kirkesola G, Vøllestad N 2003 The efficacy of a treatment program focusing on specific stabilizing exercises for pelvic girdle pain after pregnancy.  Spine 28:21

1570.   Sturesson B 1997 Movement of the sacroiliac joint: a fresh look. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R (eds) Movement, stability and low back pain. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 171

1571.   Sturesson B, Selvik G, Uden A, 1989, Movements of the sacroiliac joints a roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis. Spine 14 (2): 162 165.

1572.   Sturesson, B., Uden, A., Vleeming, A. A Radiostereomatic Analysis of Movements of the Sacroiliac Joints During the Standing Hip Flexion Test. Spine, 2000;24(3):364-368.

1573.   Subotnick SI, Sisney P. Treatment of Achilles tendinopathy in the athlete. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 1986;76:552–7.[Medline]

1574.   Subotnick SI. Achilles and peroneal tendon injuries in the athlete. An expert's perspective. Clin Podiatr Med Surg 1997;14:447–58.[Medline]

1575.   Suggested Readings

1576.   Sullo A, Maffulli N, Capasso G, et al. The effects of prolonged peritendinous administration of PGE1 to the rat Achilles tendon: a possible animal model of chronic Achilles tendinopathy. J Orthop Sci 2001;6:349–57.[Medline]

1577.   Sundqvist H, Forsskahl B, Kvist M. A promising novel therapy for Achilles peritendinitis: double-blind comparison of glycosaminoglycan polysulfate and high-dose indomethacin. Int J Sports Med 1987;8:298–303.[Medline]

1578.   Sutherland DH, Kaufman KR, Moitoza JR. Kinematics of normal human walking. In: Rose J, Gamble JG, eds. Human walking, 2nd ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1994;2:23-45.

1579.   Sutherland DH. Development of mature walking. Philadelphia: MacKeith Press, 1988.

1580.   Sutherland, D.H., Olshen, R.A., Biden, E.N., & Wyatt, M.P. (1988). The development of mature walking. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott.

1581.   Sutherland, D.H., Olshen, R.A., Cooper, L., & Woo, S. (1980). The development of mature gait. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 62A, 336-353.

1582.   Swindler D R, Wood C D 1982 An atlas of primate gross anatomy: baboon, chimpanzee, and man. Robert E Krieger, Florida

1583.   T’JONCK L.: Doctoraatsthesis. Secundair Impingement. Leuven 1998.

1584.   Taimela S, Kankaanpaa M, Luoto S 1999 The effects of lumbar fatigue on the ability to sense a change in lumbar position. Spine 24(13): 1322-7

1585.   Taimela S, Kujala UM, Osterman K. Intrinsic risk factors and athletic injuries. Sports Med. 1990 Apr;9(4):205–215. [PubMed]

1586.   Takala EP, Korhonen I, Viikari-Juntura E 1998. Postural sway and stepping response among working population. Reproducibility, long-term stability, and associations with symptoms of the low back. Clin Biomec 12:429-437.

1587.   Tallon C, Coleman BD, Khan KM, et al. Outcome of surgery for chronic Achilles tendinopathy: a critical review. Am J Sports Med 2001;29:315–20.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

1588.   Tallon C, Maffulli N, Ewen SWB. Ruptured Achilles tendons are significantly more degenerated than tendinopathic tendons. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001;33:1983–90.[Medline]

1589.   Tamisiea DF. Radiologic aspects of orthopedic diseases. In: Mercier LR, ed. Practical orthopedics. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby, 1995:327-418.

1590.   Tardieu, C., Lespargot. A., Tabary, C., & Bret, M.D. (1988). For how long must the soleus muscle be stretched each day to prevent contracture? Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 30, 3-10

1591.   Tatari H, Kosay C, Baran O, et al. Deleterious effects of local corticosteroid injections on the Achilles tendon of rats. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2001;121:333–7.[Medline]

1592.   Taunton J.E & Wilkinson M., 2001, CMAJ ,  Rheumatology: 14. Diagnosis and management of anterior knee pain, May 29, 164 (11)

1593.   Taylor J R, Twomey L T 1986 Age changes in lumbar zygapophyseal joints: observations on structure and function. Spine 11(7):739

1594.   Taylor J T, Twomey L T 1992 Structure and function of lumbar zygapophyseal (facet) joints: a review. Journal of Orthopaedic Medicine 14(3):71

1595.   Taylor J T, Twomey L T, Corker M 1990 Bone and soft tissue injuries in post-mortem lumbar spines. Paraplegia 28:119

1596.   Teitz CC, Garrett WEJ, Miniaci A, et al. Tendon problems in athletic individuals. Instr Course Lect 1997;46:569–82.[Medline]

1597.   Terslev L , Qvistgaard E, Torp-Pedersen S, et al. Ultrasound and Power Doppler findings in jumper’s knee - preliminary observations. Eur J Ultrasound 2001;13:183–9.[CrossRef][Medline]

1598.   Testa V, Maffulli N, Capasso G, et al. Management of Achilles tendinopathy by ultrasound guided percutaneous longitudinal tenotomy. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2002:in press.

1599.   Testa V, Maffulli N, Capasso G, et al. Percutaneous longitudinal tenotomy in chronic Achilles tendonitis. Bull Hosp Jt Dis 1996;54:241–4.[Medline]

1600.   Tetro AM, Evanoff BA, Hollstien SB, Gelberman RH. A new provocative test for carpal tunnel syndrome. Assessment of wrist flexion and nerve compression. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1998;80(3):493-8

1601.   THEIN LORI A.; GREENFIELD BRUCE H.: Impingement Syndrome and Impingement-related instability. edited by Donatelli Robert A., Clincs in physical therapy, third edition, churchill livingstone 1997, 229-256.

1602.   Thermann H, Beck A, Holch M, et al. Functional treatment of acute Achilles tendon rupture. A histological, immunohistological and ultrasonographic analysis of the animal model. Unfallchirurg 1999;102:447–57.[Medline]

1603.   Thermann H, Frerichs O, Biewener A, et al. Biomechanical studies of human Achilles tendon rupture. Unfallchirurg 1995;98:570–5.[Medline]

1604.   Thigpen CA, Padua DA, Morgan N, ,  Kreps C , Karas SP (2006) , Scapular Kinematics During Supraspinatus Rehabilitation Exercise , A Comparison of Full-Can Versus Empty-Can Techniques, The American Journal of Sports Medicine 34:644-652 (2006)

1605.   Thind P, Lose G, Jorgensen L, Colstrup H 1991 Urethral pressure increment preceding and following bladder pressure elevation during stress episode in healthy and stress incontinent women.  Neurourology and Urodynamics 10:177

1606.   This article is available online to OU students, faculty, and staff through OVID. The article's unique identifier (UI) is 96239465.

1607.   Thomee R, Augustsson J, Karlsson J: Patellofemoral pain syndrome: a review of current issues. Sports Med 1999;28(4):245-262

1608.   Thompson J A, O’Sullivan P B 2003 Levator plate movement during voluntary pelvic floor muscle contraction in subjects with incontinence and prolpase: a cross-sectional study and review.  International Urogynecology Journal 14:84

1609.   Tiberio, D. (1988). Pathomechanics of structural foot deformities. Physical Therapy, 68, 1840-1849.

1610.   TIBONE J.E., SHAFFER B.: The journal of musculoskeletal medecine. Shoulder pain: When is it impingement?, 1995, 66-77.

1611.   Tibone JE, Bradley JP. The treatment of posterior subluxation in athletes. Clin Orthop 1993;291124-37.

1612.   Ticker JB, Bigliani LU, Soslowsky LJ, et al: Inferior glenohumeral ligament: geometric and strain-rate dependent properties. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 1996;5(4):269-279

1613.   Ticker JB, Fealy S, Fu FH. Instability and impingement in the athlete's shoulder. Sports Med 1995; 19:418-26.

1614.   TIMMERMAN N, Lingier Rik , Compufit BVBA, Medische Oefentherapie softwareprogramma upgrades 1995 tot heden.

1615.   TIMMERMAN N.: syllabus "medische trainingstherapie, 1997

1616.   TIMMERMAN N.: syllabus opleiding MOT SyntraWest & IRSK,  "Medische Oefentherapie  voor de cervicale,thoracale en scapulaire regio”,

1617.   TIMMERMAN N.: syllabus opleiding MOT SyntraWest & IRSK,  "Medische Oefentherapie  voor de lumbale regio en lichaamsalignement ”,

1618.   TIMMERMAN N.: syllabus opleiding MOT SyntraWest & IRSK,  "Medische Oefentherapie voor het onderste quadrant en lidmaat”,

1619.   TIMMERMAN N.: syllabus opleiding MOT SyntraWest & IRSK,  "Theoretische basis Medische Oefentherapie”,

1620.   TIMMERMAN N.: syllabus opleiding MOT SyntraWest & IRSK, "Medische Oefentherapie  voor de intra-en peripelvische regio”

1621.   TIMMERMAN N.: syllabus opleiding MOT SyntraWest & IRSK, "Medische Oefentherapie  voor het A1612bovenste quadrant en lidmaat”,

1622.   Ting, L. H. and McKay, J. L., Neuromechanics of muscle synergies for posture and movement, Current Opinion in Neurobiology 17, 622-628 (2007)

1623.   Tippett SR, Voight ML. Functional Progressions for Sport Rehabilitation.1st ed. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics; 1995.

1624.   Tipton CM, James SL, Mergner W, et al: Influence of exercise on strength of medial collateral knee ligaments of dogs. Am J Physiol 1970;218(3):894-902

1625.   T'JONCK L.: Doctoraatsthesis. Secundair Impingement. Leuven 1998.

1626.   Tong HC, Heyman OG, DA Lado, MM Isser, Interexaminer Reliability of Three Methods of Combining Test Results to Determine Side of Sacral restriction, Sacral Base Position, and Innominate Bone Position, J Am Osteopath Assoc August 1, 2006 106:464-468

1627.   Torstensen TA; Ljunggren AE; Meen HD et al. Efficiency and cost of Medical Exercise Therapy, conventional physiotherapy, and self-exercise in patients with chronic low back pain: A pragmatic, randomized, single blinded, controlled trial with 1-year follow-up Spine. 1998;23:2616-2624

1628.   Tortora G (199) , Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, John Wiley & Sons.

1629.   Toussaint, R., Gawlik, C.S., Rehder, U., Rüther, W. Sacroiliac Joint Diagnostics in the Hamburg Construction Workers Study. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 1999;22:139-143.

1630.   Townsend H, Jobe FW, Pink M, Perry J. Electromyographic analysis of the glenohumeral muscles during a baseball rehabilitation program. Am J Sports Med. 1991;19:264 –272.

1631.   Travell J G, Rinzler S H 1952 The myofascial genesis of pain. Postgraduate Medicine 11:425

1632.   Travell J, Simons D 1992 Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual Vol. 1: The Upper Extremities Vol. 2: The Lower Extremities. Williams and Wilkins

1633.   Treleaven J, Jull G, Atkinson L  1994  Cervical musculoskeletal dysfunction in post-concussional headache.  Cephalagia  14(4): 273-9

1634.   Triano J, McGregor M, Doyne M, Dombrowsky N and Grant DC. Criterion-related validity of manual diagnostic maneuvers. NASS proceedings October 1996, 115-116 (abstract).

1635.   Tropp H, Askling C 1984a. Effects of ankle disk training on muscular strength and postural control . Am J Sports Med 85:259-61.

1636.   Tropp H, Askling C, Gillquist J 1995. Prevention of ankle sprains. Am J of Sports Med 4:259-262.

1637.   Tropp H, Ekstrand J, Gillquist J 1984b. Stabilometry in functional instability of the ankle and its value in predicting injury. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 16:64-66.

1638.   Tropp H, Ekstrand J, Gillquist J 1984c. Factors affecting stabilometry recordings of single limb stance. Am J of Sports Med 12:185-188.

1639.   Trotter M 1937 Accessory sacro-iliac articulations. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 22:247

1640.   Tuite DJ, Renstrom PA, O’Brien M. The aging tendon. Scand J Med Sci Sports 1997;7:72–7.[Medline]

1641.   Tulder van MW, Koes BW, Bouter LM, Metsemakers JFM: Management of chronic nonspecific low back pain in primary care: A descriptive study. Spine 1997;1: 76-82

1642.   Tung GA, Brody JM. Contemporary imaging of athletic injuries. Clin Sports Med 1997;16:393-417.

1643.   Turkel SJ, Panio MW, Marshall JL, Girgis FG. Stabilizing mechanisms preventing anterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1981;63:1208 –1217.

1644.   Turkel SJ, Panio MW, Marshall JL: Stabilizing mechanisms preventing anterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1981;63(8):1208-1217

1645.   Turner A. Blackburn TA, Guido JA, 2000 Rehabilitation after Ligamentous and Labral Surgery of the Shoulder: Guiding Concepts, Journal of Athletic Training 2000;35(3):373–381

1646.   Tuttle R H (ed) 1975 Primate functional morphology. Mouton, The Hague

1647.   Twomey L T, Taylor J R 1985 A quantitative study of the role of the posterior vertebral elements in sagittal movements of the lumbar vertebral column. In: Glasgow E F, Twomey L T, Scull E R, Kleynhans A M (eds) Aspects of manipulative therapy, 2nd edn. Churchill Livingstone, Melbourne, p 34

1648.   Twomey L T, Taylor J R 1986 The effects of aging on the lumbar intervertebral discs. In: Grieve G P (ed) Modern manual therapy of the vertebral column. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 129

1649.   Twomey L T, Taylor J R, Taylor M M 1989 Unsuspected damage to lumbar zygapophyseal (facet) joints after motor-vehicle accidents. Medical Journal of Australia 151:210

1650.   Twomey LT, Taylor JR (Eds) Physical therapy of the Low Back. 2nd edition Churchill Livingstone

1651.   Tyler TF, Nicholas SJ, Mullaney MJ, McHugh MP. The role of hip muscle function in the treatment of patellofemoral pain syndrome. Am J Sports Med. 2006;34:630-636.

1652.   Tyler TF, Nicholas SJ, Roy T, et al: Quantification of posterior capsule tightness and motion loss in patients with shoulder impingement. Am J Sports Med 2000;28(5):668-673

1653.   Tyler TF,, Thomas GC, Nicholas,SJ, McHugh MP, Addition of isolated wrist extensor eccentric exercise to standard treatment for chronic lateral epicondylosis: A prospective randomized trial, Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Volume 19, Issue 6, Pages 917-922 (September 2010)

1654.   Uhlig Y, Weber B R, Grob D, Muntener M 1995 Fiber composition and fiber transformations in neck muscles of patients with dysfunction of the cervical spine.  Journal of Orthopaedic Research 13:240

1655.   Uhorchak et al.; Risk Factors Associated with Noncontact Injury of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament; A Prospective Four-Year Evaluation of 859 West Point Cadets. The American Journal of sports Medicine 2003, Vol. 31(6).

1656.   UHTHOFF H.K., SANO H.: Pathology of failure of the rotator cuff tendon. Orthopedic clinics of North America, Vol. 28, nr. 1, 31-41, 1997.

1657.   Uhthoff HK, Sano H: Pathology of failure of the rotator cuff tendon. Orthop Clin North Am 1997;28(1):31-41

1658.   Uhtoff H K 1993 Prenatal development of the iliolumbar ligament. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (Britain) 75:93

1659.   Urquhart D, Hodges P, Story I 2001 Regional variation in transversus abdominis recruitment. In: 4th Interdisciplinary World Congress on Low Back and Pelvic Pain. Montreal, Canada, p 358

1660.   Vailas AC, Tipton CM, Laughlin HL, et al. Physical activity and hypophysectomy on the aerobic capacity of ligaments and tendons. J Applied Physiol 1978;44:542–6.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

1661.   Valmassy RL (1996) Clinical biomechanics of the lower extremity. CV Mosby, St. Lois, chapter 1.

1662.   Van den Hoogen HMM, Koes BW, van Eijk JThM, Bouter LM. On the accuracy of history, physical examination, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in diagnosing low back pain in general practice. Spine, 20:318-327, 1995.

1663.   van der Esch Martin , 2007, Knee Joint Stability and Functional Ability in Patients with Osteoarthritis of the Knee, thesis EMGO, NL

1664.   Van der Wurff P, Sacroiliac Joint Pain: Clinical assessment and diagnostic accuracy, Proefschrift.2004

1665.   Van der Wurff, P. Clinical Diagnostic Tests for the Sacroiliac Joint: Motion and Palpation Tests. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, 2006;52:308.

1666.   Van der Wurff, P., Buijs, E.J., Groen, G.J. A Multitest Regimen of Pain Provocation Tests as an Aid to Reduce Unneccessary Minimally Invasive Sacroiliac Joint Procedures. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2006;87:10-14.

1667.   Van der Wurff, P., Hagmeijer, R.H.M., Meyne, W. Clinical Tests of the Sacroiliac Joint: A Systematic Methodological Review. Part 1: Reliability. Manual Therapy, 2000;5(1):30-36.

1668.   Van der Wurff, P., Meyne, W., Hagmeijer, R.H.M. Clinical Tests of the Sacroiliac Joint: A Systematic Methodological Review. Part 2: Validity. Manual Therapy, 2000;5(2):89-96.

1669.   Van Dillen L R, McDonnell M K, Fleming D A, Sahrmann S A 2000 Effect of knee and hip position on hip extension range of motion in individuals with and without low back pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 30(6): 307-16

1670.   Van Dillen L, Sahrmann S A  1998  Reliability of physical exam item used for classification of patients with low back pain. Physical Therapy  78(9)

1671.   Van Dillen L, Sahrmann S A, Norton B J, Caldwell C, Fleming D, McDonnell M, Bloom N J  2001  Effect of active limb movements on symptoms in patients with low back pain.  J Orthopaedic Sports Physical Therapy 31(8): 402-18

1672.   van Grinsven S. , C.J.M. Holla, R.E.H. van Cingel en C.J.M. van Loon ‘Evidence based’ nabehandeling van voorstekruisbandreconstructie, Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Orthopaedie, Vol 15, Nr 2, juli 2008

1673.   Van Winckel Jan , Rekmethodes,  Voetbalkrant , januarinummer 2002

1674.   Van Wingerden BAM 1995 Connective Tissue in Rehabilitation. Scipro Verlag

1675.   Van Wingerden J P , Vleeming A, Snijders C J, Stoeckart R 1993 A functional-anatomical approach to the spine-pelvis mechanism: interaction between the biceps femoris muscle and the sacrotuberous ligament. European Spine Journal 2:140

1676.   Van Wingerden J P, Vleeming A, Buyruk H M, Raissadat K 2001 Muscular contribution to force closure; sacroiliac joint stabilization in vivo. In: Proceedings from the 4th Interdisciplinary World Congress on Low Back & Pelvic Pain.  Montreal, Canada

1677.   Van Wingerden J P, Vleeming A, Buyruk H M, Raissadat K Stabilization of the sacroiliac joint in vivo: verification of muscular contribution to force closure of the pelvis. European Spine Journal (submitted)

1678.   Vander AJ, Sherman JH, Luciano DS 1994 Human Physiology. 2nd edition McGraw Hill

1679.   VANPACHTENBEKE F.: De kinesitherapeutische behandeling van schouderpathologieën. Fysische therapie,dec. 1997, nummer 4, 17-21.

1680.   VANSTEENLAND H. : Hydrotherapie, Standaard Wetenschappelijke Uitgeverij, 1968.

1681.   Vennix MJ, Wertsch JJ. Entrapment neuropathies about the elbow. J Back Musculoskel Rehabil 1994;4:31-43.

1682.   Vera-Garcia, F.J., Grenier, S.G. and McGill, S.M. (2000) Abdominal response during curl-ups on both stable and labile surfaces. Phys. Ther. 80(6): 564-569.

1683.   Verma A, Su A, Golin AM, et al. A screening method for knee trauma. Acad Radiol. May 2001;8(5):392-7. [Medline].

1684.   Vernon H, Mior S. The neck disability index: a study of rehability and validity. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1991;14(7):409-15.

1685.   Vicenzino G, Twomey L 1993 Sideflexion induced lumbar spine conjunct rotation and its influencing factors. Australian Physiotherapy 39(4):299

1686.   Video, fitnesstoestel met glijplank en plyometrische drills.

1687.   Viitasalo JT, Kvist M. Some biomechanical aspects of the foot and ankle in athletes with and without shin splints. Am J Sports Med 1983;11:125–30.[Abstract]

1688.   Vilarta R, Vidal B de C: Anisotropic and biomechanical properties of tendons modified by exercise and denervation: aggregation and macromolecular order in collagen bundles. Matrix 1989;9(1):55-61

1689.   Vink P, van de Velde EA, Verbout AJ. A functional subdivision of the lumbar extensor musculature. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol 1988;28:517-25.

1690.   Visentini PJ, Khan KM, Cook JL, et al. The VISA score: an index of the severity of jumper's knee (patellar tendinosis). J Sci Med Sport 1998;1:22–8.[Medline]

1691.   Vlaeyen J W S, Kole-Snijders A M J, Heuts P H T G, van Eek H 1997 Behavioral analysis, fear of movement/(re)injury and behavioral rehabilitation in chronic low back pain. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R (eds) Movement, stability and low back pain. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 435

1692.   Vleeming A, Buyruk H, Stoechart, R Karamursel S, Snijders C 1992c An integrated therapy for peripartum pelvic instability:  a study of the biomechanical effects of pelvic belts.  American Journal Obstetrics Gynecology 166(4):1243

1693.   Vleeming A, de Vries H J, Mens J M, van Wingerden J P 2002 Possible role of the long dorsal sacroiliac ligament in women with peripartum pelvic pain.  Acta Obstetrics Gynecology Scandinavia 81(5):430

1694.   Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C (eds) 1995c Second interdisciplinary world congress on low back pain: The integrated function of the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joint, Parts 1 & 2. San Diego, California

1695.   Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R (Eds) 1997 Movement stability and low back pain  The essential role of the pelvis. 1st edition. Churchill Livingstone

1696.   Vleeming A, Mooney V, Snijders C, Dorman T (eds) 1992b First interdisciplinary world congress on low back pain and its relation to the sacroiliac joint. San Diego, California

1697.   Vleeming A, Pool-Goudzwaard A L, Hammudoghlu D, Stoeckart R, Snijders C J, Mens J M A 1996 The function of the long dorsal sacroiliac ligament: its implication for understanding low back pain. Spine 21(5):556

1698.   Vleeming A, Pool-Goudzwaard AL, Stoeckart R, van Wingerden JP, Snijders CJ 1995 The posterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia Its function in load transfer from spine to legs. Spine 20(7): 753-8

1699.   Vleeming A, Snijders C J, Stoeckart R, Mens J M A 1995b A new light on low back pain.  In: Proceedings from the 2nd Interdisciplinary World Congress on Low Back Pain.  San Diego, California

1700.   Vleeming A, Snijders C J, Stoeckart R, Mens J M A 1997 The role of the sacroiliac joints in coupling between spine, pelvis, legs and arms. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R (eds) Movement, stability and low back pain. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 53

1701.   Vleeming A, Stoeckart R, Snijders C J 1989a The sacrotuberous ligament:a conceptual approach to its dynamic role in stabilizing the sacroiliac joint.  Clinical Biomechanics 4:201

1702.   Vleeming A, Stoeckart R, Volkers A C W, Snijders C J 1990a Relation between form and function in the sacroiliac joint. 1: Clinical Anatomical Aspects. Spine 15(2):130

1703.    Vleeming A, Van Wingerden JP, Dijkstra PF, Stoeckart R, Snijders CJ, Stijnen T. Mobility in the sacroiliac joints in the elderly: a kinematic and radiological study. Clinical Biomechanics 1992;7:170-176

1704.   Vleeming A, Volkers A C W, Snijders C J, Stoeckart R 1990b Relation between form and function in the sacroiliac joint. 2: Biomechanical Aspects. Spine 15(2):133

1705.   Vleeming A, Wingerden J P van, Dijkstra P F, Stoeckart R, Snijders C J, Stijnen T, 1992, Mobility in the SI-joints in old people: a kinematic and radiologic study. Clinical Biomechanics 7: 170-176.

1706.   Vleeming A, Wingerden J P van, Snijders C J, Stoeckart R, Stijnen T 1989b Load application to the sacrotuberous ligament:influences on sacroiliac joint mechanics.  Clinical Biomechanics 4:204

1707.   Vleeming A., De Vries H., Mens JMA, Van Wingerden JP, Possible role of the long dorsal sacroiliac ligament in women with peripartum pelvic pain, Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, Volume 81 Issue 5, Pages 430 - 436

1708.   Vogel KG, Koob TJ. Structural specialization in tendons under compression. Int Rev Cytol 1989;115:267–93.[Medline]

1709.   Voight M, Hardin J, Blackburn T A, Tippett S, Canner G C  1996  The effect of muscle fatigue on and the relationship of arm dominance to shoulder proprioception.  J Orthopeadic Sports Physical Therapy  23(6): 348-52

1710.   Voight Michael and Cook Gray, 1996, Clinical application of closed kinetic chain exercise.  Journal of sport rehabilitation, 5, 25-44

1711.   Voight ML. Proprioceptive concerns in rehabilitation. Proceedings of the XXV FIMS World Congress of Sports Medicine; 1994; Athens, Greece.

1712.   Von Saar G. Die Sportverletzungen. Neue Deutsche Chirurgie 1914;13:88–102.

1713.   Voss DE, Ionta MK, Myers BJ. Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Harper and Row; 1985:302.

1714.   Vrbova G, Gordon T, Jones R 1995 Nerve Muscle Interaction. 2nd edition Chapman & Hall

1715.   Vrijens J; Bourgois J; Lenoir M (2001)

1716.   Waddell G 1998 The back pain revolution. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh

1717.   Waddell G, McCulloch JA, Kummel E, Venner RM. Non-organic physical signs in low back pain. Spine, 5(2): 117-125, 1980.

1718.   Waddell G. Clinical assessment of lumbar impairment. Clin Orthop Rel Res, 221:110-120, 1987.

1719.   Waddell+A1727 G. (1998). Diagnostic triage. In: The Back Pain revolution. Churchill Livingstone: London.

1720.   Wadsworth D J, Bullock-Saxton J E 1997 Recruitment patterns of the scapular rotator muscles in freestyle swimmers with subacromial impingement. Int J Sports Med 18(8): 618-624

1721.   Walheim G G, Selvik G 1984 Mobility of the pubic symphysis. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 191:129

1722.   Walker J M 1980a Morphological variants in the human fetal hip joint. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 62A:1073

1723.   Walker J M 1980b Growth characteristics of the fetal ligament of the head of femur: significance in congenital hip disease. Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 53:307

1724.   Walker J M 1981 Histological study of the fetal development of the human acetabulum and labrum: significance in congenital hip disease. Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 54:255

1725.   Walker J M 1984 Age changes in the sacroiliac joint. Proceedings of the International Federation of Orthopaedic Manipulative Therapists, 5th, Vancouver, p 250

1726.   Walker J M 1986 Age-related differences in the human sacroiliac joint: a histological study; implications for therapy. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy 7:325

1727.   Wall D, Melzack R (eds) 1995 Textbook of Pain. 3rd edition Churchill Livingstone

1728.   Walsh M, Helzer-Julin M. Tracking problems of the patella. In: Mellion MB, editor. Office sports medicine. 2nd ed. St Louis: Mosby; 1996. p. 269-82.

1729.   Wang, ED (1998). Tendon Repair, Journal of Hand Therapy 11 (2):105-110

1730.   Warner JJ, Micheli LJ, Arslanian LE, et al: Patterns of flexibility, laxity, and strength in normal shoulders and shoulders with instability and impingement. Am J Sports Med 1990;18(4):366-375

1731.   Warner JJ, Micheli LJ, Arslanian LE, et al: Scapulothoracic motion in normal shoulders and shoulders with glenohumeral instability and impingement syndrome: a study using Moiré topographic analysis. Clin Orthop 1992;285(Dec):191-199

1732.   Waryasz GR, McDermott AI, Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS): a systematic review of anatomy and potential risk factors, Dynamic Medicine 2008, 7:9

1733.   Watanabe R S 1974 Embryology of the human hip. Clinical Orthopaedics 98:8

1734.   Watson & Trott 1993 Watson D, Trott P  1993  Cervical headache: an investigation of natural posture and upper cervical flexor muscle performance. Cephalagia 12:272-84

1735.   Watson & Trott 1993 Watson D, Trott P  1993  Cervical headache: an investigation of natural posture and upper cervical flexor muscle performance.  Cephalagia  12:272-84.

1736.   WEBER M. L., ROUX E.: Profylactische en ergonomische richtlijnen. Behandeling van schouderpijn, 1998, 17-20.

1737.   Webster D F, Harvey W, Dyson M, Pond J B 1980 The role of ultrasound-induced cavitation in the ‘in vitro’ stimulation of collagen synthesis in human fibroblasts. Ultrasonic 18:33

1738.   Wegener L, Kisner C, Nichols D 1997. Static and dynamic balance responses in persons with bilateral knee osteoarthritis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 25:13-18.

1739.   Weinberg EP, Adams MJ, Hollenberg GM. Color Doppler sonography of patellar tendinosis. Am J Roentgenol 1998;171:743–4.[Medline]

1740.   WEINECK J., Sportanatomie, Elmar Sport, 170-171

1741.   Weiner, D.K., Sakamoto, S., Perera, S., Breuer, P. Chronic Low Back Pain in Older Adults: Prevalence, Reliability, and Validity of Physical Examination Findings. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2006;54:11-20.

1742.   Weinzweig, N & Gonzalez, MH (2000). Metacarpal & phalangeal fractures. In Weinzweig, J (Ed) Hand and Wrist Surgery Secrets,Philadelphia, Hanley & Belfus, pp 36-47

1743.   Weisl H 1954 The articular surfaces of the sacro-iliac joint and their relation to the movements of the sacrum. Acta Anatomica 22:1

1744.   Weisl H 1955 The movements of the sacro-iliac joint. Acta Anatomica 23:80

1745.   Weisner SL. Rehabilitation of elbow injuries in sports. Phys Med Rehabil Clin North Am 1994; 11:402-409.

1746.   Welsh RP, Clodman J. Clinical survey of Achilles tendinitis in athletes. Can Med Assoc J 1980;122:193–5.[Medline]

1747.   Wessel LM, Scholz S, Rüsch M. Characteristic pattern and management of intra-articular knee lesions in different pediatric age groups. J Pediatr Orthop. Jan-Feb 2001;21(1):14-9. [Medline].

1748.   West MB, Gow P. Ciprofloxacin, bilateral Achilles tendonitis and unilateral tendon rupture: a case report. N Z Med J 1998;111:18–19.

1749.   Wexler G, Hurwitz DE, Bush-Joseph CA, et al: 1998, Functional gait adaptations in patients with anterior cruciate ligament deficiency over time. Clin Orthop 348:166-175,

1750.   White A A, Panjabi M M 1978 The basic kinematics of the human spine. Spine 3:12

1751.   White A, Panjabi M 1990 Clinical Biomechanics of the Spine. 2nd edition Lippincott

1752.   White S G, Sahrmann S A 1994 A movement system balance approach to management of musculoskeletal pain In:Grant R (eds) Physical Therapy of the Cervical and Thoracic Spines. 2nd Ed Ch16 p339-357

1753.   Whittaker J L 2003 Abdominal ultrasound imaging of pelvic floor muscle function in individuals with low back pain. Journal of Manual and Manipulative Therapy (submitted)

1754.   Whittaker P, Canham PB. Demonstration of quantitative fabric analysis of tendon collagen using two-dimensional polarized light microscopy. Matrix 1991;11:56–62.[Medline]

1755.   Wiemann K 1991 Beeinflussung muskularer Para meter durch ein zehnwochiges Dehnungstraining. Sportwissenschaft 21 (3):259-306

1756.   Wiemann K, Klee A, Startmann M 1998 Fibrillar sources of the muscle resting tension and therapy of muscular imbalances. Deutsche Zeitschrift fur Sportmedizin 49(4): 111-118

1757.   Wilcox DK, Bohay DR, Anderson JG. Treatment of chronic Achilles tendon disorders with flexor hallucis longus tendon transfer/augmentation. Foot Ankle Int 2000;21:1004–10.[Medline]

1758.   Wilder D G, Pope M H, Frymoyer J W 1980 The functional topography of the sacroiliac joint. Spine 5:575

1759.   Wilder DG, Aleksiev AR, Magnusson ML, Poper MH, et al. Muscular response to sudden load. Spine 1996;21 (22):2628-2639.

1760.   Wilder RP, Guidi E. Anatomy and examination of the elbow. J Back Musculoskel Rehabil 1994;4:7-16.

1761.   WILK  K. E., ARRIGO C.A.: Current concepts in the rehabilitation of the athletic shoulder.  Journal of orthopedic and sports physical therapy, Nr. 18, 365-378, 1993.

1762.   Wilk K E, Arrigo C A, Andrews J R. 1997 Current concepts: the stabilizing structures of the glenohumeral joint. J Orthopeadic Sports Physical Therapy 25(6): 364-79

1763.   Wilk K.E. Recent Advances in the Evaluation and Treatment of the Shoulder. Advanced Continuuing Education Institute Course, 2006.  www.advancedceu.com

1764.   Wilk KE, Arrigo C: Current concepts in the rehabilitation of the athletic shoulder. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1993;18(1):365-378

1765.   Wilkenson B and Carmen B. Unfolding Change: Workers’ Compensation in Canada. A Report for Canadians in Five Volumes. Toronto: Corpworld Group Inc., Liberty International Canada Holdings Ltd. 1995.

1766.   Willard F H 1997 The muscular, ligamentous and neural structure of the low back and its relation to back pain. In: Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R (eds) Movement, stability and low back pain. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 3

1767.   Willard F H, Carreiro J E, Manko W 1998 The long posterior interosseous ligament and the sacrococcygeal plexus.  In: Proceedings from the 3rd Interdisciplinary World Congress on Low Back & Pelvic Pain.  Vienna, Austria, p 207

1768.   Willems PA, Cavagna, GA, Heglund NC External, internal and total work in human locomotion. J. Exp. Biol., 198: 379-393. (1995)

1769.   Willers C,  Wood D.J. , Zheng, M.H. , A CURRENT REVIEW ON THE BIOLOGY AND TREATMENT OF

1770.   Willett, G.M., Hyde, J.E., Uhrlaub, M.B., Wendel, C.L., & Karst, G.M. (2001). Relative activity of abdominal muscles during commonly prescribed strengthening exercises. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 15, 480–485

1771.   Williams IF, Nicholls JS, Goodship AE, et al. Experimental treatment of tendon injury with heparin. Br J Plast Surg 1986;39:367–72.[Medline]

1772.   Williams JG. Achilles tendon lesions in sport. Sports Med 1986;3:114–35.[Medline]

1773.   Williams M, Solomonow M, Zhou B, Baratta R V, Harris M 2000 Multifidus spasms elicited by prolonged lumbar flexion. Spine 25(22): 2916-24

1774.   Williams MM, Hawley JA, McKenzie RA, et al.: A comparison of the effects of two sitting postures on back and referred pain. Spine, 1991;1185-1191.

1775.   Williams P E, Goldspink G 1978 Changes in sarcomere length and physiological properties in immobilised muscle. Journal of Anatomy 127:459

1776.   Williams P L 1995 Gray’s anatomy, 38th edn. Churchill Livingstone, New York.

1777.   Williams P, Goldspink G 1978 Changes in sarcomere length and physiological properties in immobilised muscle. J of Anatomy 127:459-468

1778.   Williams PL, Warwick R, Dyson M and Bannister (1989) Gray’s Anatomy 37th ed. Churchill Livingstone,Edinburgh

1779.   Williams, P., Watt, P., Bicik, V., & Goldspink, G. (1986). Effect of stretch combined with electrical stimulation on the type of sarcomeres produced at the end of muscle fibers. Experimental Neurology, 93,500-509.

1780.   Williams, P.E. (1988): Effect of intermittent stretch on immobilised muscle. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 47, 1014-6

1781.   Williams, P.E., Catanese, T., Lucey, E.G., & Goldspink, G. (1988). The importance of stretch and contractile activity in the prevention of connective tissue accumulation in muscle. Journal of Anatomy, 158, 109-14.

1782.   Wilson AM, Goodship AE. Exercise-induced hyperthermia as a possible mechanism for tendon degeneration. J Biomech 1994;27:899–905.[Medline]

1783.   WINDELS W.:Manipulatieve normalisaties van het schoudergewricht, cursus UZ Gent.

1784.   Wingerden J-P. Vleeming A, Kleinrensink G-J and Stoeckart R (1997), ‘The Role of the Hamstring in Pelvic and Spinal Function’, in Movement Stability and Low Back Pain: The Essential Role of the Pelvis. (Pp. 207-210), New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1997

1785.   WINKEL D.: De anterieure en anterio-inferieure instabiliteit van de schouder.  Abstract wetenschappelijke activiteit B.L.M.T, 19-25.

1786.   WINKEL D.: Painful Arc van de schouder. Tijdschrift orthopedische geneeskunde, pp.1-40, 1997.

1787.   Winter DA 1995. Human balance and posture control during standing and walking. Clin Biomech, 3(4)193-214.

1788.   Winter DA, Patla AE, Frank JS. Assessment of balance control in humans. Med Prog Technol. 1990;16:31–51.

1789.   Winter, D. (1984) Kinematic and kinetic patterns in human gait. Human Movement Science, 3, 51-76.)

1790.   Winter, D. (1990). Biomechanics and Motor Control of Human Movement. New York: John Wiley.

1791.   Winter, D.A., Patla, A.E., Frank, J.S., & Walt, S.E. (1990). Biomechanical walking changes in the fit and healthy elderly. Physical Therapy, 70, 340-347.

1792.   Wirhed, R. Athletic Ability & the Anatomy of Motion. Wolfe Medical Publications Ltd., 1984.

1793.   Wisbey-Roth (2001), Grading and progressing a dysfunction specific core stability program, WCPT 2001 presentation

1794.   Wise MB, Uhl TL, Mattacola CG, et al. The effect of limb support on muscle activation during shoulder exercises. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2004; 13: 614-20

1795.   Witvrouw E, Lysens R, Bellemans J, et al: Intrinsic risk factors for the development of anterior knee pain in an athletic population: a two-year prospective study. Am J Sports Med 2000;28(4):480-489

1796.   Witvrouw E, Lysens R, Bellemans J, et al: Open versus closed kinetic chain exercises for patellofemoral pain: a prospective, randomized study. Am J Sports Med 2000;28(5):687-694

1797.   Woerkom, C., N. van Doorn, B. Loeve, Voorlichten met drukwerk, Dick Coutinho, Muiderberg, 1987.

1798.   Wolf SL, Barnhart HX, Kutner NG, et al., 1996. Reducing frailty and falls in older persons: An investigation of Tai Chi and computerized balance training. JAGS 44:489-497.

1799.   Wolfson L, Whipple R, Derbe C, et al., 1996. Balance and strength training in older adults: Intervention gains and Tai Chi maintenance. JAGS 44:498-506.

1800.   Wolfson L, Whipple R, Derby CA, Amerman P, Kleinberg A. Stressing the postural response: a quantitative method for testing balance. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1986;34:845-850.

1801.   Woo S, Buckwater J (eds) 1988 Injury and Repair of Musculoskeletal Soft Tissues. American Academy or Orthopaedic Surgeons

1802.   Woo SL, Gomez MA, Sites TJ, et al: The biomechanical and morphological changes in the medial collateral ligament of the rabbit after immobilization and remobilization. J Bone Joint Surg (Am) 1987;69(8): 1200-1211

1803.   Woo SL, Gomez MA, Woo YK, et al: Mechanical properties of tendons and ligaments, II: the relationships of immobilization and exercise on tissue remodelling. Biorheology 1982;19(3):397-408

1804.   Woo SL, Inoue M, McGurk-Burleson E, et al: Treatment of the medial collateral ligament injury. II: Structure and function of canine knees in response to differing treatment regimens. Am J Sports Med 1987;15(1):22-29

1805.   Woo S-LY, Tkach LV. The cellular and matrix response of ligaments and tendons to mechanical injury. In: Leadbetter WB, Buckwalter JA, Gordon SL, eds. Sports-induced inflammation: clinical and basic concepts. Park Ridge, IL: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 1990:198–204.

1806.   Woolf C J.  1994.  The dorsal horn: state-dependent sensory processing and the generation of pain.  In: Wall P D, Melzack R, editors 3rd edition  Edinburgh:Churchill Livingstone  p 101-12

1807.   Woolf CJ 1987 Physiological inflammatory and neurological pain Advances & Technical Standards in Neurosurgery 15:39-62

1808.   Woolsey N B, Sahrmann S A, Dixon L. 1988 Triaxial movement of the pelvis during prone knee flexion. Physical Therapy 68:827

1809.   Wouters Leo (1989) ,  cursus Medische trainingstherapie

1810.   Wright DG, Desai SM, Henderson WH. Action of the subtalar and ankle-joint complex during the stance phase of walking. J Bone Joint Surg. 1964;46A:361-382.

1811.   Wroblewski B M 1978 Pain in osteoarthrosis of the hip. Practitioner 1315:140

1812.   Wu LS. Evaluation and manipulative therapy of patellar malalignment: a clinical review and preliminary report. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. Sep 1991;14(7):428-35. [Medline].

1813.   Wurdinger S, Humbsch K, Reichenback J R, Peiker G, Seewalk H J, Kaiser W A 2002 MRI of the pelvic ring joints postpartum: normal and pathological findings. Journal Magnetic Resonance Imaging 15(3):324

1814.   Wurff P, Hagmeijer R, Meyne W 2000 Clinical tests of the sacroiliac joint. A systematic methodological review: Part 1: reliability. Manual Therapy 5(1):30

1815.   Wyke B D 1981 The neurology of joints: a review of general principles. Clinics in Rheumatic Diseases 7:223

1816.   Wyke B D 1985 Articular neurology and manipulative therapy. In: Glasgow E F, Twomey L T, Scull E R, Kleynhans A M (eds) Aspects of manipulative therapy, 2nd edn. Churchill Livingstone, Melbourne, p 72

1817.   Wyke B: Articular neurology: a review. Physiotherapy 1972,; 58(3):94-99

1818.   Yamaguchi K, Flatow EL. Management of multidirectional instability. Clin Sports Med 1995;14:885-902.

1819.   Yokochi C, Rohen J, Weinreb E 1994 Photographic Anatomy of the Human Body. 3rd revised edition Igaku-Shoin

1820.   Yoshihara K, Shirai Y, Nakayama Y, et al. Histochemical changes in the multifidus muscle in patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation. Spine 2001;26:622–6.

1821.   Yoshio M, Murakami G, Sato T et al 2002 The function of the psoas major muscle: passive kinetics and morphological studies using donated cadavers. J Orthop Sci. 7:199 – 207

1822.   Young J 1940 Relaxation of the pelvic joints in pregnancy: pelvic arthropathy of pregnancy. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 47:493

1823.   Young J Z 1981 The life of vertebrates, 3rd edn. Clarendon Press, Oxford

1824.   Yue G, Cole K J 1992 Strength increase from the motor programme: comparison of training with maximal voluntary and imagined muscle contractions. Journal of Neurophysiology 67(5):1114

1825.   Zachazewski JE, Magee DJ, Quillen WS, eds. Athletic injuries and rehabilitation. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1996:215.

1826.   ZARINS B., ANDRENS J.R., CARSON N.G.: Injuries to the throwing arm. The United States Olympic committee sports medicine council. Philadelphia, 1985, 41-46.

1827.   Zätterström R, Moritz U., Stabilometry and one-leg hop test have high test-retest reliability., Scand J Med Sci Sports. 1998 Aug;8(4):198-202.

1828.   Zebas CJ, Loudon K, Chapman M, Magee L, Bowman S. Musculoskeletal injuries in a college-age population during a 1-semester term. J Am Coll Health 1995;44:32-4.

1829.   Zhang Y, Xu L, Nevitt MC, et al. Comparison of the prevalence of knee osteoarthritis between the elderly Chinese population in Beijing and whites in the United States: The Beijing Osteoarthritis Study. Arthritis Rheum. Sep 2001;44(9):2065-71. [Medline].

1830.   Zhao W, Kawaguchi Y, Matsui H, et al. Histochemistry and morphology of the multifidus muscle in lumbar disc herniation. Comparative study between diseased and normal sides. Spine 2000;25:2191–9.